Character Study: The Faces of George Washington Mrs

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Character Study The Faces of George
Washington

• Mrs. Schwedland
• April 9, 2005

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Why study characters?

• To find out everything you can about the
  character
• To understand the character
• To give a colorful vivid picture of the
  character
• To make the character real
• To make the character interesting to the reader

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Aspects of a Character

• Appearance
• Likes dislikes
• Behavior
• Feelings thoughts
• Motivations
• Learnings/Growth
• Life details

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Activity Character Sketch Guidelines

• While teacher presents an example of a character
  study, take notes on the following information
• Name
• Birth/Death Dates
• Where From
• Personality
• 3 Important Things
• How My Character Contributed to the American
  Revolution

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Civilian - General

• Born February 22, 1732 to Augustine Mary (Ball)
  Washington at Wakefield Farm, Westmoreland
  County, Virginia
• Older half brother named Lawrence, whom he went
  to live with at age 11 when his father died
• George is reported to have cut down a cherry tree
  when he was young when asked about it by his
  father, he said I cannot tell a lie
• Little know about his childhood

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Character Study of George Washington
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Civilian - General

• George Washington to Isaac Heard, May 2, 1792, on
  the Washington family genealogy
• Tobias Lear, secretary to Washington, to Clement
  Biddle, February 14, 1790, on the new calendar
  and Washingtons birthday

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Civilian Learned From Lawrence

• How to run a plantation
• About the mathematical study of trigonometry
• How to appreciate music, theater, and books
• How to be a surveyor
• How to create maps
• To love the military service

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Civilian Georges Dreams

• To run his own plantation

• To join the army

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Civilian Surveying

• In the 1700s, there were many disputes about who
  owned what land and where the boundaries were, so
  surveyors were called on to settle these disputes
  created maps
• 1748 at age 16, George went on his first
  surveyors job to spend a month surveying the
  land of a neighbor in the Shenandoah Valley
• 1749 certified as a surveyor given the job of
  surveyor for his country

• Shenandoah, Pa. 1889. Drawn by T. M. Fowler
  Position of Union Army at Cedar Creek. Union
  position and plan of battle in the Robert Knox
  Sneden Diary (Mss51 Sn2371 v. 6, p. 508) Map
  of the Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1864 in the
  Robert Knox Sneden Diary (Mss51 Sn2371 v. 6, p.
  503) Position of Union Army at Cedar Creek.
  Union position and plan of battle in the Robert
  Knox Sneden Diary (Mss51 Sn2371 v. 6, p. 508).

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Civilian Mount Vernon

• 1752 - at age 20 , George inherited Mount Vernon
  after his brothers, Lawrence, death
• 1761 at age 29, sole owner of Mount Vernon
  after Lawrences wifes death

• George Washington's home at Mount Vernon.
  Aquatint by Francis Jukes from Prints and
  Photographs Division, Library of Congress.
  London Pub'd by F. Jukes, 1800. Reproduction
  (bw) LC-USZ62-1237

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Early Military Experiences - General

• Governor of the Virginia colony gave George an
  appointment as the leader of the militia for the
  whole area
• Served in the British army in the French Indian
  War
• Helped to form his ideas about what the colonies
  should do about their future
• George Washington Engraved by John Rogers after
  C.W. Peale, from Prints and Photographs Division,
  Library of Congress. ca. 1860. Reproduction
  (bw) LC-USZ62-112547

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Early Military Experiences Fort Duquesne

• Didnt want to fight a war
• Knew that sometimes you have to be ready to fight
  for what you believe
• 1758 - Sent to Fort Duquesne (now Pittsburgh, PA)
  to tell the French to leave, but they refused
• George went back to his commander, who sent him
  back with 150 soldiers to fight he found he
  enjoyed his 1st battle, though they had to turn
  run for their lives!

• Copy of a sketch of the Monongahela, with the
  field of battle, done by an Indian, Peter Force
  map collection 168, Library of Congress
  Geography and Map Division Washington, D.C.
  20540-4650 USA.

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Early Military Experiences Fort Necessity

• When they ran, George designed and supervised the
  building of a fort named Fort Necessity
• Unfortunately he built the fort in a low area
• When the spring rains came, the whole fort
  flooded
• The men escaped, but ammunition and supplies were
  lost
• GW learned a valuable lesson!

