Hany H. Ammar

1
??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ? ???????
??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??????
???? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????
Cloud Computing??????? ???????? Benefits
and challenges ??????? ?????????An Introduction
Presentation SaaS Cloud Computing Training
Course, Gaza, Palestine, June 2012

• Hany H. Ammar
• LANE Department of Computer Science and
  Electrical EngineeringWest Virginia University,
  Morgantown, West Virginia, USA,
• Visiting Professor, Faculty of Computers and
  Information, Cairo U.

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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ???????Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
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?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing

• ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????
  ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???????
• Technical resource availability is a key factor
  to achieve prosperity of any society,
  Particularly important are computing resources
• ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????
  ??? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????.
• To attain their full potential, computing
  resources need to be efficiently utilized
  preferably in an aggregated manner

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?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing

• ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????
• The demand for aggregating computing resources
  can now be met by
• ????? ??????? Utility Computing
• ???????? ????????? ? ??????? Cluster and Grid
  Computing ?
• ?????? ??????? ????????Cloud Computing

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?? ?? ??????? ?????????????? ???????Utility
Computing

• ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????
  ????????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????
  ???????? (???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????
  ? ????? ??? ??? ?????????)
• Utility computing providers rent computing
  resources they maintain through a web browser
  (Web Service)
• ???? ??????? ????? ??????? (?????? ??????????
  ????? ???????? ??????? ??????) ?????? ????????
  ?????? ??????????
• Metered computing analogous to electric power
  (Pay per use of Computing power, storage, and
  network services)

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?? ?? ??????? ?????????????? ???????Utility
Computing

• ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? (?????
  ??????? ????????) ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????
  ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????
  ????? (???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??????
  ???????? )
• Resources are often virtualized and can be shared
  by multiple tenants - Example Amazon Elastic
  Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that
  provides resizable compute capacity with pay
  per use option (276/yr for one large EC2
  instance)
• - Amazon EC2 enables you to increase or decrease
  capacity within minutes

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?? ?? ??????? ??????????????? ??????? ????????
?? ????? ???????Utility versus Cloud computing

• ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????
  ???? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????
  ?????? ??? ???????
• Cloud computing not only provides raw computing
  resources, but also hosts the applications that
  use these resources
• ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????
• Applications usually accessed via a web browser.
• ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????
  ??????? ???????
• User data typically stored on provider's file
  systems.
• ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??
  ????????.??? ???? ?????? Google Mail, Google
  Docs
• Underlying computing infrastructure concealed
  from users.

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?? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????????
???????? ??????? Cluster and Grid Computing

• ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????
  ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????
• A cluster is a collection of tightly coupled
  computing servers usually co-located.
• ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????
  ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????
• A computing grid is a distributed collection of
  computing servers

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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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???? ???? ????? ????????????? ???????Campus
Grid
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???? ???? ????? ??????????University of
California Multi-Campus Grid
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Tsinghua University Beijing ???? Campus Cloud
for Data Storage and Sharing
Eighth International Conference on Grid and
Cooperative Computing, IEEE Xplore
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???? Cloud Computing For Distributed
University Campus http//www.pixel-online.net/edu
_future/common/download/Paper_pdf/ENT30-Erkoc.pdf
Yildiz Technical University (Turkey)
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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ??????? ( (Infrastructure as a
  Service, IaaS
• ???? ????? ??????? ( (Platform as a Service, PaaS
• ????????? ???????? ????? ( (Software as a
  Service, SaaS
• ??????? ????? (Huaas (Human as a Service,
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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????? ?????The services of Cloud Comptng

• ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???
  ????? (XaaS) ? ??? ???? ?????? ? ????? x ??? I
  ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ( Every thing as a
  service (IaaS

Physical resource set (PRS) ????? ??????
????????? is hardware dependent or vendor
dependent Virtual resource set (VRS) is built on
top of PRS to run in multivendor cloud ???????
????????? ??????????

