Electrical System

1
Electrical System

• Intro to Automotives

2
Basics of Electricity

• Definition
• The movement of electrons in a conductor.

3
Terms

• Voltage
• Is the electrical pressure that causes current
  to flow.
• Current
• The quantity of electrons moving through a
  conductor.
• Resistance
• Is measured in ohms, usually the load, such as a
  light.
• OHMS LAW
• Voltage Current X Resistance

4
Starting System
5
Battery

• Stores Chemical Energy
• Supply electrical energy to the starter
• Supplement the alternator
• Lights
• Radio
• Etc.

6
Key Switch

• Connects or disconnects electrical current from
  flowing.
• Completes the circuit to the solenoid starter

7
Solenoid

• Electrical Switch
• Changes low current to high current

8
Starter

• Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
• Connected to the flywheel gears, which is
  connected to the crankshaft, which moves the
  pistons

9
Neutral Safety Switch

• Keeps vehicle from starting while in gear
• Allows current to flow in starting system when in
  PARK

10
Common Starting System Problems

• Bad/Worn out starter or solenoid
• Dead Battery
• Short circuited or broken wire

11
Charging System
12
Charging System

• The reverse of the starting system
• Recharges the battery
• Energy Conversion
• Consists of four (4) main components

13
Drive Belt

• Connects crankshaft to Alternator
• Sometimes connected to
• Power steering pump
• Water pump
• Air conditioning
• 2 types of belts
• Serpentine
• V- belts

14
Serpentine Belt

• Multi-ribbed
• Grooves run parallel
• Replace every 50,000 miles

15
V-belts

• Usually narrow
• Cross-section looks like a V
• Replace every 25,000 miles

16
Alternator

• Converts mechanical energy to electric energy
• Does both AC DC

17
Battery

• Stores Chemical Energy
• 12-volt DC
• Converts electrical energy to chemical energy
• Supplements the alternator
• Lights
• Radio
• Etc.

18
Voltage Regulator

• Located in or near the alternator
• Regulates the Voltage
• Should be about 14.5 volts while the engine is
  running

19
Other Component Information
20
Fuses

• Located in the junction block
• Rated in Amps 5,10, 15, etc
• 2 types of fuzzes
• Glass Cylinder
• Blade

21
Headlights

• Headlights
• Sealed Beam
• Composite
• Halogen
• Filled with gas

22
Electrical System

• Questions/Discussion