SCALING UP RURAL SANITATION PROGRAMME IN INDIA WITH QUALITY AND CONVERGENCE

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SCALING UP RURAL SANITATION PROGRAMME IN INDIA
WITH QUALITY AND CONVERGENCE

• NATIONAL SEMINAR ON DECENTRALIZED GOVERNANCE IN
  WATER AND SANITATION
• 28TH JUNE, 2012
• NIAR,LBSNAA

URVASHI PRASAD CONSULTANT Ministry of Drinking
Water and Sanitation
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WHY CONVERGENCE?

• Sanitation is Multildimensional
• Multiple Impacts and Determinants
• Poor Sanitation Impacts Health particularly of
  Women and Children Diarrheal diseases resulting
  from poor sanitation and hygiene kill more than
  400,000 persons in India every year.
• Poor Sanitation Impacts learning ability - Study
  in Alwar, Rajasthan showed school toilets
  increased enrollment by 11
• Poor Sanitation Impacts Nutrition
• Poor Sanitation Impacts Environmental Pollution

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WHY CONVERGENCE?

• 3 FS OF SANITATION PROGRAMME
• FUNCTIONS,FUNDS AND FUNCTIONARIES
• A) FUNCTIONS - Range of Components
• Creating Sanitation infrastructure
• Software activities IEC, Hygiene Education
• Capacity building
• Alternative Delivery Mechanism- Effective supply
  of sanitation goods and Services
• School Sanitation
• Solid liquid waste management
• Operation and maintenance
• Monitoring and Evaluation

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WHY CONVERGENCE?

• B) Funds - Limited Budget allocated for specific
  component or to improve quality of a specific
  component
• Eg Cost of construction of Individual Household
  Latrine Convergence of NBA with MGNERGA
• C) Functionaries Multiple Institutions/
  Ministries which look after the same
  programme/population /category of population
• School Sanitation Ministry of Human Resource
  Development Drinking Water and Sanitation
• Children MHRD, MWCD

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NIRMAL BHARAT ABHIYAN (NBA) GOALS

• Making Nirmal Bharat
• Community saturation approach APL, BPL
• Conjoint approach water supply, sanitation,
  housing, SLWM
• Dedicated funding for capacity building of stake
  holders like Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs),
  Village Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSCs)
  and field functionaries for sustainable
  sanitation
• Prioritize Malnutrition and JE affected Districts
  

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Convergence of NBA with other Schemes Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare

• Village Water Health, Sanitation Committees
  (VWSHC) to review and monitor convergence of
  schemes Define Roles, mechanisms for pooling of
  funds functionaries
• Common information and monitoring mechanism for
  tracking impact of poor sanitation on diseases
  and key health indicators like IMR, MMR- Eg. JE
  affected areas of UP
• Capacity building of ASHA, ANMs on sanitation
  promotion. Incentives to ASHA of Rs. 75/- from
  NBA funds
• Joint IEC plans Inclusion of WATSAN messages in
  ASHA radio programme, Use of rubber stamps
  messages on sanitation by doctors
• Convergence of SSHE with School Health Programme
• Joint Action Plans for Epidemic illnesses JE,
  Polio

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Convergence of NBA with other Schemes Sarva
Shiksha Abhiyan,(SSA) Ministry of Human Resource
Development (MHRD) SSHE under NBA

• Coverage of all schools with WATSAN Toilets in
  Schools prior to 2007 NBA All new schools SSA
• Sharing of School coverage data DISE data
  updated to include indicators on handwashing,
  functionality, O M
• Capacity building Teacher Training on hygiene
  Education, Common training Module and Training
  Calendar
• Inclusion of hygiene Education in Curriculum
  Monitoring of toilets constructed in Schools
• Pilot Projects on School Water Supply
  Sanitation Linking Solid Liquid Waste
  Management with Schools Mid Day Meal Programme
  Biodigestors in Schools for kitchen waste

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Convergence with other Schemes Ministry of
Social Justice and Empowerment

• Joint surveys for identification of manual
  scavengers and status of dry latrines and manual
  scavenging in States.
• NBA guidelines outline conversion of the existing
  bucket latrines into pour flush latrines
• Instructions to States which show large
  percentage of dry latrines to conduct survey to
  identify dry latrines and prepare and send
  project proposal for their conversion to sanitary
  latrines.
• Organizing awareness camps with Karamcharis and
  Scavengers to stop manual scavenging
• Manual Scavengers may also be given incentives
  under TSC for acting as motivators for creating
  awareness on sanitation issues and demand
  generation for sanitation facilities in the
  village
• Training may be imparted to the eligible members
  of the target group for self employment ventures
  and skill development for taking up income
  generating activities in industry