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???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (IaaS)
Infrastructure as a service
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????? ?????IaaS, VRS and PRS
VRS
PRS
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Infrastructure-as-a-Service Providers
Lenk et al, CLOUD09, May 23, 2009, Vancouver,
Canada
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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ??????? ( (Infrastructure as a
  Service, IaaS
• ???? ????? ??????? ( (Platform as a Service, PaaS
• ????????? ???????? ????? ( (Software as a
  Service, SaaS
• ??????? ????? (Huaas (Human as a Service,
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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????? ?????

• ????? ??????? ?????
• Platform as a service (Paas)

Google App Engin, Java Virtual Machine
Java
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Platform as a service Providers

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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ??????? ( (Infrastructure as a
  Service, IaaS
• ???? ????? ??????? ( (Platform as a Service, PaaS
• ????????? ???????? ????? ( (Software as a
  Service, SaaS
• ??????? ????? (Huaas (Human as a Service,
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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????? ?????

• ????????? ???????? ?????
• (SaaS) Software as a Service

Google Maps API
Google OpenSocial
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Software-as-a-Service Providers.
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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ??????? ( (Infrastructure as a
  Service, IaaS
• ???? ????? ??????? ( (Platform as a Service, PaaS
• ????????? ???????? ????? ( (Software as a
  Service, SaaS
• ??????? ????? (Huaas (Human as a Service,
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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????? ?????

• ??????? ????? (Huaas) Human as a Service
  ???????? ??????????? ????? (MTurk) ?? ????? ??
  ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?
  crowdsourcing ???? ????????? ?? ????? ???????
  ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? .

?????? ??????? Prediction of events ?e.g. Iowa
Electronic Markets,
????????? ????? Enabling Collective
Intelligence, e.g. Surveys
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Human-as-a-Service Providers
In India Cloud Computing is projected to grow
from a 50 Million industry in 2009 to a 15
Billion Industry in 2013 S. Greengard Cloud
Computing and Developing Nations, Communications
of the ACM, May 2010.

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????? ?????Layered Architecture ?????
??????? ??????? ????????
Fig Cloud Stack
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????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????
????????Layered ArchitectureCrosscutting Layers

• Administration Layer
• Deployment
• Configuration
• Monitoring
• Life cycle management
• Business Layer
• Metering, Billing, Authentication, and
• User management

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Cloud ArchitectureCloud Players
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Cloud Players
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??????? ???????

• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????

• ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??
  ???? ???????
• Clouds reduces the need for advanced computing
  resources at the clients side
• ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????
  ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????
• Clients can use inexpensive small Net Books
  mobile phones to use cloud resources and
  virtually have the processing power and storage
  of an expandable computing system
• ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????
  ????????
• No need to buy software or software licenses

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????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????

• ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ? ???????
  ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??
  ???? ?? ?? ???. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????
  ????????
• Data is no longer confined to the local
  storage, users will be able to access data and
  applications from anywhere at any time. There is
  no more lost data due to hard drive failures
•  ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????
  ????????? ????????? ? ??? ???? ???? ????????
  ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????
  ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????
• Corporations would save money on IT support,
  and No need for space to house expensive hardware
  and software servers

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????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????
????????????? ??????????

• ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????
  ????? ??????? ??????????
• ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???????
• The resources and applications needed for
  e-learning including the virtual laboratories can
  all be in a virtual environment on the cloud
• ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????
• Facilitate the interactions between instructors
  and an increasing number of students.
• ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ????
• Facilitate the collaboration between instructors
• ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????
• Facilitate the collaboration between students
• ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????????
• Facilitate the access to e-books and e-references

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A Short Video
http//www.youtube.com/watch?vbmZL-5h5zeEfeature
channellistUL
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??????? ???????

