SAP BC400

1
SAP BC400

• ??? IS?
• ???

2
? ?

• 1. System Architecture, Syntax 3
• 2. ?? ?? 10
• 3. ?? ?? 14
• 4. Full Source Code 48
• 5. Subroutine 51
• 6. TABLE JOIN 57

3
1. System Architecture, Syntax
4
System Architecture

• 3 Tier ??
• Presentation Layer
• Application Layer
• DB Layer
• MS
• Dispatcher ?? ??
• Dispatcher
• ??? WP? ??
• Work Process
• ?? ??

5
ABAP Program
1.????
2.F8(??)
6.Write?
5.Itab? ??
3.WP?? ???? ??
4. DB ?? ???
6
Interaction Between Server Layers
Load-of-program. Initialization.
START-OF-SELECTION. END-OF-SELECTION.
Select, Insert ? SQL?
Write? ? ???
7
Activate

• Saved Program
• Saved ? Activate?? ??? ????? Save ? ?? ???
  ????? Activate ? ?? Execute??.
• ?? ? Activate ??
• Activate
• Save
• Check
• Activate
• Activate? ????.

8
General ABAP Syntax I

• Data??
• SELECT ENDSELECT
• DB?? ??? ?? DATA? WA_SCARR? ???.
• NEW-LINE. (???)
• wa_scarr-carrid ? 2? ?? ??.
• . (???)

9
General ABAP Syntax II
Line ?? line ??? ?? ???? ??? ???
, , ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??.(??
WRITE)
10
2. ?? ??
11
?? ??
12
?? ??
13
Double Click
14

• 3. ?? ??
• Data ??, 15
• Local Global Data Type 16
• Dictionary 17
• Structure, Work area Internal Table 19
• Assignments 24
• Event ?? 26
• gt ?? ?? gt LOAD-OF-PROGRAM. 28
• gt INITIALIZATION. 28
• gt AT SELECTION-SCREEN. 29
• gt ?? ?? gt START-OF-SELECTION. 30
• gt DB ACCESS 31
• gt SYSTEM ?? 38
• gt ?? ?? gt END-OF-SELECTION. 39
• gt ?? ?? gt AT SELECTION-SCREEN. 41
• gt ???, ??? 42
• gt DETAIL LIST 44
• gt HIDE AREA 46
• Source ?? ??

15
Data ??
DATA gv_char(10) TYPE c, Character length 10
gv_numc(4) TYPE n, Numerical Char length 4
gv_pack(5) TYPE p DECIMALS 2, Length
? 5??? ??? 2??(length 5 ??) gv_date TYPE d,
Date (ex)2006.08.27 gv_time TYPE t, Time
(ex)123026 gv_int TYPE i.
??? ?? ??.
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Local Global Data Type

• wa_scarr2 Local Data Type
• ???? ??? ???? Local Data Type
• DATA BEGIN OF wa_scarr2, carrid TYPE
  scarr-carrid, carrname TYPE
  scarr-carrname, END OF wa_scarr2.
• scarr Global Data Type
• ABAP Dictionary? ???? ??? Global Data type
• DATA wa_scarr TYPE scarr.DATA it_scarr LIKE
  TABLE OF wa_scarr.

17
Using Dictionary Elements to Define Data Objects
Within the Program

• Data type ??
• Dictionary ??
• DATA name TYPE dictionary.
• field ??? ?
• Work area ?? ?? ?? Set?? ??.
• Internal Table Work area? set

DATA it_spfli TYPE spfli_tab
Table Type
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Access to Structure Components
Work Area Fieldname ??? Data?? ?? ??
19
Work Area, Internal Table ??
TYPE ABAP Dictionary? ?? ? ??. Like
Program??? ?? ? ?? ???. Dictionary? TYPE??
????? ?? ??. DATA wa_scarr TYPE scarr.
Work areaDATA it_scarr LIKE TABLE OF
wa_scarr. Itab DATA it_scarr TYPE TABLE OF
scarr. Itab DATA wa_scarr LIKE LINE OF
it_scarr. Work area
DATA wa_scarr TYPE s_carr_id. Data
Element,W.A. DATA it_scarr TYPE TABLE OF scarr.
Itab DATA it_scarr TYPE scarr_tab.
Table Type,Itab DATA wa_scarr LIKE LINE OF
it_scarr. Work area
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Internal Table with Header line

• DATA BEGIN OF it_scarr OCCURS 0, carrid
  TYPE scarr-carrid, carrname TYPE
  scarr-carrname, currcode TYPE
  scarr-currcode, url TYPE scarr-url,
  END OF it_scarr.DATA it_scarr2 TYPE TABLE OF
  scarr WITH HEADER LINE.

