2004 Changes to ADA-ABA Accessibility Guidelines Alberto Garcia-Paz Lexander Reina

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2004 Changes toADA-ABA Accessibility
GuidelinesAlberto Garcia-PazLexander Reina
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U.S. ACCESS BOARD

• An independent Federal Agency
• Develops
• Updates
• accessibility guidelines for new or altered
  facilities covered by ADA, ABA, in both public
  and private sectors.

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GUIDELINES BACKGROUND

• Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 1990
• The Architectural Barriers Act (ABA) 1968

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GOALS OF THIS UPDATE

• Update specifications to continue to meet the
  needs of persons with disabilities.
• Improving the format and usability of the
  guidelines to facilitate compliance.
• Harmonizing the guidelines with model building
  codes and industry standards.
• Making the requirements for ADA and ABA
  facilities consistent.

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When will the new guidelines take effect?

• The Boards guidelines are not mandatory on the
  public, but instead serve as the baseline for
  enforceable standards (which are) maintained by
  other Federal agencies.  In this respect, they
  are similar to a model building code in that they
  are not required to be followed except as adopted
  by an enforcing authority.  Under the ADA, the
  Department of Justice (and in the case of transit
  facilities, the Department of Transportation) are
  responsible for enforceable standards based on
  the Boards guidelines.  These agencies will
  update their ADA standards based on the new
  guidelines.  In doing so, they will indicate when
  the new standards are to be followed.  Several
  other agencies (the General Services
  Administration, Department of Defense, Department
  of Housing and Urban Development, and the U.S.
  Postal Service) hold a similar responsibility for
  standards used to enforce the ABA.

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Organization and Format

• The updated guidelines feature
• a new numbering system consistent with model
  codes
• a more streamlined structure and organization of
  chapters
• updated scoping and technical provisions, with a
  greater structural delineation between them
• new figures and commentary (advisory information)
  
• provision of all figure-based information in
  written text

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Supplements to ADAAG

• The Board previously developed supplements to the
  original ADA guidelines that are specific to
  different types of facilities and elements
• state and local government facilities, including
  courthouses and prisons (1998)
• building elements designed for childrens use
  (1998)
• play areas (2000)
• recreation facilities (2002)
• These supplements are included in the new
  guidelines.  They have been revised for
  consistency with the format and approach of the
  new document, but their substance remains
  unchanged.

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Layout of Document

• CONTENTS
• PART I ADA APPLICATION AND SCOPING
• ADA CHAPTER 1 APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION
• ADA CHAPTER 2 SCOPING REQUIREMENTS
• PART II ABA APPLICATION AND SCOPING
• ABA CHAPTER 1 APPLICATION AND ADMINISTRATION
• ABA CHAPTER 2 SCOPING REQUIREMENTS
• PART III TECHNICAL CHAPTERS
• CHAPTER 3 BUILDING BLOCKS
• CHAPTER 4 ACCESSIBLE ROUTES
• CHAPTER 5 GENERAL SITE AND BUILDING ELEMENTS
• CHAPTER 6 PLUMBING ELEMENTS AND FACILITIES
• CHAPTER 7 COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS AND FEATURES
• CHAPTER 8 SPECIAL ROOMS, SPACES AND ELEMENTS
• CHAPTER 9 BUILT-IN ELEMENTS

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CHAPTER 3 BUILDING BLOCKS 301 General 302
Floor or Ground Surfaces 303 Changes in Level 304
Turning Space 305 Clear Floor or Ground Space 306
Knee and Toe Clearance 307 Protruding Objects 308
Reach Ranges 309 Operable Parts
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Toe Clearance Requirements
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Knee Clearance Requirements
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Lowered Side Reach Requirements by 6
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• CHAPTER 4 ACCESSIBLE ROUTES
• 401 General
• 402 Accessible Routes
• 403 Walking Surfaces
• 404 Doors, Doorways, and Gates  
• 405 Ramps    
• 406 Curb Ramps
• 407 Elevators
• 408 Limited Use/ Limited Application Elevators
• 409 Private Residence Elevators
• 410 Platform Lifts

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Change in 180-degree Turn
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Clear Space at Recessed Doors
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Clarification of Consecutive Doors
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• Advisory 405.7 Landings. Ramps that do not have
  level landings at changes in direction can create
  a compound slope that will not meet the
  requirements of this document. Circular or curved
  ramps continually change direction. Curvilinear
  ramps with small radii also can create compound
  cross slopes and cannot, by their nature, meet
  the requirements for accessible routes. A level
  landing is needed at the accessible door to
  permit maneuvering and simultaneously door
  operation.