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Early Military Experiences Military Strategies

• British were used to fighting on large, open
  battlefields
• British fired on the enemy from straight lines
• French and Indians were able to hide behind
  trees, then shoot and run
• French and Indians were able to surprise and
  scare troops into scattering to avoid being shot
  like fish in a barrel

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Early Military Experiences Military Strategies

• George was a respected member of the British army
• Became aide to Major-General Edward Braddock
• Made a name for himself as a good soldier
  promoted to colonel by the Virginia governor
• Burgoyne's surrender at Saratoga c1911. 1
  photomechanical print from Prints and
  Photographs Division, Library of Congress.
  Reproduction LC-USZ62-19709(bw film copy
  neg.)

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Marthas Husband

• 1759 met and married Martha Custis, a widow
  with 2 children
• Worked hard improved Mount Vernon at this time
• Became active in local politics
• Enjoyed fox hunting, playing cards, fishing,
  dancing, billiards
• Life of George Washington - The citizen Wedding
  of George Washington and Martha Custis.
  Lithograph from Prints and Photographs Division,
  Library of Congress. Paris Lemercier, c1853.

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Revolutionary

• George returned to his favorite spot, Mount
  Vernon, to become a gentleman farmer
• Colonists set up their own government in
  Williamsburg, VA called the House of Burgesses
  made up rules for colonists to follow, King
  George III had the final say
• 1758 George elected to House of Burgesses
• Anthony Wayne, full-length portrait, standing in
  uniform with horse in front of tents. c1858. 1
  print. Halpin, John, fl. 1849-1867, engraver.
  from Prints and Photographs Division, Library of
  Congress. Reproduction (bw)LC-USZ62-99093

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Revolutionary

• Members of the H of B began to question the
  kings right to tax them, so they wrote to the
  king and sent representatives to see him
• Since the king was not used to being questioned,
  he ignored them, so the colonist began to boycott
  English imports
• Boston Tea Party dumped tea
• George III, King of Great Britain and Ireland
  1802? 1 print. from Prints and Photographs
  Division, Library of Congress. Cromek, R. H.
  (Robert Hartley), 1770-1812, engraver.

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Revolutionary

• King George III could no longer ignore the
  colonists, so he ordered the H of B to be
  disbanded in 1774
• George Washington and other members were sent
  back home unhappy
• Washington passing the Delaware, evening previous
  to the Battle of Trenton, Dec. 25th, 1776 George
  Washington on horseback looking back at troops
  crossing the Delaware River. Engraving
• by George S. Lang from Prints and Photographs
  Division, Library of Congress. Philadelphia
  Samuel
• Augustus Mitchell, 1825. Reproduction (bw)
  LC-USZ62-61047

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Revolutionary

• 1774 George sent to the First Continental
  Congress by colonists to continue to make their
  own decisions anyway
• George came back with a mission to organize
  groups of independent soldiers into militias to
  be elected to the Second Continental Congress

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Revolutionary

• Patriots colonist who wanted to rid themselves
  of British rule
• Loyalists loyal to the king
• George Washington was a patriot
• The Battle of Princeton George Washington on
  horseback during the Battle of Princeton.
  Photograph of painting by John Trumbull from
  Prints and Photographs Division, Library of
  Congress. Springfield, Mass. Taber-Prang Art
  Co., c1900. Reproduction (bw) LC-USZ62-469

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Revolutionary

• 1775 - Second Continental Congress delegates
  felt they needed to be ready for war
• John Adams told the delegates that they need to
  form the Grand American Army with George
  Washington as the leader
• George said yes as long as he was not paid
• A Plan of the entrance of Chesapeak sic Bay,
  with James and York Rivers wherein are shewn the
  respective positions (in the beginning of
  October) 1. of the British Army commanded by Lord
  Cornwallis, at Gloucester and York in Virginia
  2. of the American and French forces under
  General Washington, 3. and of the French fleet
  under Count de Grasse. By an officer. Reference
  LC Maps of North America, 1750-1789, 1464

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General

• After being made the leader, he went to Boston
  where the first shots had been fired
• The British army was the largest, best trained,
  and best supplied army
• George Washington was lucky
• His men won due to fog, finding boats, and
  attacking the British when they were celebrating
• George Washington's Commission as Commander in
  Chief of the Continental Army.

