Chapter 1: Introduction

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Chapter 1 Introduction

• William Stallings Business Data Communications
  6th Edition

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Information Communication

• Networking is critical to the new corporate
  structures emerging in todays businesses
• Benefits of good networks
• make geographically dispersed companies more
  manageable
• help top-heavy companies trim down middle
  management
• help companies break down barriers between
  divisions.
• make automation and quality enforcement easier to
  implement.

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Basic Communications Model

• Source Generates data to be transmitted
• Transmitter Converts data into transmittable
  signals
• Transmission System Carries data
• Receiver Converts received signal into data
• Destination Takes incoming data

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Basic Communications Model

• Example
• Communication between a workstation and a server

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Trends Driving Data Communication

• Traffic growth
• Voice data over Internet Protocol (IP) local
  and long distance
• Development of new services
• Multimedia on demand and TV distribution
• Advances in technology
• Encourage and support increased growth and new
  developments

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Key Technology Trends

• Faster and cheaper computing platforms,
  communications hardware, and software
• Increasingly intelligent networks, management
  and assessment tools
• Growing importance of Internet, intranet and
  extranet applications
• Increasing use of and dependence on mobile and
  wireless technology

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Enterprise Networks Drivers
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Enterprise Networks ConvergenceA Three-Layer
Model

• Applications Seen by end users
• Voice calling, email, and instant messaging
• Group collaboration and relationship management
• Enterprise Services Seen by network Manager
• Design, maintenance, and support services
• Authentication, capacity management, and QoS
• Infrastructure Enterprise available assets
• Links, LANs, WANs, and Internet connections
• Carry information over data networks

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Unified Communication (UC) Convergence

• Web 2.0 Second generation web capabilities
• User generated content (blogs, wikis, clips,
  etc.)
• Desktop like user interface friendly
  capabilities
• Real-Time Communication (RTC) desktop and mobile
  software clients functionalities
• IP Enabling Contact Centers Enhance customer
  contact center functionality and performance
• IP Mobility Remote access technology and mobile
  employees support
• IP Wireless IP packet extended to support local
  and wide area wireless communication

Business Data Communications, Stallings
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Business Information Requirements

• Personal, Workgroup, and Enterprise
• Unified Integrated Communications
• Voice communications
• Data communications
• Image communications
• Video communications

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The Internet andDistributed Applications

• Internet a key infrastructure for supporting
  distributed applications
• TCP/IP standard open architecture protocol suite
  universally used in data networks
• Distributed Applications used in intercompany
  and intra-company information exchange
• Client-Server Intranets easy to implement
  approach to most business applications

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Network Types

• Local Area Networks (LANs)
• Wide Area Networks (WANs)
• Circuit Switched
• Packet Switched
• Frame Relay
• ATM
• Wireless Networks
• Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)

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Simplified Network Model
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Networking Configuration
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Transmission of Information

• Transmission
• - converts data into transmittable signals
• Transmission Media
• - twisted pair, fiber, wireless, and coax
• Communication Techniques
• - encoding, interface, protocols
• Transmission efficiency
• - multiplexing, compression

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Management Issues

• Network Security
• Confidentiality
• Integrity
• Availability
• Network Management
• Highly distributed peer-to-peer networks
• Complexity of managing and maintaining
• Reliable operation at all times
• Skilled personnel and communication costs

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Communications Standards

• Importance
• Choice of vendors and products
• Competition leads to lower cost
• Enovation through open standards
• Organizations
• Internet Society (ISOC), International
  Organization for Standardization (ISO), the IEEE
  802 LAN/MAN Committee, the international
  Telecommunication Union (ITU), and the National
  Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),

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Resources

• Book Web Site
• http//williamstallings.com
• Usenet Newsgroups
• IEEE Standards in Education
• No Jitter
• ZDNet
• Journals
• Business-oriented
• Technical