HINDUISM: THE BHAKTI MOVEMENT

1
HINDUISM THE BHAKTI MOVEMENT

• RS 390
• WEEK 3
• DR. DORIS R. JAKOBSH

2
BHAKTI

• Love of God, surrender to the guru and/or to the
  chosen deity
• FOCUS ON DEVOTION

3
BHAKTI MOVEMENT

• 1st wave - began in South India in the 6th C. CE
• 2nd wave North India by 13th C. CE

4
POET-SAINTS

• All levels of society thus not caste bound
• Women and men
• Vernacular languages vs. Sanskrit
• popular religious world

5
LATE MEDIEVAL BHAKTI

• Influenced by South Indian Bhakti
• AND
• Islam Mughal rule 1211 Delhi Sultanate
  established

6
BHAKTI PATH

• ONLY PATH THAT MATTERED
• COMPLETE AND UTTER DEVOTION TO GOD

7
TWO FORMS

• SAGUNA BHAKTI God with attributes
• NIRGUNA BHAKTI God without attributes

8
Saguna Bhakta - MIRABAI

• http//www.syda.org/community/families/
  tales_2000/mirabai/1.html

9
Caturvedi, no. 27, Mirabai

• Sister, I had a dream that I wed
• the Lord of those who live in need
• Five hundred sixty thousand people came
• and the Lord of Braj Krishna was the groom.
• In dream they set up a wedding arch
• in dream he grasped my hand
• in dream he led me around the wedding fire
• and I became unshakably his bride.
• Miras been granted her mountain-lifting Lord
• from living past lives, a prize.

10
INDIAN BHAKTI POETRY

• ON THE WEB
• http//wtfaculty.wtamu.edu/jrothfork/eng203_ind_p
  oem.htm

11
NIRGUNA BHAKTI - KABIR

• Does Khuda live in the mosque?
• The One who lives everywhere?
• Is Ram in idols and holy ground?
• Have you looked and found him there?
• Hari in the East, Allah in the West
• So you like to dream.
• Search in the heart, in the heart alone
• There live Ram and Karim.

12
The Bhakti Path - Kabir

• The truth is you turned away yourself,and
  decided to go into the dark alone.Now you are
  tangled up in others, and have forgotten
  what      you once knew,and that is why
  everything you do has some weird failure in it.
• Are you looking for me?  I am in the next
  seat.My shoulder is against yours.You will not
  find me in stupas, not in Indian shrine
  rooms,      nor in synagogues, nor in
  cathedralsnot in masses, nor kirtans, not in
  legs winding around your      own neck, nor in
  eating nothing but vegetables.When you really
  look for me, you will see me instantly --you
  will find me in the tiniest house of time.Kabir
  says Student, tell , what is God?He is the
  breath inside the breath.
• http//wtfaculty.wtamu.edu/jrothfork/eng203_ind_p
  oem.htm

13
Nirguna Bhaktas The Path

• - Satsang company of other bhaktas
• Kirtan singing hymns of praise
• Rejecting rituals
• Rejecting traditional scripture
• Rejecting sacred language, i.e., Sanskrit
  instead focused on the vernaculars
• Rejecting notion of duty-bound yoga (karma
  yoga)
• The Name of God - repeated

14
HINDU WORSHIP

• Temple
• Domestic home shrine
• Nature worship

15
DOMESTIC WORSHIP
16
DOMESTIC WORSHIP
17
DOMESTIC SHRINE
18
INSIDE SHRINE
19
DOMESTIC WORSHIP
20
YOGA
Verses 37-38 from Vivekachudamani of Adi Shankara
Salutation to thee, O Lord, full of
compassion. O friend of those who bend before
thee, I have fallen into the ocean of birth and
rebirth. Rescue me by thy never failing glance
which rains the ambrosia of sincerity and mercy.
Protect me...since no other refuge do I know.
http//www.geocities.com/RodeoDrive/1415/index1.ht
ml
21
TEMPLE WORSHIP

• Garbha-griha womb house inner sanctum
• Murti temple icon/image
• i.e. Shiva lingam
• i.e. image of Vishnu avatar
• i.e., - Durga murti

22
DURGA MURTI
23
GANESHA MURTI
http//www.geocities.com/RodeoDrive/1415/index.htm
l
24
TEMPLE WORSHIP DURGA
25
VISHNU TEMPLE
26
SHIVA LINGAM
27
WOMAN TEMPLE PUJA
28
HINDU RITUALS
29
OFFERINGS FOR TEMPLE PUJA
30
ARTISTIC FORMS OF DEVOTION RANGOLI
THE PAINTED PRAYERS OF INDIA
31
RANGOLI - ANIMATION
32
DEVOTION 1001 PETALLED LOTUS (VRAT)
33
VOW SHAVED HEAD
34
PROCESSIONS
35
WOMEN PROCESSION, GANGAUR, GODDESS GAURI