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President

• Video-http//memory.loc.gov/ammem/pihtml/pivid01.h
  tml
• War for independence, Revolutionary War, ended on
  October 19, 1781, where the British troops led by
  George Cornwallis turned their weapons over to
  General George Washington
• George went home to Mount Vernon
• 1787 plans for the new government were not
  going smoothly
• Surrender of Lord Cornwallis between 1900 and
  1912 1 transparency. Trumbull, John, 1756-1843,
  artist. from Prints and Photographs Division,
  Library of Congress. Reproduction
  LC-D415-50235(color glass transparency)

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President

• Articles of Confederation written, but were
  confusing to the colonists
• Summer of 1787 the leaders of the country met
  in Philadelphia and unanimously elected George
  Washington as president of the meeting
• September 17, 1787 Constitution setting the
  guidelines for the government of the USA was
  finished
• Took almost 2 years and 10 extra rules called the
  Bill of Rights for enough states to ratify the
  new Constitution
• Detail of CONVENTION AT PHILADELPHIA. 1787.
  Elkanah Tisdale (b. 1771). Engraving, in A
  History of the United States, 1823. Library of
  Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
  Reproduction (bw) LC-USZ62-92869.

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President

• April 14, 1789 a messenger came to tell George
  Washington that he had been unanimously elected
  as the 1st President of the United States

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President Who did George choose to support his
presidency?

• Alexander Hamilton organize a system of money
  that could be used anywhere in the United States
• Henry Knox take charge of the army navy
• John Adams vice president
• Edmund Randolph attorney general
• Almost 400 people

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President What did he do?

• In charge of the executive branch
• President for 8 years
• September 7, 1796, he bid farewell to the
  presidency
• December 15, 1799, died at the age of 67
• George Washington Papers at the Library of
  Congress, 1741-1799 Series 2 LetterbooksGeorge
  Washington, September 17, 1796, Farewell Address

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Your Mission - Planning

• Choose a notable person during the American
  Revolution (1760 - 1790)
• Get teacher approval
• Go to library research that person using 3
  resources (internet, encyclopedia, book, etc.)
• Draw a web, listing 5 areas of your characters
  life you will be researching
• List each area on a separate page of your
  notebook to take notes

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Your Mission - Research

• Find information from your resources for each of
  these 5 areas
• Take notes
• List resources as you use them on a 6th page
• Meet with teacher to see if you have enough
  information to begin the PowerPoint presentation

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Your Mission How to use PowerPoint (Teacher
Demo)

• Go to Start, Programs, Windows Applications,
  Microsoft Office PowerPoint
• Type your title name
• Click Insert, New Slide
• Type Character Name Character Area 1 in the top
  box
• In box below, type notes on Area 1
• Paste in clipart, photographs, sounds, movies,
  etc.
• Remember to save often!

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Research on the Internet Evaluating Validity of
Information 1

• Go to Martin Luther King website answer these
  questions http//martinlutherking.org/
• BIG IDEA Is this a website with factual
  information?
• Questions to ask - What can the URL tell you?
• Is it somebody's personal page?
• What type of domain does it come from ?
• Is it published by an entity that makes sense?
• More questions to ask
• What can the URL tell you? Who wrote the page?
• Is the page dated? Is it current enough?
• What are the author's credentials on this
  subject?

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Research on the Internet Evaluating Validity of
Information 2

• Questions to ask Look for Indicators of Quality
  Information
• Are sources documented with footnotes or links?
• If reproduced information (from another source),
  is it complete, not altered, not fake or forged?
• Are there links to other resources on the topic?
• Questions to ask What do Others say?
• Who links to the page?
• Is the page listed in one or more reputable
  directories or pages?
• What do others say about the author or
  responsible authoring body?

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Research on the Internet Evaluating Validity of
Information 3

• Questions to ask Does it all add up?
• Why was the page put on the web?
• Might it be ironic? Satire or parody?
• Is it as good as resources I could find if I used
  the library, or some of the web-based indexes
  available through the library, or other print
  resources?

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Your Mission - PowerPoint

• Create a PowerPoint presentation with at least 7
  slides
• The first slide has your title name
• The last slide lists your 3 resources
• Create at least one slide per character aspect
• Include words and primary resources on each slide
  to describe the aspect of your persons character
• You should add clipart, photographs, sounds,
  movies, etc. of primary resources to your
  presentation

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Your Mission - Presentation

• Meet with teacher to get final approval
• Teacher will demonstrate how to put presentation
  on screen to show to class
• Practice, Practice, Practice!!!
• Present to your classmates!