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Using Adjectives and Adverbs Correctly

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Hopefully, it won t rain (an adverb explains how something will happen I hope that it won t rain Don t use needless adverbs Before using any of these words, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Using Adjectives and Adverbs Correctly


1
Using Adjectives and Adverbs Correctly
2
What are adjectives?
  • Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns
  • These words are all adjectives
  • A hot day
  • A happy camper
  • A silly twit
  • A big, bloody mess (both big and bloody
    modify mess)
  • She is creative (creative is a subject
    complement that follows the linking verb is)
  • A boring course (present participle used as an
    adjective

3
So what are adverbs?
  • Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives and other
    adverbs
  • Many adverbs end with ly
  • Many adverbs answer the question How?
  • These are adverbs
  • Eating quickly (modifying a verb)
  • Trying very hard (modifying an adverb)
  • A really big show (modifying an adjective)

4
Recognizing Adjectives Adverbs
  • Many words have both an adjective and adverb form

5
Comparatives and Superlatives
  • Most adverbs and adjectives also have a
    comparative and superlative form
  • Use the comparative form to compare two things
  • Sally is the larger of the twins (not largest)
  • Use the superlative form to compare three or more
  • August was the hottest month of the year

6
Double Comparatives
  • Dont use more or most with er or est
  • Yesterday was more hotter than today
  • That was the most dirtiest story I ever heard
  • You are the bestest teacher

7
Absolute Concepts
  • Dont use comparatives or superlatives with
    absolute concepts
  • Absolutes have only two possibilities, on or off,
    yes or no, with nothing in between
  • The most perfect student in the class
  • A very unique idea (say very unusual instead)
  • These words express absolute concepts that cannot
    be modified

8
Dont use adjectives when adverbs are needed
  • You did a real nice job
  • (an adjective cant modify another adjective)
  • You did a really nice job
  • (the adverb really modifies nice)
  • He did good
  • He did well or
  • He did a good job
  • Fuel injection helps the car run efficient
  • Fuel injection helps the car run efficiently
  • Come quick!
  • Come quickly!
  • Hopefully, it wont rain
  • (an adverb explains how something will happen
  • I hope that it wont rain

9
Dont use needless adverbs
  • Before using any of these words, check to see if
    they add anything to the sentence
  • Really, very, absolutely, extremely, quite,
    actually, somewhat, rather
  • I am really happy to see you
  • Grammar is very boring
  • You are absolutely correct
  • Her language was extremely crude
  • You are quite intelligent
  • Context will help you decide whether to retain
    the underlined words
  • Keep them only if they add to the meaning
  • Bill Gates is very rich. I hope he gives me some
    money.
  • Most college instructors are poor their students
    are very poor.
  • Note the terms good success and real good
    success have been reserved for sports
    broadcasters do not use them

10
Compound Adjectives
  • Two or more adjectives often appear together
    separated with commas
  • Brads tiny, tight swimsuit showed off his hairy
    belly
  • The words tiny and tight each work separately
    to modify swimsuit
  • Connect the words with a hyphen when they
    function together before a noun
  • Brads gold-plated piercings stood out against
    his bright-red sunburn
  • Gold-plated and bright-red are compound
    adjectives

11
Compound Adjectives
  • Do not hyphenate the words when they come after
    the noun they modify
  • Notice the difference in these examples
  • Brad was well known along the boardwalk (no
    hyphen)
  • His SUV was fully equipped
  • Brad worked full time on his tan
  • Brad was a well-known jerk (hyphenated)
  • He drove a fully-equipped SUV
  • Brad was a full-time chick magnet

12
Misplaced Modifiers
  • Put adjectives and adverbs close to the words
    they modify
  • Notice how the meaning is affected by the
    improper placement
  • An old pile of clothes is on the floor
  • A pile of old clothes is on the floor
  • I almost believe you are finished
  • I believe you are almost finished
  • The winners will only be contacted
  • Only the winners will be contacted
  • I cant quite do this as well as Fred
  • I cant do this quite as well as Fred

13
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