Sunrise: December 9, 1906

1
Sunrise December 9, 1906

• Sunset January 1, 1992

2
A Glance at Grace M. Hopper Life

• Place of Birth New York City, New York
• Allegiance United States of America
• Service/Branch United States Navy
• Years of Service 1943-1966, 1967-1971, 1972-1986
• Rank Rear Admiral
• Place of Death Arlington, Virginia

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Biographical Overview

• Born as Grace Brewster Murray
• Attended the Hartridge School in Plainfield, NJ.
• Graduated in 1928 from Vassar College as a Phi
  Beta Kappa with a Bachelors Degree in
  Mathematics and Physics.
• Graduated from Yale University in 1930 with
  Masters Degree
• Married Vincent Hopper in 1930

4
Biographical Overview Continued

• Began teaching Mathematics at Vassar in 1931
• In 1934 received a Ph.D. in Mathematics
• Named Associate Professor in 1941
• She took leave of absence to be sworn into United
  States Navy in 1943
• One of many women volunteer to serve in the WAVES
• Divorced in 1945

5
Accomplishments

• American computer scientist and United States
  Naval officer.
• One of the first programmers of the Harvard Mark
  I calculator.
• Developed the first compiler for a computer
  programming language.
• Referred to as Amazing Grace
• Senior Mathematician at Eckert-Mauchly Computer
  Corporation in 1949
• She also joined the team developing the UNIVAC I

6
Honors

• 1969 She won the first "man of the year" award
  from the Data Processing Management Association
• 1971 The annual Grace Murray Hopper Award for
  Outstanding Young Computer Professionals was
  established in 1971 by the Association for
  Computing Machinery.
• 1973 She became the first person from the
  United States and the first woman of any
  nationality to be made a Distinguished Fellow of
  the British Computer Society.
• 1986 Upon her retirement she received the
  Defense Distinguished Service Medal.
• 1987 She became a Computer History Museum
  Fellow Award Recipient.
• 1988 She received the Golden Gavel Award at the
  Toastmaster International convention in
  Washington, DC.
• 1991 She received the National Medal of
  Technology
• 1996 USS Hopper (DDG-70) was launched.
  Nicknamed Amazing Grace, it is on a very short
  list of U.S. military vessels named after women.
• 2001 Eavan Boland wrote a poem dedicated to
  Grace Hopper titled "Code" in her 2001 release
  Against Love Poetry

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In the Name Of Grace Hopper

• The Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography
  Center is located at 7 Grace Hopper Avenue in
  Monterey, California.
• Grace Murray Hopper Park, located on South Joyce
  Street in Arlington, Virginia, is a small
  memorial park in front of her former residence
  (River House Apartments) and is now owned by
  Arlington County, Virginia.
• Women at the world's largest software company,
  Microsoft Corporation, formed an employee group
  called "Hoppers" and established a scholarship in
  her honor. Hoppers has over 3000 members
  worldwide.
• Brewster Academy, a school located in Wolfeboro,
  New Hampshire, dedicated their computer lab to
  her in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper
  Center for Computer Learning. Hopper had spent
  her childhood summers at a family home in
  Wolfeboro.
• An administration building on Naval Support
  Activity Annapolis (Previously known as Naval
  Station Annapolis) in Annapolis, Maryland is
  named "The Grace Hopper Building" in her honor.

8
Standards

• In the 1970s, she pioneered the implementation of
  standards for testing computer systems and
  components
• Most significantly for early programming
  languages such as FORTRAN and COBOL.
• In the 1980s, these tests were assumed by the
  National Bureau of Standards (NBS), known today
  as the National Institute of Standards and
  Technology (NIST).

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Retirement

• End of 1966, Hopper retired from the Naval
  Reserve with the rank of Commander
• In August of 1967, she was recalled for a
  six-month period that turned into an indefinite
  assignment.
• Retired again in 1971 but was asked to return to
  active duty again in 1972.
• Promoted to Captain in 1973 by Admiral Elmo R.
  Zumalt, Jr.
• March of 1983 segment of 60 minutes was aired and
  Rep. Phillip Crane was watching, he championed
  H.J.RES.341 a joint resolution in the House of
  Representatives which led to her promotion to
  Commodore by special Presidential appointment.
• In 1985, the rank of Commodore was renamed Rear
  Admiral, Lower Half.
• She retired, involuntarily, from the Navy on
  August 14, 1986.
• Hopper was awarded the Defense Distinguished
  Service Medal, the highest non-combat award
  possible by the Department of Defense.
• At the moment of her retirement, she was the
  oldest officer in the United States Navy, and
  aboard the oldest ship in the United States Navy
• Hired as a senior consultant to Digital Equipment
  Corporation, a position she retained until her
  death in 1992 at age 85.

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Ms. Hopper Today

• "Creating Technology For Social Good" Tucson,
  ArizonaSeptember 30 - October 3, 2009
• The Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in
  Computing is a series of conferences designed to
  bring the research and career interests of women
  in computing to the forefront. Presenters are
  leaders in their respective fields, representing
  industrial, academic and government communities.
  Leading researchers present their current work,
  while special sessions focus on the role of women
  in today's technology fields, including computer
  science, information technology, research and
  engineering.
• Past Grace Hopper Celebrations have resulted in
  collaborative proposals, networking, mentoring,
  and increased visibility for the contributions of
  women in computing.
• Other important dates for next year's conference
  will be
• Call for Participation-Now Open
• Call for Participation Closes - March 16, 2009
  (This date will not be extended)
• Scholarship Applications Open - March 19, 2009
• Registration Opens - May 19, 2009

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Hopper Famous Quotes

• Its easier to ask forgiveness than it is to get
  permission
• A ship in a harbor is safe, but that is not what
  a ship is built for.
• I believe in having an open mind, but not so
  open that your brains fall out.

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Glossary

• COBOL (pronounced /'ko?b?l/) is one of the oldest
  programming languages still in active use. Its
  name is an acronym for Common Business-Oriented
  Language, defining its primary domain in
  business, finance, and administrative systems for
  companies and governments.
• Fortran (previously FORTRAN1 is a
  general-purpose,2 procedural,3 imperative
  programming language that is especially suited to
  numeric computation and scientific computing
• UNIVAC serves as the catch-all name for the
  American manufacturers of the lines of mainframe
  computers by that name, which through mergers and
  acquisitions underwent numerous name changes. The
  company UNIVAC began as the business computer
  division of Remington Rand formed by the 1950
  purchase of the Eckert-Mauchly Computer
  Corporation, founded four years earlier by ENIAC
  inventors J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. The
  name stands for "UNIVersal Automatic Computer".

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Rest In Peace

• She was laid to rest with full military honors in
  Arlington National Cemetery Section 59, grave
  973

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Bibliography

• www.google.com
• www.wikipedia.org
• Marx, Christy (2003). Grace Hopper Admiral of
  the Cyber Sea, New York City Rosen Publishing
  Group
• Wexelblat, Richard (1981). History of Programming
  Languages, New York Academic Press