Reconstruction Abandoned,

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CHAPTER 16

• Reconstruction Abandoned,
• 1867 - 1877

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From Johnson to Grant

• Johnson impeded Radical Reconstructionists
• Passed Tenure of Office Act
• Johnson impeached in 1868
• Senate did not have votes, Johnson acquitted
• Secretary of State William Seward negotiates
  purchase of Alaska from Russia
• In 1869, Congress passed the 15th Amendment
• Gave men the right to vote
• Added to Constitution in 1870

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The Grant Era

• Grant Elected in 1968
• Deferred to Congress, gave his cabinet wide
  discretion
• Gold Scandal of 1869
• Divisions in Congress cause Grant problems
• Greenbacks
• Republican party also divided
• Ku Klux Klan actions lead to federal action
• Klan act of 1871
• Transcontinental Railroad completed (1869)
• Munn v. Illinois

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Grant Era (cont.d)

• Grant pursued a peace policy with Indians
• Board of Indian Commissioners
• Systematic destruction of the buffalo led to
  collapse of Plains Indians
• Gold discovered in Black Hills
• Indians faced cruelty and exploitation
• Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull
• Custers Last Stand

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Indian Reservations in the West
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Women in the 1870s

• Womans suffrage issue of 1870s
• Susan B. Anthony
• Victoria Claflin Woodhull
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Voluntary associations emerge as women step up
  efforts for reform
• Temperance movement
• Women enter workforce in greater numbers but are
  relegated to a few professions

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Grant and the 1872 Election

• Grant re-elected in 1872
• Liberal Republicans
• Horace Greeley
• Greeley died after election
• Administration plagued by scandals
• Crédit Mobilier
• Whiskey Ring
• W.W. Belknap
• Gilded Age

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Election of 1872
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Reconstruction in the South
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The Panic of 1873 and Its Consequences

• Northern Pacific Railroad
• Unemployment leads to labor unrest
• Molly Maguires
• Grange becomes main organization for farmers
• Congress railroad regulatory legislation in
  1873-1874
• Grant refuses to heed those calling for currency
  expansion despite economic crisis

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Failure of Reconstruction

• After Panic of 1873, conditions worsened for
  black Americans in the South
• The Nation
• Failure of Freedmans Trust and Savings Company
• First blacks elected to Higher office
• P.B.S. Pinchback
• Hiram Revels
• Redeemed South voted in more Democrats
• 1876 Centennial
• International exhibition
• Alexander Graham Bell

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The Centennial Year

• Grant administration scandals cause trouble for
  Republican party
• Rutherford B. Hayes
• Disputed election of 1876
• Electoral Commission
• Hayes gains a disputed White House
• Political deal brings end to Reconstruction

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Election of 1876
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Discussion Questions

• Evaluate the Grant Administration. Was it a
  successful or failed presidency?
• Did reconstruction succeed of fail in the South?
  What methods did whites use to stay in power?
• What was the grange movement? Was is indicative
  of greater economic and social problems in
  America?
• What was unusual about the Election of 1876? Was
  it a legitimate election? What were the results
  for the nation?