el arte tradicional

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el arte tradicional America Latina
de
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Dominican Republic
Government and development agencies are
encouraging arts and crafts Some campesinos are
involved in retaining their heritage by
continuing to create pottery for household use
and as a decorative art Ceramics include lamp
bases, vases, ashtrays, nativity scenes,
decorative plates, candle holders, and
doll-making Woodcarving out of biguero/calabash
tree into lacquered purses, rounded mulatto
faces, fish, Spanish maracas, and guiros (a
merengue instrument) Weavers use local fibers
including palm leaves to make baskets, straw
hats, hammock ties, floor mats and
rugs Jewelry-making with amber, larimar,
seashells, tortoiseshells, bone and coral
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Cuba
Gigantic paintings in strong primary colors are
rendered by artists on limestone caves.
Prehistoric paintings have been found in these
caves and the rock painting serves to highlight
their existence
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Belize
Garifuna formerly called Black Caribs, descend
from the Carib Indians and Africans in the
eastern Caribbean in the 18th century Fight the
influence of the British and Americas Much of the
craft industry is for tourists Many of the
traditional crafts have been revived or
maintained and many new ones have been
developed Mayan weavers make baskets, bags, and
hammocks Carving materials include the nut of
the cohune palm, coconut shell, and
slate Ceramics motifs from nature and Mayan
art Musical Instruments Garifuna and Creole
drums Dolls adult black women dressed in their
finest clothes or performing a domestic
task Mennonites wooden furniture
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Ecuador
PANAMA HATS Most famous craft which is made in
Ecuador not Panama. They got the name in the
1850s when gold miners returning from Central
America to New York mistakenly said their elegant
straw hats came from Panama. They next came to
notice of the public when U.S. soldiers wore them
at the end of the 19th century. They are made
from toquilla straw, which has to be boiled and
dried before it can be woven. A good Panama, or
superfino, takes three months to make and will
cost 1,000 in Paris, London, or
New York, yet the weavers receive only a tiny
fraction of that sum. The end of the 150 year
tradition may be in sight as the hats are
declining in popularity.
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Ecuador
Weaving and the textile business which has become
a largescale buisess with factories and electric
looms that produce hundres of pieces a day is key
to the success for the Indigenous group -
Otavaleño Producing - Ponchos, tapestry wall
hangings, embroidered blouses, dresses, gloves,
socks, blankets, caps, belts, shawls, scarves,
capes, and bulky sweaters Hammocks and baskets
are sold by the Cayapas or Chachi indigenous
group near the coast Baskets and clay pots are
made by the Amazon people the Shaur people make
ones with fine, intricately decorated geometric
designs. The Canelos women make ones with designs
depicting aspects of their life and mythology
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Peru
Retablos are wooden boxes filled with brightly
colored figures arranged into intricate narrative
scenes of religious, historical and everyday
events important to the indigenous people of the
highlands of Peru."Santero boxes" originated in
Europe and came to Peru with the Spanish
Conquistadors in the 16th century. Before
bringing them to Peru, the boxes were used as
portable altars by medieval travelers and
pilgrims and were carried by soldiers into battle
during the Crusades. In Peru, they were used by
the Spanish evangelists to teach the Catholic
faith to the native "infidels". The costumbristas
depict the traditional festivals of the
indigenous people such as Holy Week in Ayacucho,
the branding of the bulls, bullfights, the Dance
of the Scissors, the hunting of the condor, and
Nativity crèches. They also depict scenes from
daily life such as craftsmen weaving, making hats
And musical instruments market scenes and
healing ceremonies.The testimonials tell the
story of the social and political changes that
the Ayacucho region has suffered in the last
fifteen years. One of the most common themes is
that of terrorism, showing scenes of slaughter of
peasants, armed fights, the Shining Path (Sendero
Luminoso) guerrillas, and the army.
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Bolivia
Weaving is central to life in Bolivia Native
American families weave their own cloth, designs
and patterns have particular significance to the
family, community, or the gods Ponchos Dark
maroon to wine colors are for daily use, black
for mourning, and bright stripes for
fiestas Different regions have different styles
Potolo
weavings depict birds like the Andean condor
Candelaria weavings are decorated with designs
of tiny horses Good weavings are prized
Traditionally
they were given to the Inca emperor, and today
they decorate statues of the village patron
saint. Young women
who make fine cloth are sought after as brides,
as their skills are highly valued.
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Paraguay
Handicrafts of carved bowls, plates, furniture,
and other items. The woods of the dry Chaco are
hard with a fine grain. Some are very dense, and
some have subtle colors. One, the quebracho,
meaning ax breaker, is extremely hard. Ñanduti
is lace made by the women of the town of
Itaugua. The art was brought from Spain, but the
designs are mostly Paraguayan. Most of the women
of the area are working in this trade. Womens
head coverings or Mantillas and colorful
tablecloths and napkins are some of the items
these women create.
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Chile
Handicrats pottery, baskets, carvings,
weavings Arpillera a plain piece of cloth onto
which scraps of material are embroidered to
create pictures and patterns. They were first
made by a group of women whose men folk had been
persecuted by the military regime. It was a way
of earning some money and of protesting against
the government. The idea caught on, but now
everyday scenes are equally popular. A good one
can take up to a year to make. Mapuche Indians
add to their income by making finely crafted
silver jewelry, pottery, and hand woven ponchos,
sweaters for sale in the local markets Chilote
Island people (Chilotes) women weave blankets,
ponchos, socks, and scarves for the markets
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Mexico
As Mexican eat, dress, play, or pray they use
replicas of the crafts used by their
ancestors Ancient Indian traditions are still
followed Pottery major activity, done by hand,
without a wheel. Weaving done on a back strap
loom. Clothing Huipils long embroidered
dresses long blouses quexquemetls or
ponchos capes Wool Spanish influence by
introducing sheep Serapes / blankets and rebozos
/ shawls
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Mexico
Local crafts are sold in bustling bazaars and
street markets everywhere in Mexico.
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Nicaragua
Passed down from the Nicarao Indians Weaving,
Macrame knotting strings and ropes for
decorative designs, Hammocks, Ceramics Musical
Instruments Marimba - like a xylophone, Maracas,
Chirimia like a clarinet
Recent development Mural Painting show
political messages and historical events
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Venezuela
Forest Woods are used to make handicrafts
including carved models of birds, fish, and other
animals for the tourists The Moriche Palm is used
to
make baskets by the Warao
people. They dye
the fibers
with extracts of nuts and seeds

