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Singapore 2000

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18.2 M cm ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Singapore 2000


1
????
2
??
  • ???????????,????????18.2 MO.cm??,?????????????????
    ????????????,????????????????????????,????????,???
    ?????????????

3
???
  • ??????????????RO??????????,??????????????,???????
    ????,?????? 18.2M?cm(25?)??,????????

4
???????
  • ??????????????????,????????????,??????????,?????
    ????????????????????????,?????????????????,?????
    ????????
  • ??????µS/cm(micro Siemens per centimeter)
  • ??????M?cm(mega ohm-centimeter)

5
??????????
6
?????
  • ???
  • ???
  • ???
  • ???
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ??

7
?????
  • ???
  • ??????????
  • ?????????
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ???TDS????/?????

8
?????
  • ???????
  • ?????????????
  • ?????????????

1 ______________ ???
  • ???
  • 0.055 microsiemens (µS/cm) 18.2 megohm (M?-cm)

9
?????
  • ???
  • ???????????
  • ?????
  • ?????,???????
  • ?????????-TOC
  • -HPLC
  • -Oxygen Absorbed

10
?????
  • ???
  • ???????????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????
  • ?????????
  • ????????????? (cfu/ml)

11
Procaryonts Some Typical Forms of Eubacteria
12
?????
  • ???
  • ??????,?????,?????????
  • ??????????
  • ??????????
  • ????????????? (LAL test)

13
?????
  • ?????
  • ??? CO2 , O2 ? Cl2
  • CO2 ? O2 ???????????????,PH????
  • Cl2 ????????
  • ??????

14
?????
  • ????
  • ???? (1 µm upwards)
  • ????????
  • ?????????

15
?????
  • ??
  • ????????????
  • ??????,?,?,?
  • ????? (lt0.1 µ m)
  • ????????
  • ?? Fouling Index test ??

16
??????
  • ???
  • ???
  • ???
  • ????
  • ???,????????
  • UV????????

17
??????
??????????????
???????????????????????
18
Pure water technologies
deionisation
19
Pure water technologies
ion exchange
Na
20
Pure water technologies
ion exchange
21
(No Transcript)
22
??????
  • ???????
  • ??????? ?????1-10M?-cm
  • ??????? ????? 50 - 10 µS/cm ??????? CO2
  • ???????? ????? 10 - 18 MO-cm

23
??????
?????
  • ???????
  • ????????????????
  • ??????????
  • ??????-?,?????

24
??????
??????
  • ?????????? (95-98)
  • ?????????? (99)
  • ??????? (99)
  • ?????????

25
Osmosis a Natural Process
Semi permeable membrane
Water containing salts
Pure water
26
Reverse Osmosis (RO)Pressure Driven Deionisation
Membrane barrier
27
Pure water technologies
reverse osmosis
28
??????
  • Elga ??????RO?
  • ??????????
  • ??????? 4 Bar (60 psi) _at_ 250C inlet
  • ???????? - 1000 ppm TDS - lt0.5 ppm
    Free chlorine - lt 10 Fouling Index

29
??????

???
???????????
30
??????
????
  • ????????????
  • ????????
  • ??????, ????.

31
Pure water technologies
Organic adsorption
32
??????
??????
  • ??? (??, ??? ?)
  • Pyrolised?? (???)
  • ?? (Absorb)

33
??????
??????
  • ????????????????
  • ??van der Waals????

34
??????
????
  • ???????????????
  • ?????????????

????
  • ??????????, ?????

35
??????
???
???????????????
36
??????
filtration
Before filtration
After filtration
37
??????
??
  • ?????????????
  • ????????1?10 µM
  • ????????

38
??????
pre-filtration
39
??????
????
  • ??????????
  • ???? lt 1 µM
  • ?????

40
??????
????
  • ??????????
  • ?????????????? 0.05 µM
  • ????

41
??????
????
42
??????
???
  • ??????( pyrogenic material) ????( endotoxins)
  • ????? 5000 10000?????
  • ????

43
??????
????
  • ??????????????????
  • ??????????????
  • ????

44
??????
  • ???
  • ??????
  • 254nm ??
  • 185nm ??????TOC

45
??????
  • 254 nm ??
  • ????? DNA
  • ??????
  • ?????? lt 1 cfu/ml

46
??????
  • 185 nm ??
  • ?????
  • ????????
  • ???????????????

47
??????
uv photosterilisation
254nm
48
??????
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