urban development authority rehabilitation of tsunami

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• URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY
• REHABILITATION OF
• TSUNAMI AFFECTED AREAS IN BATTICALOA DISTRICT
• BRIEF PRELIMINARY REPORT
• 10thJanuary 2004

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CONTEXT IN BRIEF

• Batticaloa District 100 km coastline
• High rainfall in NE Monsoon and annual floods
  causing polluted water
• Severe Cyclone threat
• Highest population growth rate in the country
  (2.49) and town (Kattankudy) having highest
  population density.

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• Batticaloa M. C. the only 2nd order town
• ( No 1st order towns. )
• Livelihood in district
• Fisheries - 22 of households
• Agriculture - 27 of households
• Other - 44 of households
• 35 of children below 5 years chronic
  malnutrition
• Already many displaced families (owing to
• conflict situation) - 6836

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• Coastal Stretch
• Series of saline, brackish and fresh water
  wetlands and continuous sandy beaches
• Rest of district covered by forest and
  agricultural crops with numerous streams and
  water bodies
• Most important agricultural crop Paddy
• Other subsidiary flood crops Vegetables,
• Onions and
• Chillies
• Subsistence level of production
• 10,960 acres fertile paddy land abandoned

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• Eastern Province Structure Plan, June 2004,
  Prepared by Environment Management Lanka (Pvt.)
  Ltd. for NPPD
• Statistical Handbook 2003 Batticaloa District
  available
• Up-to-date Base Maps of suitable scales for
  detailed planning still not available
• 150,000 map available.
• 110,000 map for Batticaloa M.C. area only also
  available

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2. POST-TSUNAMI DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
RELOCATION LAND AVAILABILITY

• UDA Emergency Planning Team carried out a
  preliminary post-tsunami assessment between 1 4
  January 2005
• Interviewed G. A., Divisional Secretaries
  (affected divisions), Batticaloa Municipal
  Commissioner, TRO and Samurdhi Office
  Information Unit.
• Obtained basic details on available lands
  further details provided later by DSs.
• Longer Term Transit Camps being planned by Team
  led by GA, incl. D.S.s, LA leaders, LTTE.
• UDA officer also to be involved.

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OBSERVATIONS (cont..)

• Continuous cyclone threat along coastal strip
  annual floods in low-lying areas of district
• Much variation in width of tsunami affected
  coastal strip probably owing to variation in
  geomorphology.
• Completely destroyed - From 200 to 400 m
• Partially destroyed - Further 100 to 200m
• So far noted widest affected stretches in
  Manmunai North (Batticaloa M. C.) D. S. Division
  and at Kaldudah

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Damaged Property - Batticaloa
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Destroyed bridge of the lagoon- Bar Road
Batticaloa
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Destroyed Damaged Houses - Batticaloa
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• Destruction mostly of seaside infrastructure
  (especially roads, bridges electricity lines),
  fisheries settlements fishing equipment incl.
  boats.
• Mostly fisheries communities affected.
• After tsunami floods, large patches of polluted
  stagnant water in low-lying areas.
• Debris, mud, garbage scorched vegetation strewn
  everywhere.
• Most large mature trees survived (deep-rooting
  spp. especially).
• Wells in affected areas destroyed or become
  saline.

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Destroyed houses damaged Wells - Navalady
fishing village - Batticaloa
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Polluted Well - Batticaloa
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Toppled Well - Navalady ,Batticaloa
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• Kalkudah and Pasekudah Bays
• bodies and landmines were still being cleared
  (Pasekudah completely inaccessible)
• Sea level in the bays was said to be higher than
  before but Met. Dept. says this is temporary
  phenomenon.

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Remains of Billets (now in the sea) Kalkudah Camp
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• In NPPDs Eastern Province Structure Plan, 300 m
  Buffer Zone recommended from mean high water
  line of sea and 100 m Buffer Zone along lagoon
  banks.
• Latest satellite images/aerial photographs
  immediately needed to demarcate widths
  accurately.

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• In general , large extents of State land
  available for new neighborhoods. In some cases
  privately owned vacant land also could be used.
• According to TRO, most fisher families require
  single storey houses on at least 10 p. plots
• According to Batticaloa M. Commissioner, 3 4
  storey blocks of flats acceptable, even for some
  fisher families.

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NATURAL DISASTER PARTICULARS OF AFFECTED
FAMILIES BATTICALOA DISTRICT 2004
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Contd
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LANDS SO FAR IDENTIFIED FOR RE-SETTLEMENT IN
BATTICALOA DISTRICT
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Contd
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TSUNAMI AFFECTED AREAS RELOCATION LANDS IN
BATTICALOA DISTRICT
Batticaloa
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RECOMMENDATIONS (pending obtaining more accurate
detailed data)

• 300 m wide coastal belt from beach vegetation
  line (0.6m MSL) to be declared as no-building
  reservation for permanent tree crops or beach
  parks, to be afforested with suitable
  deep-rooting trees forming wind belts. Could also
  accommodate harbours,fisheries landing sites (
  ancillary facilities). Monuments to be retained.
• Further 200 m wide belt to be a limited
  development zone only harbours, fisheries
  landing sites( ancillary buildings/structures),
  tourism recreation. Monuments permitted.
• 100 m wide reservation for lagoons

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RECOMMENDATIONS ( Cont..)

• All residential (incl. fisheries settlements)
  other building development should be beyond the
  500m wide belt.
• (all above to be finalized after studying
  post-tsunami satellite images/aerial
  photographs).
• Comprehensive Stormwater Drainage Schemes
  urgently required in all development zones,
  considering the terrain and the perennial flood
  problem. Existing roadside drains should be
  widened. Flood Detention Ponds/Areas should be
  designated.
• Sewage disposal scheme needed for Batticaloa M.
  C. Area.

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Stagnant Water
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RECOMMENDATIONS (Cont..)

• Eastern Province Structure Plan should be revised
  where necessary with due consideration of cyclone
  tsunami threat.
• Urban Development Plans, especially Zoning,
  should be expedited.
• New Neighbourhoods/Townships should be concept
  for relocation (In-fill housing may be suitable
  in some parts of Batticaloa town).
• Manmunai North housing could be commenced
  immediately, working with Batticaloa M. C.
• Fisheries communities should be assisted quickly
  repairs/replacement of boats ,etc.

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Grounded Boats
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Table 2 BATTICALOA DISTRICT TSUNAMI AFFECTED
AREAS ROUGH COST ESTIMATE FOR HOUSING RELOCATION
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