and the bark of various trees.
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Colombia
Tribes of the Choco make baskets, and etch
designs on gourds that are used as containers,
carve figurines, make flutes and drums
Pasto patterns an art form practiced by the
Pasto Indians, a pasto lacquer is a fine, very
glossy, and hard-wearing layer that is applied to
painted goods, such as wooden pots, tabletops,
and stools. A natural resin the material is
prepared from the fruit of the mopa-mopa, a plant
of the same family as coffee. The sticky kernel
of the fruit is chewed until it becomes a black
paste, then spread into very thin sheets that are
laid on the object being decorated. Patterns are
then cut out of the paste, allowing the colored
paint underneath to show through. The paste
sticks firmly
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Colombia
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Brazil
Red Clan Warrior by Neival Lima
Spotted Jaguar by Marcilio Barroco

Devilby Marcilio Barroco
Countryside by Elenice
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Brazil
Happy Childhood by Ricardo Siccuro
Enjoying the Music II by W. Lima
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Puerto Rico
Shaped by Taino, Spanish and African heritage and
American influence
Masks
Veigante
made from coconut or wood for Lent originally in
shape of devils head to scare local people into
repenting, now made in shape of animal heads for
tourists Tatting

Twine patterned together to have a lace like
effect. Hammocks (orginally created by the Taino
people) are decorated with it. As a border it is
called mundillos. Done in northwest coast in
Aguadilla. Traditianal pava hat worn by jibaros
is also made there. Musical Instruments

Tres, cuatro, seis guitars with 3, 4, and 6
strings percussion
insturments quiros (rattle), claves,
guiro Saint Carving santos every family owns
many, every saint in Christianity represented on
the island Leather working learned from the
Spanish serves tourist industry
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El Salvador
Folk art plays a central role among the
Indians Musical instruments, pottery vessels,
stone sculptures, architectural ornaments, and
jewelry are from ancient Mayan craftsmen Ilobasco
famous for its intricate ceramics and sorpresas,
tiny clay figures and nativity scenes hidden
inside walnut-sized oval shells Nahuizalco
specializes in basketry San Sebastians known for
colorful hammocks and other woven textiles made
on handmade wooden looms
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Costa Rica
Remnants of Pre-Colombian artifacts are
scarce Carreta / Oxcart best-known example of
Costa Rican folk art Colorful designs (geometric
patterns, starburts designs, black and white
accents, intricate flowers, leaves, vegetables,
faces, landscapes) and brightly painted wheels,
originally used to transport coffee beans over
the mountain roads for export at the ports. The
journey took 10 to 15 days. During the rainy
season carts would get caught in the mud. People
made a solid wheel without spokes. A wife of a
cartmaker in San Ramon decorated the first
carreta around the turn of the century. The idea
became a popular custom.
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Honduras
Mayan artifacts Common crafts Small wooden or
claw hollow animals such as chickens, pigs, dogs,
macaws, and other birds that are brightly painted
and have intricate designs. Another version of it
is as a bank that has to be smashed to get the
money out of it. Vases, handwoven grass bead
baskets and laundry baskets Garifuna weave a
special sleeping mat from a long, slender grass
called nea. Woodcarving has been made into a fine
art with furniture such as coffee tables, mirror
frames, and trunks taking on deep-relief carvings
of the village streets, flowers, and marine
life All social classes are involved in making
arts and crafts for gift giving
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Panama
Influences come from Spanish, African, North
American, and West Indies. Much of the oldest and
riches art might be buried at sea when Columbus
had four ships sink carrying treasures to
Spain. Molas / Cloth Cuna Indians make
beautiful intricately appliquéd panels. They have
been making them for hundreds of years. Today
used for blouses, cushions, and wall coverings.
Layers of cloth are basted together. They cut
away some sections to reveal material underneath
and add pieces to it. Buses Panamanians
purchase yellow school buses from the U.S. since
WWII and turn them into wonderfully decorated
modes of transportation buried under layers of
paint. They paint long images such as a mermaid,
a panoramic scene, or a dragon on the side of the
bus. The rear door is where the artist devotes
most of the time, it is the heart of the the work.