TELECOMMUNICATION

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TELECOMMUNICATION
ENG. Mohammed Samsher Ali
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FIBER OPTIC (FLAG)
A universal carrier of gigabit Information for
all utilities
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FIBER OPTIC (FLAG)

• A universal carrier of gigabit
• information for all utilities

Mohammed Samsher Ali Senior consulting Engineer
(Communication) Zuhair Fayez Partnership
Consultant
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PAPER OUTLINE

• Introduction

Fiber Optic Communication
FLAG (Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe)
Communication need of Private / Public utilities
FLAG Integration scheme for all utilities
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SCECO/SEC
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COMMUNICATION MEDIA

• WIRE COMMUNICATION

COPPER CABLE
FIBER OPTIC CABLE
SUBMARINE CABLE
POWER LINE
WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
H.F / VHF / UHF
MW / SATELLITE / SHF
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FREQUENCY SPECTRUM

• STANDARD FCC ALLOCATION
• VLF/LF/MF/HF/VHF/UHF/SHF/ehf
• (Radio-MW, SW, VHF Radio, TV,
• Cellular (GSM), Mobile and Fixed
• Satellite, Millimeter Radio
  Distribution)
• NEED FOR HIGHER BANDWIDTH
• High Speed LAN, Real Time Video,
• High Definition TV, Multimedia,

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FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM

• INTRODUCTION

TRANSMITTER Encoder, Optical
Transmitter RECEIVER Optical Receiver,
Decoder REPEATERS Invention of LASER in 1960,
TYPES OF FIBER Mono-mode, Multi-mode, Step
Index, Graded Index
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FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM

• ADVANTAGES

Very Large Information Bandwidth
High Immunity to Interference
Negligible Cross Talk
Completely Electrical Isolation
No FCC Regulation, No Need of Licensing
Excellent Mode for Digital Transmission
No easy to tap or eavesdrop
Larger Repeater Spacing
Light weight, Cheaper, Flexible ease of Handling
Non Reactive to Nuclear Radiation
Cabling possible along the same transmission Line
Longer Life Expectancy.
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FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM

• DISADVANTAGES

Were related to Repeaters, Connectors, Splicing
etc. Now - Hardly Anything to name.
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COMMUNICATION NEED OF ALL UTILITIES

• BASIC NEED ADMINISTRATIVE ,OPERATIONAL
  , CURRENT SCENARIO(High Bandwidth Demand)

ORGANIZATIONS LIKE POWER(SCECO/SEC),OIL(SAUDI
ARAMCO) BANK (NCB, SBB, RB etc.)
MEDIUMS USED EXCLUSIVE (HF ,VHF ,MW ,SAT ,F.O
ETC) LEASED / DDN - PTT or PUBLIC AGENCIES
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Power Sector Communication

• BASIC CONCEPT
• Since 1920 used by US power utilities
• Voice ,Protective relaying ,
• Telemetering ,Load Dispatching

SELECTION CRITERIA PLCC is the
backbone Judicious mix of Digital
Microwave and Fiber Optic Communication Satell
ite Communication Leased Lines from PTT
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POWER SECTOR COMMUNICATION

• PLC COMPONENTS Terminal Equipment (Tx ,Rx
  ,Associated Components) Coupling Equipment (WT
  ,CC ,LMU ,) High Voltage System( T.L ,S/S
  ,Control Centers)
• ADVANTAGES / DISADVANTAGES Advantages - Reliable
  ,Cheapest ,Controlled by user not by third
  party,No FCC licensing ,Versatile and Viable
• Disadvantages - Limited frequency (50 - 500
  kHz) ,Bandwidth Limitation ,Susceptible
• to impulse noise ,Interference ,Sensitive to
  climatic variations

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FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION IN POWER UTILITIES

