State Customs Committee of Russian Federation

1
State Customs Committee of Russian Federation

• Customs control of ferrous and non-ferrous metal
  scrap
• Chief of Customs control of fissionable and
  radioactive materials of SCC of RF
• N. Kravchenko
• Directorate of Special Technique and Automation
  of Customs Technologies
• 11/5, Novozavodskaya str., Moscow, 121087, Russia
• Tel. [phone] Fax. 7 (095)
  449-88-62 E-mail ustatt_Kravchenko_at_mail.customs
  .ru

2
The threat of ITRM at the border can be minimized
by the implementation of two tasks

• To stop the illicit trafficking of fissionable
  and radioactive materials across the Russian
  Federation border
• To organize thorough check at Customs clearance
  of fissionable and radioactive materials of the
  participants of foreign trade activities (export,
  import, transit, temporary import) for their
  identification by name and quantity declared in
  the documents.

3
The following conceptual principles are used as
well for solving these tasks

• 1. Radiation monitoring of all individuals,
  goods, and vehicles crossing the Russian
  Federation customs border
• 2. Priority of radiation safety activities over
  legal activities aiming to institute criminal
  proceedings against law transgressors
• 3. Effective control not deteriorating conditions
  for the participants of foreign trade activities
• 4. Minimization of additional personnel and funds
  allocation
• 5. Utilization mostly of national technical
  facilities.

4
Stages of radiation Customs control
5
The technical facilities can be listed as follows

• Detection
• 1. Stationary remote automatic equipment for
  detection of the excess in natural gamma-neutron
  background
• 2. Portable universal radiometers of alpha-,
  beta-, gamma-, and neutron radiation
• Analysis
• 3. Potable gamma-spectrometers for identification
  of fissionable and radioactive materials without
  opening the package
• 4. Gamma-spectrometers with high-resolution
  semiconductor detectors for movable customs
  laboratories
• Personal
• 5. Personal dosimeters to provide safety of the
  personnel
• 6. Personal protection means.

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Algorithm of radiation monitoring at unauthorized
transportation of FRM
ENTRANCE
I stage Detection
Automated monitoring (stationary
equipment) Inspected by officer of the checkpoint
NO
Presence of radioactive (r/a) radiation
YES
Inspection area
II stage Evaluation of radiation danger
Inspection of goods with portable instruments
(radiometers, personal dose monitoring of the
personnel) Inspected by officer of the checkpoint
Determination of the type of radiation and the
extent of radiation danger
III stage Localization, identification
Composition analysis (spectrometric
equipment) Inspected by officer of the CCFRM
service expert of special organization
Checking of the taken measures for temporary
storage of goods
Site of temporary storage
Localization and identification (composition,
enrichment)
Transfer of goods to competent bodies
Customs formalities
EXIT
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The development of these typical algorithms
allows one to determine

• 1. General stages and features of radiation
  control organization for further development of
  normative-methodic documents regulating these
  activities
• 2. The effective structure of special service
• 3. The efficiency of customs personnel at
  different stages of radiation control
• 4. Problems requiring cooperation with national
  competent bodies.

8
Approach of implementation TF DR NRM
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   Stationary technical facilities for detection
and response to illegal trafficking of nuclear
and radioactive materials implemented at borders

• Typical national check post and possible places
  of stationary TF DR NRM arrangement.

Transport monitor
Transport monitor
Pedestrian monitor
Stationary TF DR NRM are arranged at
entrance/exit of check post.
10
Examples of placement TF DR NRM
Example of placement of pedestrian TF DR NRM.
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Fixed, installed instruments
Hand-held and pocket-type instruments
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Response to Alarm Activation ???????? ???? ???
???????????? ??????? ???????????
Alarm (pager, border monitor, intelligence) ??????
(???????, ??????????? ???????, ?????? ?? ??????
????????)
No ????????????? ?????????
Verification ????????
False Alarm ?????? ????????????
Confirmed or Suspected ????????????
??? ??????????????
Verify alarm ???????? ????????????
Assess Hazard Locate Source ?????? ??????
? ??????????? ?????????
Multi-purpose hand-held devices ?????????????
?????? ???????
Dangerous ???????
Dose rate ????????? ?????? ????
Safety Procedures ???? ????????????
No Danger ?????????? ?????????
Isolate Source ???????? ?????????
Identify isotope ????????????? ????????
Notification Procedures ???? ???????????
Identify Source
Innocent Source ?????????? ????? ???
Activate Emergency Response Plan ?????????? ?
?????????? ????? ???????? ???
Record Details ?????? ????????????
Illicit Source ????????? ??????????? ????????
Seize Materials ?????????? ?????????
Stop ????????? ?????????
In-depth investigation ??????????? ????????????
Investigation Report ?????? ? ??????????
????????????
Legal Process ?????????? ?????????? ????????
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MKC-A02-1M, All-in-one Design (Aspect)

• 4 modes of operation
• n/g search mode
• n/g dose rate indication
• Gamma spectrometry-isotope identification
• Alpha/beta counting (external detection probe)
• Normal (4 buttons) and expert mode of operation

Detectors NaI, He-3 (8 at) and external, thin
wall, large area ZnS covered plastic
szintillator
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Detection illicit trafficking of radioactive
materials and goods with a high level of
radioactivity (including scrap) 1996-2003
other
With radiation equipments
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Prevention of illicit trafficking of radioactive
materials and goods with a high level of
radioactivity (including scrap)
Import to RUSSIA and transit 78,7
Export from RUSSIA 21,3
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• 1. IAEA-TECDOC-1311 Prevention of the inadvertent
  movement and illicit trafficking of radioactive
  materials.
• 2. IAEA-TECDOC-1312 Detection of radioactive
  materials at borders.
• 3. IAEA-TECDOC-1313 Response to events involving
  the inadvertent movement or illicit trafficking
  of radioactive materials.
• 4. The sanitary demands of Russian Ministry of
  Health.

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The stages of scrap Customs control
SCRAP (Tariff classification code 7204, 7404,
7503, 7602 e.c.t.)
Customs examination with special radiation
equipment

• Main tasks
• To find out local radioactive sources
• To measure dose rate
• Selected measurement of the levels of surface
  contamination by alpha and beta radionuclide.

  Customs control of cargo documents
                                                 
       
- Sanitary certificate - Transport documents
CRITERION Dose rate ? natural background 0,2
µSv/h.

• ?  and Date of issue of document
• Full name of organization recipient
• weight and kind of scrap
• Number of transport units, identification ?
• Full name of Laboratory of Radiation Control
  provided measuring
• ? of radiation protocols and dose rate
• Conations of using of scrap.

Sanitary certificate is absent and (or) dose
rate is not correspond to criterion
All documents are present Scrap meets sanitary
demands
ISSUE OF SCRAP
Prohibition of issue
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