Graduation Project title

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Graduation Project title DESIGN OF FACULITY
OF ENGINEERING AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN
ARAB AMERICAN UNIVERSITY-JENIN
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Main topics

• Chapter one Introduction
• General
• Materials
• Loads
• Codes and standards
• Building structural system

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Main topics

• Chapter two Preliminary Design
• Slab systems and design
• Beam design
• Column design

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Main topics

• Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
  Analysis and Design
• General
• Property/Stiffness Modification Factors
• Structural Model Verification
• Design of Slabs
• Design of Beams
• Design of Columns
• Design of Footings
• Design of stair and shear wall

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Chapter One
Introduction

• General
• This is a graduation project that introduces
  analysis and design of reinforced concrete
  structure. This structure is the building of
  faculty of Engineering and Information Technology
  in the Arab American University in Jenin. The
  building was analyzed and designed using the
  primary principles of structure by using the most
  modern analysis of structures, three dimensional
  structural analyses and design.
• The building is composed of two blocks, block 1
  consists of four floors with an area of 685.75 m2
  and block 2 consists of four floors with an area
  of 667.5 m2.

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Chapter One
Introduction

• The ground floor includes chambers, lectures
  halls and academics offices.
• The first floor includes cafeteria, chambers,
  lectures halls and academics offices.
• The second floor includes lectures halls, manual
  drawing rooms, networks lab, communications lab,
  computers lab, engineering workshop and services
  center.
• And the third floor includes library and reading
  halls.
• The elevation for each floor is equal to 3.85 m,
  and the total height of building is equal 17.2 m.

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Chapter One
Introduction
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Chapter One
Introduction

• Materials
• Structural elements
• Concrete
• The cylindrical compressive strength of
  concrete at 28 days, fc is 240 kg/cm2 which is
  equivalent to fcu of 300kg/m2 cube test.
• Steel
• The yield strength of the used reinforcing bars
  fy is 4200kg/cm2.
• There are non structural materials that are used
  in the structure which are
• Blocks.
• Masonry stone.
• Tiles.
• Filling under tiles.

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Chapter One
Introduction

• Loads
• There are two main types of loads
• Gravity loads
• Live load It comes from the people, machines
  and any movable objects in the buildings. The
  amount of live load depends on the type of the
  structure. In this project the live load is
• 0.3 ton/m2 (class room).
• 0.5 ton/ m2 (corridors and stairs)
• 0.6 ton/ m2 (library).
• 0.2ton/m 2 (roof).
• 2.5ton/m2 (stair roof)
•  
• Dead load it is consisting of own weight
  of the structure and any permanent components.
  The super imposed dead load is 0.5 ton/m2.
• Snow loads this project constructed in Jenin
  that no snow in this area, so snow load will be
  neglected

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Chapter One
Introduction

• Lateral load
• Seismic loads
• The structure is located in Jenin area which is
  classified as zone 2B according to Palestine
  seismic zones.
• The UBC97 code seismic parameters are as follows
• The seismic zone factor, Z 0.2.
• The soil is very dense soil and soft rock, so the
  soil type is Sc.
• The importance factor, I 1.0 .
• The ductility factor, R 5.6.
• The seismic coefficient, Ca0.24.
• The seismic coefficient, Cv0.32.

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Chapter One
Introduction

• Codes and Standards
• The structure is designed using practice codes
  and specifications that control the design
  process and variables.
• The following codes and standards are used in
  this study
• ACI 318-05 American concrete institute
  provisions for reinforced concrete structure
  design.
• UBC-97 code which is used here for seismic load
  parameters determination.
• IBC 2009 Code which is used here for line load
  determination.
• ASTM For material specifications.

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Chapter One
Introduction

• Building Structural System
• The slabs structural system is formed of one
  way and two way ribbed slabs with hidden interior
  beams and drop perimeter beams. The beams are
  supported by separate columns which are the main
  vertical structural elements. The building
  structural system is formed of perimeter and
  stair case shear walls which is the main lateral
  forces resisting structural system, in addition
  to the building frames of beams and columns.

