FIVE FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE

1
FIVE FUNCTIONS OF LANGUAGE

• Informational (to convey information)
• Expressive (to express emotions)
• Directive (to give orders, commands)
• Aesthetic (to create artistic effect)
• Phatic (to maintain social bonds)

2
Purr words

• Democratic,
• freedom,
• human rights,
• fatherland,
• equality.
• e.g.Bushs war against Iraq labelled as
• enduring fredom

3
Euphemism

• ( referring to something offensive or delicate,
  making it sound more pleasant)
• Lavatory privy,water-closet, toilet,
  restroom, comfort station.
• Undeveloped countries
• Developing countries
• Emergent nations

4
Snarl words

• (denigratory words)
• Communist,
• Fascist,
• Nigger,
• Yank,
• jap,
• red

5
Conceptual engineering

• Violence because of its bad associations, any
  public justification of political activities
  which lead to physical force must maintain the
  thesis that our actions are not violent, so
  other words are used, such as
• force
• military action

6

• Directive language (directing or influencing the
  behaviour of others as in propaganda)
  capitalizes on the affective and associative
  power of words, with the result that conceptual
  meaning is manipulated.

7
Sociolinguistics

• Ethnolinguistics
• Anthropological linguistics
• Sociological liguistics
• Stylistics
• Social psychology

8
Sociolinguistics

• It studies languages structure changes in
  response to its different social functions.
• Race
• Nationality
• Regional,social polit. groups
• Interactions of individuals within groups.

9
Ethnolinguistics

• It refers to the problems of ethnic groups.
• It deals with the liguistic consequences of
  immigration.

10

• Anthropological linguistics (studying primitive
  cultures).
• Sociological linguistics (studying more
  advanced political political units).

11
Stylistics

• Distinctive linguistic characteristics of small
  social groups, literary expression of a community.

12
Psycholinguistics

• Language acquisition in children.
• Language pathology
• Speech disability
• Doctor-patient, or nurse-patient relationship
• Business management (absence of effective
  communication between employers and staff lead to
  trouble).