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Internal Table with Header line

• ??
• ????? 1? ??
• SAP?? 3? ??.
• 1? 2? 3?
• 1?? LOOP At itab ??? INTO itab. ??

1. LOOP AT itab. itab-carrid
itab-carrname. MODIFY itab. CLEAR itab.
ENDLOOP. 2. LOOP AT itab INTO itab.
itab-carrid itab-carrname. MODIFY itab.
CLEAR itab. ENDLOOP.3. LOOP AT itab INTO
wa. wa-carrid wa-carrname. MODIFY wa.
CLEAR wa. ENDLOOP.
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Internal Tables with and Without Header Lines

• ???? ?? Internal Table ?? ??
• Why?
• Class?? ???? ?? Internal Table? ??? ? ??.
• ??? ???? ?? Internal Table Work Area? ?? ??

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Internal Table with Header line
1. 1? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? 2. MODIFY ?? ???
????. 3. 2? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?
MODIFY ?? ?? ??
2
1
24
Value Assignments
carrid1 c_qf
Counter 1??
Field? Initial Value? Clear
25
Copying Structure Components with the Same Name
Corresponding? ?? Field name? ?? ???? Data? ??
?? ?.
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Event ??

• LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
• INITIALIZATION.
• Selection Screen ? PARAMETERS SELECT-OPTIONS?
  ?? ?? ?? ??.
• AT SELECTION-SCREEN
• Selection Screen ? ?? ?? ??
• START-OF-SELECTION.
• Select ?? ??
• END-OF-SELECTION.
• ????? ???.
• AT SELECTION-SCREEN
• ?? ?? ???
• ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???

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?? ??
PARAMETERS pa_scarr TYPE s_carr_id. SELECT-OPTI
ONS so_scarr FOR wa_scarr-carrid. Select-op
tions?? ?? ? so_scarr? sign, option, low, high ??
??? ????? ???Internal table.
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???? ?? ?

• LOAD-OF-PROGRAM. so_scarr-sign 'I'.
  so_scarr-option 'BT'. so_scarr-low
  'AA'. so_scarr-high 'AZ'. APPEND
  so_scarr.
• INITIALIZATION. pa_scarr 'AB'.
• ???? Execute ??? ???? ??? ? ??.

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?? ?? ??

• AT SELECTION-SCREEN. IF pa_scarr 'AA'.
  MESSAGE 'Another value input' TYPE 'E'. ENDIF.
• ?? ?? AA??? ERROR Message

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Dialog Messages

• (?)MESSAGE i001(zm19) WITH es_row e_column.
• ZM19??? ?? ???? message_class? ?????.
• ??? ?? ???? ??? es_row, e_column? ???? ?????.
  ?? 4??? ?????.
• ? ???? ??? ?? ?????.

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???? ?? ??

• START-OF-SELECTION. SELECT FROM scarr
  INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE it_scarr
  WHERE carrid IN so_scarr. IF sy-subrc ltgt '0'.
  STOP. ENDIF.
• Scarr table?? where ??? ???? ???? select??
  it_scarr? ???.
• ??? ???? Data? ??? sy-subrc 0
• ??? sy-subrc 4

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Database Access (Architecture)

• Open SQL
• DB interface? ?? Native SQL? ??
• ?? ?? Table buffer? ??
• SELECT
• Native SQL
• DB? ?? Access DBMS? Dependent
• EXEC. ENDEXEC.

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Database Read Access
34
Reading Single Records

• SELECT SINGLE
• WHERE ??? KEY?? ? ???? DATA ??? ??? ?? ? ??? ??
  ?.
• DATA ??? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???

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Suitable Target Structure for the Field List

• SELECT SINGLE
• SELECT SINGLE ??1, ??2, ??3, ??4, ??5
• ??1, ??2, ??3, ??4, ??5 ??? Work Area? ????.

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Fields in the Target Structure that have the Same
Names as those in the Field List

• SELECT SINGLE INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF
• ?? name? ?? ?? ???? ?? Work area? ????.

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Reading several rows using a loop

• SELECT ENDSELECT
• DB Interface?? ????? Data? ???? ??? ??? ???.
• ??? ???, ???? ???? ??.

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Reading Several Rows Using an Array Fetch

• SELECT INTO TABLE ITAB
• DB Interface?? Table ??? ???? ??? ??? ???.
• Into corresponding fields of table itab ? ??
  fields name? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ??.

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System ??

• sy-subrc
• Select? Data ??? 0, ??? 4
• ? ? true 0, false ltgt 0
• sy-index
• loop counter
• DO. ENDDO. DO n TIMES. ENDDO. WHILE.
  ENDWHILE.
• sy-tabix
• loop counter, LOOP AT itab. ENDLOOP.
• sy-lsind
• ??? ??. BACK ??? ??.
• sy-ucomm
• SCREEN ???? ??? ??? ??? ???
• sy-langu
• ?? ??
• sy-datum
• ?? ??