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design
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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Slab Systems and Design
• Two way ribbed slab
• The deflection is the most important factor that
  controls the slab thickness, Minimum thickness of
  two way ribbed slab typically ranged from
  (L/21-L/25).
• hmin L/24 930/24 38.75 cm, use 40cm

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Dead load
• Slab own weight 0.8 ton/m2
• Masonry Wall own weight 1.77 ton/m
• Super imposed load0.5 ton/m2
• The moment in ribs are distributed in two
  directions. The value of moment in each direction
  depends on the loads, panel aspect ratio, panel
  continuity, and beam-slab relative stiffness.
• In this chapter one panel was designed, panel
  dimension 9.2mX7m so the load distribution
• L short/L long7/9.20.76
• The short direction takes 0.75 of load and the
  long take 0.25.

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Ribbed in the Short direction
• Wu (2.04)(0.75) 1.53 ton/m2 0.842ton/rib.
• Mn-ve 4.58 ton.m.
• Rn 22.32
• ?? 5.64 x10-3 gt??min
• As3.13 cm2.
• Use 2 ?14.
• Mn ve 3.28 ton.m.
• Rn 4.36
• ?? 5.21x10-4.
• As1cm2
• As min 1.733 cm2.
• Use 2 ?12

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Ribs in long direction
• Wu (2.04)(0.25) 0.51 ton/m2 0.28 ton/rib.
• Mn 2.67 ton.m.
• Rn 12.99
• ?? 3.210-3 lt ??min
• As 1.85 cm2.
• Use 2 ?12.
•  
• Mn 1.9 ton.m.
• Rn 2.82
• ?? (6.67)(10-4)
• As (0.667)(10-3)(55)(37) 1.36 cm2.
• As-min (3.3)(10-3)(15)(35) 1.85 cm2 gt As
  1.36 cm2 ? use As-min 1.85 cm2.
• Use 2 ?12.

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• One way ribbed slab
• Own weight (0.4)(1)(0.32)(1.2)
  (0.15)(1)(0.32)(2.5) (1)(0.55)(0.08)(2.5)
  0.385 ton/m2 0.7 ton/rib 

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Beam design
• Generally, concrete beams have a rectangular
  cross section since it is easy to be constructed
  in the field
• All beams must be able to resist shear, bending
  moments, and torsional stresses

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Beam4
• Beam width 80 cm, and depth 40 cm.

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design
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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design
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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Beam4
• Design for flexure
• Negative moment
• Mu-ve 33.88 ton.m.
• Mn 37.64 ton.m.
• ?? 0.0102 gt ??min
• As 28.6 cm2.
• Use 8 ?22
•  
• Positive moment
• Muve 42.86 ton.m.
• Mn 47.62 ton.m.
• ?? 0.0134 gt ??min
• As 37.6 cm2.
• Use 10 ? 22

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Beam4
• Design for Shear
• Vu 30.05 ton.
• ? Vc 17.24 ton
• Vu gt ? Vc shear reinforcement required
• for Av/S 0.067
• SAv/(Av/S) 1.57/0.067 23.43 cm lt max d/2
  26.5
• Use 1?10/20 cm
• For Av/S 0.120
• S 1.57/0.120 13.1 cm lt max
• Use 1?10/13 cm

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Column Design
• Columns are structural elements used primarily
  to support axial compressive loads, that coming
  from slabs or beams above.
• Practically columns are subjected not to axial
  loads but also to moment from direct loading or
  end rotation.

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Column 26
• Pu (57.64)(4) 230.56 ton.(57.64 reaction
  from SAP2000)
• Assume dimension (40cmX60cm)
• r (0.3)(0.6) 0.18
• Kl/r(1)(3.65)/0.18 20.28 34.
• So its short column.
• Assume ? ?min 1
• Ag (0.4)(0.6) 0.24m2.
• ? Pn 304.46 ton 230.56 ton. ?so the column
  is safe to carry axial load.

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Chapter Two
Preliminary Design

• Column 26
• Check for buckling
• ? Pcr (0.7)(p2)(20)(105)(0.4)(0.6)(0.43)/(12)
  /((1)(3.65))2
• ? Pcr 1327 ton 230.56 ton. ? ok
• As (0.01)(60)(40) 24cm2.
• use 12 ? 16, Figure 2.12
• Shear reinforcement
• ties spacing lt 30cm
• lt(16)(1.6)25.6cm
• lt(48)(1)48cm
• Use 2 ?/25cm.

