Text Structure

1
Text Structure

• Nonfiction Organizational Patterns

2
Text Structure

• How text is organized.
• stories are usually chronological.
• Nonfiction has lots of text structures.
• Each paragraph may be different.
• Well learn 6 types.

3
Chronological

• In order of time
• Chrono time
• Stories are told chronologically

Moved Away
Met Girl
Fell in Love
Born in 1882
Married in 1906
Died in 1948
4
Sequence / Order of Importance

• Steps described in the order they occur.

Get bread
Tighten Laces
Open jars
Tie Loops Together
Spread peanut butter
Make Two Loops
Spread jelly
Combine slices
Put on Shoe
Enjoy.
Does not take place at any specific point in time.
5
Cause and Effect

• Explains reasons why something happened.
• Or explains the effects of something.

Text is not telling the story of a dog.
Not feeding it.
Many Karate Schools Opened.
Not petting it.
Why Dog Ran Away
Lots of Karate Movies in 60s
Nunchuck sales Increased 400
Not loving it.
Hospital cases went up.
6
Problem and Solution

• Author states a problem and solution(s).
• Similar to cause and effect.

Missing Books
Eagles were endangered.
Make laws to protect them.
Putting in the Closet
Basically Cause Effect With an Opinion.And
an answer.
Getting Lockers
7
Compare and Contrast

• Compare find similarities Contrast
  find differences
• Shows whats in common and whats different.

Apples Oranges
Fruits Have Seeds Healthy
Colors Tastes Locations
8
Description

• A major Idea is supported by details and
  examples.
• I have a dog named Finn. He is a brown Boykin
  spaniel with curly hair. He loves to play
  outside, chase deer, and eat treats.

9
Practice

• Starts easy but gets hard
• Read the paragraph
• Identify the text structure
• Write it down.

10
1

• Deviled Eggs
• Pop out (remove) the egg yolks to a small bowl
  and mash with a fork. Add mayonnaise, mustard
  powder, vinegar, salt and pepper and mix
  thoroughly. Fill the empty egg white shells with
  the mixture and sprinkle lightly with paprika.
  Cover lightly with plastic wrap and refrigerate
  for up to one day before serving.

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2

• Sports at Ericson
• There are two popular sports played at Ericson,
  basketball and volleyball. Both take place
  inside of the gym at Ericson. Also, each sport
  has two teams of people. In basketball, however,
  the ball can be played off of the floor, and in
  volleyball, the ball cannot touch the floor or it
  is out of play. Basketball and volleyball are
  popular sports at Ericson.

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3

• The Lazy Student
• When Tim woke up, he didnt want to go to
  school. His mom took him anyway. So, he went to
  school, but he didnt do any work. The days
  passed, and Tim still didnt do any work. Mr.
  Morton called Tims house, but Tim still wouldnt
  do any work. Finally the report cards came out,
  and Tim failed his classes.

13
4

• Failing Classes
• Lots of students fail classes. Some students
  fail because the work is too hard for them.
  Other times they may fail because they are lazy,
  and dont do any work. Another reason why
  students may fail is if they dont go to school.
  If youre not in class you may miss a lot. Many
  students fail classes every quarter.

14
5

• Passing Classes
• A lot of students have been failing classes.
  These students wouldnt be failing classes if
  they studied more, asked questions, tried harder,
  and came in for extra help. Even though a lot of
  students fail classes, they have many options if
  they want to pass.

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6

• Fewer Toads
• Though toads are still around, they no longer
  are as common in some areas as they were a few
  decades ago. The growing use of insecticides has
  reduced their numbers. The chemical sprays
  usually do not harm toads, but cut down the
  animals food supply. Thereby, the toads do not
  have enough food to survive. There are fewer
  toads in many areas populated by humans.

16
Answers

• Sequence
• Compare and Contrast
• Chronological
• Cause and Effect
• Problem and Solution
• Cause and Effect

17
Goosebumps

• Text Structure Examples
• Sequence Goose bumps make me shiver. First I
  get cold. Then I shake all over.
• Description Goose bumps make me shiver. I get
  little bumps on my skin. They look like sesame
  seeds.
• Compare and Contrast Some people get goose bumps
  from fear. Others get goose bumps when they are
  touched emotionally.
• Cause and Effect Goose bumps make me shiver.
  When the temperature drops below 45 degrees, my
  skin crinkles into goose bumps.
• Problem and Solution Goose bumps make me shiver.
  But they disappear as soon as I cover up with a
  jacket or sweater.

18
Now, you try it!

• Sequence The first day of school is always an
  interesting day.
• Description The first day of school is always an
  interesting day.
• Compare and Contrast The first day of school is
  always an interesting day.
• Cause and Effect The first day of school is
  always an interesting day.
• Problem and Solution The first day of school is
  always an interesting day