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?? ??

• END-OF-SELECTION. LOOP AT it_scarr INTO
  wa_scarr. WRITE / wa_scarr-carrid,
  wa_scarr-carrname, wa_scarr-currcode. HIDE
  wa_scarr-carrid, wa_scarr-carrname. CLEAR
  wa_scarr. ENDLOOP.
• START-OF-SELECTION?? ??? ?? ??? ??.
• it_scarr? internal table??? data? ??? ??.
• it_scarr ????? wa_scarr? ??? ??? ????.
• HIDE? ?? ???? AT LINE-SELECTION.?? ?? ???
• ?? ????.

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CLEAR, REFRESH, FREE

• CLEAR ITAB. ??? ???.
• CLEAR ITAB. REFRESH ITAB. ??? ???.
• FREE ITAB. ?? ? ???? ???.
• ??? ??? ???? ITAB? ???? ???.
• CLEAR ??1, ??2, ??3.
• Sort it_sflight by carrid. carrid? it_sflight??

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?? ?? Event

• AT LINE-SELECTION. IF sy-lsind '1'.
  SELECT FROM sflight INTO
  CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE it_sflight
  WHERE carrid wa_scarr-carrid. IF sy-subrc
  '0'. WRITE/ 'New Page Start'. ELSE.
  WRITE/ 'No Data in Database'. ENDIF.
  LOOP AT it_sflight INTO wa_sflight. WRITE
  / wa_sflight-carrid, wa_sflight-connid,
  wa_sflight-fldate, wa_sflight-price.
  CLEAR wa_sflight. ENDLOOP. ENDIF.

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Conditional Branches(???)
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Loops(???)

• Loop Counter
• sy-index
• DO. ENDDO.
• DO n TIMS.
• ENDDO.
• WHILE.
• ENDWHILE.
• sy-tabix
• LOOP AT ltITABgt.
• ENDLOOP.

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Generating a Details List

• AT LINE-SELECTION.
• Double click Event

46
Generating Several Details Lists

• sy-lsind
• 1?? ?? ?? 1? ? ??
• 2?? ??? ?? ?? 1?? ???? ?? ????

1 write
2 ????
7 BACK
4 ????
3 write
6 BACK
5 write
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Buffering Row-Specific Data in the Hide Area

• Hide Area
• Hide ? ?? Data Area? Line? Field name? Value?
  ???? ??.

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Data Flow for the Row Selection

• Hide Area
• Double Click??
• At line-selection.?? ???? Hide ?? ??? ?? ??? ? ??.

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4. Full Source Code
50
Full Source 1/2

• REPORT zabap19_11. Data typeDATA
  gv_char(10) TYPE c, "Character Length
  10 gv_numc(4) TYPE n,
  "Numerical character Length 4 gv_pack(5)
  TYPE p DECIMALS 2, "Packed Number XXX.XX
  gv_date TYPE d, "Date 2006.08.27
  gv_time TYPE t, "Time
  121630 gv_int TYPE i.
  "Integer Local Data TypeDATA BEGIN OF
  wa_scarr2, carrid TYPE scarr-carrid,
  carrname TYPE scarr-carrname, END OF
  wa_scarr2. scarr, sflight Global Data
  TypeDATA wa_scarr TYPE scarr.DATA it_scarr LIKE
  TABLE OF wa_scarr.DATA wa_sflight TYPE
  sflight.DATA it_sflight LIKE TABLE OF
  wa_sflight.PARAMETERS pa_scarr TYPE
  s_carr_id.SELECT-OPTIONS so_scarr FOR
  wa_scarr-carrid.LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
  so_scarr-sign 'I'. so_scarr-option 'BT'.
  so_scarr-low 'AA'. so_scarr-high
  'AZ'. APPEND so_scarr.

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Full Source 2/2

• INITIALIZATION. pa_scarr 'AB'.AT
  SELECTION-SCREEN. IF pa_scarr 'AA'.
  MESSAGE 'Another value input' TYPE 'E'.
  ENDIF.START-OF-SELECTION. SELECT FROM
  scarr INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE
  it_scarr WHERE carrid IN so_scarr. IF
  sy-subrc ltgt '0'. STOP. ENDIF.END-OF-SELECT
  ION. LOOP AT it_scarr INTO wa_scarr. WRITE
  / wa_scarr-carrid, wa_scarr-carrname,
  wa_scarr-currcode. HIDE wa_scarr-carrid,
  wa_scarr-carrname. CLEAR wa_scarr.
  ENDLOOP.AT LINE-SELECTION. IF sy-lsind
  '1'. SELECT FROM sflight INTO
  CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE it_sflight
  WHERE carrid wa_scarr-carrid. IF sy-subrc
  '0'. WRITE/ 'New Page Start'. ELSE.
  WRITE/ 'No Data in Database'. ENDIF.
  LOOP AT it_sflight INTO wa_sflight. WRITE
  / wa_sflight-carrid, wa_sflight-connid,
  wa_sflight-fldate, wa_sflight-price.
  CLEAR wa_sflight. ENDLOOP. ENDIF.

