Bioinformatics Workshop June 2125

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Bioinformatics WorkshopJune 21-25

• By Jamie Stensgar

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• Bioinformatics- the science of managing and
  analyzing biological data using advanced
  computing techniques. Especially important in
  analyzing genomic research data.

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Proteins

• Over 200 types in body
• 3 dimensional structures
• Every function in the living cell depends on
  proteins

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Sex Chromosomes

• In a human, the normal amount of chromosomes is
  46, 44 of which are autosomes, and 2 sex
  chromosomes.
• In females, the sex chromosomes are the 2 X
  chromosomes.
• Males have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
  
• There are 23 chromosomes in the egg and 23 in the
  sperm.

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Mutation

• Mutation the change of trait failure of DNA
  repair.
• Most mutations are neutral
• Some can be harmful and some can be helpful
  (depending on environment)

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Super Baby

• A kid in Berlin (now 4 years old) who was born
  with naturally massive muscles. It's not a new
  condition, but it apparently hasn't been recorded
  in humans before. It also looks like the cause is
  a suppression of the myostatin protein, which
  could be reproducible. A gene that blocks
  production of a muscle-limiting protein (called
  myostatin) has been found in a abnormally
  muscular German baby. This news comes apparently
  7 years after researchers at Johns Hopkins
  created 'mighty mice' through a related approach,
  turning off the gene that produces the
  muscle-limiting protein.

7 months old
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Future Treatments?

• Many scientists believe the find could eventually
  lead to drugs for treating people with muscular
  dystrophy and other muscle-destroying conditions.
  And athletes would almost surely want to get
  their hands on such a drug and use it like
  steroids to bulk up.

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Native American DNA Verification Testing

• The cost of this through www.genetree.com is
  245.
• Two types of inheritance patterns
• mtDNA Native American Test
• Y-SNP/STR Native American Test

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mtDNA Native American Test

• Maternally linked
• Passed on to all children
• Only females can pass it on to their children.

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Y-SNP/STR Native American Test

• Paternally linked
• Passed only from father to son.

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Genomics

• The study of genes and their function.

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Sequencing

• Sequencing the genome is an important step
  towards understanding it.
• How?
• Scientists must break the genome into small
  pieces, sequence the pieces, and then reassemble
  them in the proper order to come to the sequence
  of the whole genome. Much of the work involved in
  sequencing lies in putting together this giant
  biological jigsaw puzzle.

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NCBINational Center for Biotechnology Information

• National resource for molecular biology
  information.
• creates public databases
• conducts research in computational biology
• develops software tools for analyzing genome data
  
• gives biomedical information - all for the better
  understanding of molecular processes affecting
  human health and disease.

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TIGRThe Institute for Genomic Research

• Not-for-profit research institute whose primary
  research interests are in structural, functional
  and comparative analysis of genomes and gene
  products from a wide variety of organisms.

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Overall Reaction

• Parts of this workshop were hard to understand
  due to my educational background, but it was very
  interesting.

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The End!!!