• FIBER GENERATION 1st Generation-850nm, Graded
  Index, used for Inter-City 2nd Generation(in
  1983)- 1330n, Mono-mode with Higher BW and Lower
  Attenuation. 3rd Generation (in 1989)- 1550nm,
  Dispersion Shifted Fiber

CABLE TYPES and INSTALLATION OPGW (Optical
Fiber incorporated in the Ground Wire) WA (
Optical Fiber Cable Wrapped Around the Ground
Wire) MFSS (Metal Free Self Supporting)
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OPGW in Power Sector
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FIBER CABLES FOR POWER UTILITIES
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FOPU

• FUTURE TRENDS
• Advancement in Optical Amplifier,Solid State
  LASER Diodes with antireflection Coating, Erbium
  Doped Optical Amplifiers for 1550nm,Using G.653
  DSF Repeaters

Advantage Over the Cable/Co-axial cable
medium. ADVANTAGES All
Advantages of Fiber Optic Communication Cheaper,
Reliable, Dedicated and Secured.
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SUBMARINE CABLES

• INTRODUCTION
• Ancient Origin, Copper Telephone Cables /
  Co-axial Cables GENERATION SEA - ME -
  WE(South-East Asia, Middle East, Western
  Europe-1) Started in June 1986, the SEA-ME-WE-2
  and now SEA-ME-WE-3, with 36,000Km, 40 Landing
  Points.
• FOG(Fiber Optic Gulf)- 1300Km, Submarine F.O.
  Cable, 5 Gbits, for Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and
  UAE. FLAG( Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe)
• PROJECT OXYGEN ( Recent Origin)

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FLAG (FIBER OPTIC LINK AROUNDTHE GLOBE
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FLAG (FIBER OPTIC LINK AROUNDTHE GLOBE
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FLAG

• EXISTING TREND
• Analog to Digital,
• Narrow Band to Wide Band
• SDH,ISDN and ATM
• Frame Relay to Gigabit Ethernet
• Voice over Data
• Video Conferencing
• Internet/Intranet
• Optical Amplification
• WDM to Dense WDM

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FLAG

• CAPABILITIES
• Spans 3 Continents,
• Links 12 Countries
• Boasts 28,000Km, 1,20,000Circuits of 64Kbps
• 6,00,000 simultaneous Conversations in each
  segment,
• Based on SDH
• 14 Landing Points in Middle East
• New Segments have 32Gbps over each Fiber Pair
• Majority users are ISPs

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FLAG

• FUTURE PROJECTS
• Named as PROJECT OXYGEN
• Planned for 1,53,000Km in Submarine F.O
• 78 Countries, 98 Landing Points,
• ATM Architecture with ITU Digital Standard
  Traffic flow 640 Gbps capacity on each circuit
• Customer can purchase/Hire/resale the capacity
• Completion of Phase 1 by end of 2003.

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COMPARISON OF SUBMARINESYSTEMS
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COMPARISON OF SUBMARINE FIBEROPTIC IN ME AND NA
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SUBMARINE CABLE
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FLAG (GLOBAL SCENARIO)
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FLAG (GLOBAL SCENARIO)
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FLAG IN MIDDLE EAST
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FLAG for Saudi Arabia
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INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

• BASIC CONCEPT
• High - Speed, ultra-high capacity Optical Fiber
  Network Capable of Transmitting (Audio, Text and
  video Signal ) BROAD BAND ADVANTAGES

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PREFERENCE FOR MEDIUM
PREFERABLY
Optical Fiber
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INTEGRATION TECHNIQUE

• PHILOSOPHY OF INTEGRATION

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PROPOSED SCHEME
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MAJOR BENEFITS

• ADVANTAGES
• Optimum Utilization of the Medium
• Leasing / Sharing
• Very High BW available for all users
• Ultramodern Communication Facilities at door
  step
• Reliable, Secured
• Better S/N Ratio
• Cost Effective

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CONCLUSION
Change Your Services
Before
Somebody forces you
To do so
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Thank you