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5. Subroutine
53
Actual Formal parameters
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Call by value, Call by value result, Call by
reference

• Call by value
• ?? ???? ???? ???.
• Call by value and result
• ?? ???? ???? Subroutine? ??? ?? ????.
• Call by reference
• Actual parameter? ??? ????.

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Call by value, Call by value result, Call by
reference

• Call by value
• ?? ???? ???? Subroutine? ??? ???.
• Call by value and result
• ?? ???? ???? Subroutine? ??? ?? ????.
• Call by reference
• Actual parameter? ??? ????.

56
Call by value ? 2? ?? 1/2
REPORT zabap19_13.DATA pv_a(3) TYPE n,
pv_b(3) TYPE n, pv_sum(3) TYPE n.WRITE
/'Initial value ', 50 'a ', pv_a, 'b ',
pv_b, 'sum ', pv_sum.pv_a 1.pv_b
2.PERFORM call_by_value USING pv_a pv_b
pv_sum.WRITE /'Main ', 50 ' a ', pv_a, '
b ', pv_b, ' sum ', pv_sum COLOR 3.WRITE /
'Change call by value but main is not
change.'.PERFORM call_by_value_result CHANGING
pv_a pv_b pv_sum.WRITE /'Main ', 50 ' a ',
pv_a, ' b ', pv_b, ' sum ', pv_sum COLOR
1.WRITE / 'Change after function' COLOR
5.PERFORM call_by_reference USING pv_a pv_b
pv_sum.WRITE /'Main ', 50 ' a ', pv_a, '
b ', pv_b, ' sum ', pv_sum COLOR 4.WRITE /
'Actual parameter Formal parameter' COLOR
5. FORM call_by_value USING value(p_pv_a)
value(p_pv_b)
value(p_pv_sum). WRITE/. WRITE/
' start function '.
WRITE/ 'Call by value Start'. p_pv_sum
p_pv_a p_pv_b. WRITE /'Call by value ', 50
'p_a ', p_pv_a, 'p_b ', p_pv_b,
'p_sum ', p_pv_sum COLOR 3. WRITE /'Call by
value ', 50 ' a ', pv_a, ' b ', pv_b,
' sum ', pv_sum COLOR 3. WRITE/
' end function '.ENDFOR
M. " call_by_value
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Call by value ? 2? ?? 2/2
FORM call_by_value_result CHANGING value(p_pv_a)
value(p_pv_b)

value(p_pv_sum). p_pv_a 10. p_pv_b 20.
WRITE/. WRITE/ ' start function
'. WRITE/ 'Call by value and
result Start'. p_pv_sum p_pv_a p_pv_b.
WRITE /'Call by value result pv_a pv_b pv_sum
', 50 'p_a ', p_pv_a, 'p_b ', p_pv_b,
'p_sum ', p_pv_sum. WRITE /'Call by value
result ', 50 ' a ', pv_a, ' b ', pv_b,
' sum ', pv_sum COLOR 1. WRITE/
' end function '.ENDFOR
M. " call_by_value_result FORM
call_by_reference USING p_pv_a
p_pv_b
p_pv_sum. p_pv_a 100. p_pv_b
200. WRITE/. WRITE/ ' start
function '. WRITE/ 'Call by
reference Start'. p_pv_sum p_pv_a p_pv_b.
WRITE /'Call by reference pv_a pv_b pv_sum
', 50 'p_a ', p_pv_a, 'p_b ', p_pv_b,
'p_sum ', p_pv_sum COLOR 4. WRITE /'Call
by reference ', 50 ' a ', pv_a, ' b ',
pv_b, ' sum ', pv_sum COLOR 4. WRITE/
' end function '.ENDFOR
M. " call_by_reference
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5. TABLE JOIN
59
Example of a Table Join

• inner join
• 2?? Table?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???. 2?? ?????
  ??? ??? ??? ??? ??.
• ???? Mandt, Carrid? ?? ??

60
Implementation Options for Table Joins
?? ? SELECT asabun aname
aparts bparts_area FROM emp AS a
INNER JOIN dep AS b ON aparts bparts
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE
it_people. emp INNER JOIN dep emp ? dep table?
inner join ON aparts bparts ??? ??? ?? ?