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Convergence of NBA with other SchemesCONVERGENCE
OF TSC WITH MGNERGA

• Ministry of Rural Development (MRD) expanded the
  scope of works under Schedule 1 Para 1 (ix) of
  MGNREGA guidelines to include works relating to
  access to sanitation facilities.
• Construction of IHHL -Unskilled labour (upto 20
  person days) and skilled labour (upto 6 person
  days, under material component under MGNERGA
  Total amount to be booked under MGNREGA not
  exceed Rs. 4,500 per IHHL
• Construction of Anganwadi Toilet Unit and School
  Toilet Unit as Institutional Projects as per
  prevailing SORs.
• Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) works in
  proposed or completed Nirmal Grams.
• Cost incurred in providing skilled labour and
  mate will be booked under material component of
  MGNREGA
• DWSM will communicate to GPs approved TSC plan
  which includes total No. of IHHLs for their
  respective GPs. The GPs will , following approval
  of the Gram Sabha, finalize list of Individual
  beneficiates within the given numbers and will
  also include this as part of approved shelf of
  projects under MGNREGA.
• Estimates of IHHL will be based on type design of
  MDWS and combined Technical Sanction(TS) will be
  issued as per the combined Administrative
  Sanction and Financial Sanction

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Convergence of NBA with other SchemesIndira Awas
Yojana

• All IAY beneficiaries who are sanctioned a house
  will be sanctioned one toilet each under TSC
  simultaneously
• Layout , location and technology of sanitary
  latrines in IAY houses to be appropriately
  designed
• IEC material to be included in IAY publicity
  material
• Joint training programme to be organized for
  functionaries under TSC and IAY at State level,
  District , Block and Gram Panchayat level

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NEW AREAS OF CONVERGENCENational Rural
Livelihood Mission (NRLM)

• NRLM aims to provide financial support to BPL
  SHGs in terms of revolving fund for
  microenterprise development activities, skill
  development Training to BPL youth for gainful
  self-employment and wage employment opportunities
  
• SHGs to be involved as motivators/campaigners
  for sanitation promotion.
• Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETI)
  to train Women SHGs. Training may be provided in
  setting up Rural Sanitary Parts/Production
  Centres, as masons
• SHGs be provided assistance to start Rural
  Sanitary Marts and/or Production Centres
• Linking SHGs to VWSC for monitoring water supply
  and sanitation projects and also to help in
  developing village water security and sanitation
  plan.
• Water quality testing by women SHGs
• SHGs to be entrusted with operation and
  maintenance of community sanitary complexes.

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NEW AREAS OF CONVERGENCEMinistry of New and
Renewable Energy Sources

• Construction of Biogas linked toilets specially
  in NGP villages
• Research, Development, Pilot projects on
  sustainable sanitation technologies including
  biogas linked toilets
• Capacity building of Panchayat on taking up Clean
  Development Mechanism projects for gaining carbon
  credits for biogas linked toilets
• State level Biogas development and training
  Centres under MNRE may be linked to WSSO,KRCs,
  Regional Resource Centres for providing
  technical, training support

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NEW AREAS OF CONVERGENCEMinistry of Youth
Affairs

• National Service Scheme (NSS) Volunteers may work
  as motivators in awareness generation , IEC
  activities on sanitation , construction of
  toilets and hygiene Education in villages.
• Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan a network of Youth
  Clubs involved in Sanitation promotion
• National Youth Corps, Scouts and Guides as
  Swachchata Doots

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EVOLVING A CONVERGENCE FRAMEWORK
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Convergence Framework
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Steps to Strengthen Convergence

• Setting up Coordination Mechanisms with all
  Ministries at Central, State, District and
  village level
• Officials implementing the specific programmes
  must be made members of the Coordination
  Committees.
• Capacity building of functionaries on mechanisms
  for convergence
• Identifying specific key component of the scheme
  and define roles, responsibilities mechanisms of
  pooling of financial and human resources.
• Lateral Learning- Exposure visits to Project
  areas where convergence work has happened

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SCALING UP SANITATION PROGRAMME WITH QUALITY AND
CONVERGENCE

• COMING TOGETHER IS BEGINNING
• WORKING TOGETHER IS PROGRESS
• REACHING TOGETHER IS SUCCESS