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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design

• General
• This chapter includes 3D model for the first and
  second block in the project. The sections for
  slabs, beams, and columns are defined.
• Structural analysis comprises of set of physical
  and mathematical laws required to study and
  predict the behavior of structures under a given
  set of actions. The structural analysis of the
  model is aimed to determine the external
  reactions at the supports and the internal forces
  like bending moments, shear forces, and normal
  forces for the different members. Theses internal
  member forces are used to design the cross
  section of three elements.

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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Property/Stiffness Modification Factors
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
One way slab system(y-direction)   Membrane
f11modifier(A2/A3) 0.044/0.22 0.2 Membrane
f22 modifier (A1/A3) 0.092/0.22
0.418 Membrane f12 modifier (A2/A3)
0.044/0.22 0.2 Bending m11 modifier 0.25(
I2/ I3) 0.25(2.3467e-5/2.933e-3)
0.002 Bending m22 modifier 0.25( I1/ I3)
0.25(2.3467e-5/2.933e-3) 0.139 Bending m12
modifier 0.25( I2/ I3) 0.25(2.3467e-5/2.933e
-3) 0.002 Shear v13 modifier (A2/A3)
0.044/0.22 0.2 Shear v23 modifier (A1/A3)
0.092/0.22 0.4 18 Mass m modifier (M 1 way
rib / M solid) (0.7/1) 0.7 Weight w modifier
(9.81M 1 way rib/ 9.81M solid) (0.7/1) 0.7
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Check equilibrium Block one The total
building dead load 6920.94ton The total
building live load 1235.132ton    From SAP2000
total dead load 6781.38ton Total live
load 1230.26ton Error in dead load2.02 lt
5 ok. Error in live load 0.40 lt 5
ok.
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Check equilibrium Block Two The total
building dead load 7789.2ton The total
building live load 1374.6 ton    From SAP2000
total dead load 7612.3ton Total live
load 1372.73ton Error in dead load2.27 lt
5 ok. Error in live load 0.17 lt 5
ok.
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Compatibility check
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Compatibility check
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Footing Footings are defined as the
substructure whose function is to transmit safely
the concentrated column or wall reactions to the
soil stratum. footings which used in this project
can be classified into the following types 1)
Isolated footing they have rectangular, square,
or circular shape. This type of footing is used
for small loads, and/or large soil allowable
bearing capacity. 2) Combined footing it is
used to connect two columns if columns are very
close to each other, or to connect edge column
with interior column to have uniform pressure
footing. 3) Wall footing it is a continuous
footing along the length of the wall.
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Design Of Shear Walls ?Shear walls are vertical
elements of the horizontal force resisting
system Shear walls should be located on each
level of the structure, to form an effective box
structure, equal length shear walls are preferred
to be placed symmetrically on all exterior walls
of the building. Shear walls must provide the
necessary lateral strength to resist horizontal
earthquake forces. When shear walls are strong
enough, they will transfer these horizontal
forces to the next element in the load path below
them.
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Shear wall (SW 6) Vertical reinforcement Pu
300 ton, Mu 1150 ton.m ?min 0.0012 , h 8.1
m , b 0.2 m. As min 19.44 cm2 As min for each
face 19.44/2 9.72 cm2 Use 1 ?12 / 25
cm. Horizontal reinforcement ?min 0.002 , h
8.1 m , b 0.2 m. As min 32.4 cm2 As min for
each face 32.4/2 16.2 cm2 Use 1 ?12 / 25
cm. As result, for all shear walls Vertical
reinforcement Use 1 ?12 / 25 cm. Horizontal
reinforcement Use 1 ?12 / 25 cm
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Design Of Stairs In this section stairs was
designed, started by estimating the dead load and
live load for this stairs, then performed and
analyzed as simply model by SAP2000 program and
took the deflection, shear and moment on
it. Thickness of slab One end continuous t
L/24 t 4.7/24 0.196 m, use 20 cm thickness
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
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Chapter Three Three Dimensional Structural
Analysis and Design
Section A-A reinforcement
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Thanks for listening