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EXTENDED FLOOR or GROUND Edge Protection
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• 410.6 Doors and Gates. Platform lifts shall have
  low-energy power-operated doors or gates
  complying with 404.3. Doors shall remain open for
  20 seconds minimum. End doors and gates shall
  provide a clear width 32 inches (815 mm) minimum.
  Side doors and gates shall provide a clear width
  42 inches (1065 mm) minimum.
• EXCEPTION Platform lifts serving two landings
  maximum and having doors or gates on opposite
  sides shall be permitted to have self-closing
  manual doors or gates.

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• CHAPTER 5 GENERAL SITE AND BUILDING ELEMENTS
• 501 General
• 502 Parking Spaces
• 503 Passenger Loading Zones
• 504 Stairways
• 505 Handrails

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Accessible Van Space
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Access Path Width
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Larger and Different Handrail Shapes Allowed
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• Advisory 505.4 Height. The requirements for stair
  and ramp handrails in this document are for
  adults. When children are the principle users in
  a building or facility (e.g., elementary
  schools), a second set of handrails at an
  appropriate height can assist them and aid in
  preventing accidents. A maximum height of 28
  inches (710 mm) measured to the top of the
  gripping surface from the ramp surface or stair
  nosing is recommended for handrails designed for
  children. Sufficient vertical clearance between
  upper and lower handrails, 9 inches (230 mm)
  minimum, should be provided to help prevent
  entrapment.

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• CHAPTER 6 PLUMBING ELEMENTS AND FACILITIES
• 601 General
• 602 Drinking Fountains
• 603 Toilet and Bathing Rooms
• 604 Water Closets and Toilet Compartments
• 605 Urinals
• 606 Lavatories and Sinks
• 607 Bathtubs
• 608 Shower Compartments
• 609 Grab Bars
• 610 Seats
• 611 Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers
• 612 Saunas and Steam Rooms

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Flexibility in Plumbing Location
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Overlapping Clearance in Residential Modification
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Specific Designs for Tubs and Showers
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Hand Held Shower Heads

• 607.6 Shower Spray Unit and Water.
• A shower spray unit with a hose 59 inches (1500
  mm) long minimum that can be used both as a
  fixed-position shower head and as a hand-held
  shower shall be provided. The shower spray unit
  shall have an on/off control with a non-positive
  shut-off. If an adjustable-height shower head on
  a vertical bar is used, the bar shall be
  installed so as not to obstruct the use of grab
  bars. Bathtub shower spray units shall deliver
  water that is 120F (49C) maximum.

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Appliance Requirements
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• CHAPTER 7 COMMUNICATION ELEMENTS AND FEATURES
• 701 General
• 702 Fire Alarm Systems
• 703 Signs
• 704 Telephones
• 705 Detectable Warnings
• 706 Assistive Listening Systems
• 707 Automatic Teller Machines and Fare
  Machines
• 708 Two-Way Communication Systems

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• CHAPTER 8 SPECIAL ROOMS, SPACES, AND ELEMENTS
• 801 General 
• 802 Wheelchair Spaces, Companion Seats, and
  Designated Aisle Seats
• 803 Dressing, Fitting, and Locker Rooms
• 804 Kitchens and Kitchenettes
• 805 Medical Care and Long-Term Care Facilities
• 806 Transient Lodging Guest Rooms
• 807 Holding Cells and Housing Cells
• 808 Courtrooms
• 809 Residential Dwelling Units
• 810 Transportation Facilities
• 811 Storage

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Pass Through Kitchens
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U-Shaped Kitchens
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CHAPTER 9 BUILT-IN ELEMENTS 901 General 902
Dining Surfaces and Work Surfaces     903
Benches 904 Check-Out Aisles and Sales and
Service Counters
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• CHAPTER 10 RECREATION FACILITIES
• 1001 General
• 1002 Amusement Rides
• 1003 Recreational Boating Facilities
• 1004 Exercise Machines and Equipment
• 1005 Fishing Piers and Platforms
• 1006 Golf Facilities
• 1007 Miniature Golf Facilities
• 1008 Play Areas
• 1009 Swimming Pools, Wading Pools, and Spas
• 1010 Shooting Facilities with Firing Positions