• ???? ????? Research Team
• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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?????? ?????Challenges

• ????? ????? ???????? ??????
  ??????? ??? ?? ????
• Provide Support to users and developers alike
  
  

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The RESERVOIR Project ????? ??????? ????????
http//www.reservoir-fp7.eu/, 2008-2011
???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? Cloud
Computing Framework) Iaas(
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?????? ?????The RESERVOIR Framework The Claudia
Service Manager
 Provides a Service Management toolkit to deploy
and control the scalability of service among a
public or private IaaS Cloud.
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?????? ????? The RESERVOIR Framework The
OpenNebula Virtual Execution Environment
Manager(VEEM)
A tool to build any type of Cloud deployment to
manage the virtual infrastructure in the
data-center or cluster
Cluster or Data Center
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????? ????? ????? ?????? Private Clouds
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????? ????? ????? ??????? Hybrid Clouds
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????? ????? ????? ??????? Federated Clouds
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?????? ????? Development of Scalable database
management systems
Amazon DynamoDB, database service
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An Example of Public Cloud ServicesThe Amazon
Web services (AWS)

•  
• Amazon AWS Cloud Offerings Include
• Amazon ElasticComputeCloud (Amazon EC2)
• Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3
• Amazon Simple Queuing Service (Amazon SQS)
• Amazon SimpleDB
• http//aws.amazon.com/

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Application Development Using AWS
Cloud Application Architecture Example
GrepTheWeb http//aws.amazon.com/articles/1632
This application allows a developer to do
pattern-matching across millions of web
documents. The application brings up hundreds of
virtual servers on-demand, runs a parallel
computation on them using an open source
distributed processing framework (Hadoop), then
shuts down all the virtual servers releasing all
its resources back to the cloud with low
programming effort and at a very reasonable cost
for the caller.
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Cloud Application Architecture Example
GrepTheWeb
Phases of GrepTheWeb Architecture
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??????? ???????

• ???? ????? Research Team
• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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????? ????? ????? ???????

• ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??
  ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????
• College Campuses maintain significant
  Infrastructure of computing resources in
  computing Labs
• ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ??
  ??????? (?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??
  ????? ????? ???)
• This infrastructure is under utilized (many
  students use laptops and Net Books)
• ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????
  ??????????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???
  ???????
• Service Providers in small companies and general
  users are in need for inexpensive computing
  resources

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????? ????? ????? ???????

• ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????
  ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???????
  ???????
• Developing IaaS Campus cloud would provide the
  following benefits
• ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?
  ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????
• Providing collaboration between colleges and
  service providers and small businesses.
• ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????
  ???????? ????????
• Providing students with an environment for
  learning the concepts of cloud computing
• ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????
• Academic research will benefit from Campus clouds

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????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???????
Campus Cloud
Requirements Model
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??????? ???????

• ???? ????? Research Team
• ?? ?? ??????? ?????????What is Cloud Computing
• ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? Examples of Grids
  and Clouds
• ????? ????? Benefits of Clouds
• ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? What can we do with
  Clouds
• ?????? ??????? ???????? Challenges of Clouds
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
• Making the Case for Campus Clouds
• ???????Summary

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???????Conclusions

• ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????
  ???????? ?? ????????
• Cloud Computing emerged to provide elastic or
  extensible computing resources
• ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????
  ??????? ?????? ???????
• Cloud Computing has evolved from Utility
  Computing and Grid Computing.
• ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????
  ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?? ??????
  ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????
• Cloud Computing provides everything as a service
  starting from the computing infrastructure to the
  applications in different domains such as
  e-learning.

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???????Conclusions

• ????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????
  ??????? ?????? ??????? (??????? ??????? ???????)
• Software Engineering Methodologies and tools are
  needed for cloud developers (Cloud-based
  Service-Oriented Engineering)
• ????? ????????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????????
  ??????? ??????? ????????
• Security and privacy are the biggest concerns of
  cloud computing users and developers
• ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????
  ???? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ?????
  ????? ????? ??????
• Campus Clouds can reduce the cost of computing
  resources, enhance student learning, strengthen
  ties with Industry, and enhance academic
  research.

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??????? ????? ?????

• Questions?
• ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????
  ????? ??????? ????????
• ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????
  ?????????
• ?? ????? ?????? - ???
• ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????
  ??? ?????  ?? ?????????
• ??????
• ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????
  ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????
  ????????? ???????
• Agile project management and techniques to
  develop Cloud Computing software based on SaaS
  Model
• ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????????
  ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ???????
  ????????
• ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????
  ?????????