Present Perfect (Presente Perfecto) Form: have + past

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Present Perfect(Presente Perfecto)
Form have past participle (3º columna de
verbos irregulares o terminación ed en los
verbos regulares) has (he/she/it/)
contracciones Ive / youve / hes / shes /
its / weve / theyve Affirmative Interrogati
ve I have gone to London (He ido a
Londres) Have you ever been to China? Yes, I
have He has gone to Brazil (Ha ido a
Brasil) Has she ever seen Troy? No, she
hasnt Negative I havent gone to London He
hasnt gone to Brazil Recuerda gone to (se usa
cuando has ido algún sitio) Hes gone to Brazil
(Ha ido a Brasil) (hes in Brazil
now) been to (cuando has ido y has vuelto de
ese sitio) Ive been to Brazil (He estado en
Brasil)
Activity Try this verbs in affirmative,
negative or interrogative (I) eat Chinese food
(he) visit Morrocco (we) study French
(you) eat snake (she) work
hard (they) smoke
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USES

• Uses El presente perfecto tiene dos usos
  principlamente
• 1. An action that has just finished (acción
  que acaba de terminar hace poco tiempo o en un
  tiempo indeterminado. Con este uso, el verbo se
  traduce exactamente igual que en español)
• e.g. I have lived in London (He vivido en
  Londres) Como se puede ver, no se indica cuándo
  he vivido allí, no se habla de fechas.
• Expresiones de tiempo usadas con este tiempo en
  este uso podrían ser this morning/today
• e.g. I have had a very big breakfast this morning
  (He tomado un gran desayuno esta mañana)
• 2. An action started in the past and
  continues in present (una acción que empieza en
  el pasado pero que continua en el presente)
• e.g. Im from England but I have lived in
  Chipiona for eight years.
• (Si traducimos Soy de Inglaterra pero he vivido
  en Chipiona durante 8 años no sería lo correcto
  puesto que en español eso quiere decir que ya no
  vivimos allí. Sin embargo cuando un inglés usa
  este tiempo es para decir que todavía sigue
  viviendo allí, por lo tanto la traducción
  correcta sería Soy de Inglaterra pero vivo en
  Chipiona desde hace 8 años) (Aquí no se podría
  usar un presente simple puesto que dice desde
  cuándo esa acción se viene haciendo (recuerda que
  el presente simple sólo se usa para una acción
  habitual y no expresa nada más)

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Partículas usadas con este tiempo

• For and since
• For normalmente se traduce como durante
  (período de tiempo for eight years)
• Since normalmente se traduce como desde (punto
  de partida o punto exacto en el pasado since I
  was a child since last Christmas)
• Ever or never
• Ever se traduce como siempre o alguna vez
• Never se traduce como nunca
• Already and yet
• Already se traduce como ya. Se usa sólo en
  afirmativasy se coloca en medio de las dos formas
  verbales. He has already come (ya ha venido)
• Yet se traduce como ya o aún o todavía. Se
  usa para negativas o interrogativas y se coloca
  al final de la oración. Has he come yet? (Ya
  ha venido?) He hasnt come yet (No ha venido
  aún/todavía)
• Just
• Junto con el presente perfecto, la frase se
  traduciría como acabar de y se coloca en medio
  de las dos formas verbales He has just come
  (Él acaba de venir)
• How long? Para preguntar Cuánto tiempo?

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ACTIVITIES ON THE FIRST USEACTIVIDADES DEL
PRIMER USO

• Vamos por parte
• Empezaremos por el uso 1
• Look at the picture. What has happened? (Qué ha
  pasado?)

(He/clean/his shoes) He has cleaned his shoes
(She/close/the door)
(They/go to bed)
(It /stop/rain)
(The picture/fall down)
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ACTIVITIES 1

• Complete the sentences with the verb from the
  list. Use the present perfect (have/has past
  participle of the verb). (recuerda que antes de
  empezar a hacer el ejercicio debes asegurarte de
  que conoces todo el vocabulario)
• Break buy finish do go go
  lose paint read take
• Are they still having dinner? No, they
  _________________
• I ________________________ some new shoes. Do you
  want to see them?
• Is Tom here? No, he __________________ to
  work
• _____________ you ____________ the shopping?
  No , Im going to do it later
• Wheres your key? I dont know. I
  _______________it
• Look! Somebody ________________________ that
  window.
• Your house looks different. _____________ you
  ______________ it?
• I cant find my umbrella. Somebody
  _____________________ it.
• Im looking for Sarah. Where _______________
  she____________?
• Do you want the newspaper? No, thanks. I
  ___________________ it.
• A las oraciones anteriores 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 y
  10, insértales las partículas vistas
  anteriormente como already, yet o just y
  tradúcelas.

have finished
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Ever and Never
Lewis
Ann
Yes, I have. Many times
Have you ever been to Rome? (Has ido alguna vez
a Roma?)
No, Ive never been to Japan
Have you ever been to Japan?
Ann is asking questions to Lewis beginning have
you ever? Write the questions

1. No, Ive never been to Paris
2. Yes, many times
3. No, never
4. Yes, once
5. No, never
6. No, never
7. Yes, a few times
8. Yes, twice

1. (Paris)
2. (ride a motorbike)
3. (drive a car)
4. (play golf)
5. (eat Japanese food)
6. (sail)
7. (break your arm)
8. (visit a museum)

Have you ever been to Paris?
Have you ever riden a motorbike?
Write answers about yourself. Ive never been to
Paris,
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SECOND USESTUDY THIS

• Uso 2 del Presente Perfecto
• Estudia esto

Margaret and Sue are on holiday in London. Sue
arrived in London on Monday. Today is Friday.
They are in the British Museum.
Friday
How long have you been in London, dear?
Si traducimos Cuánto tiempo has estado en
Londres? parece que la persona ya ha vuelto,
sin embargo no es eso lo que queremos decir con
este tiempo verbal. La traducción correcta sería
Desde cuándo estás en Londres?o Cuánto tiempo
llevas en Londres? para que digamos lo que
verdaderamente se quiere expresar con esta
pregunta. La respuesta sería por lo tanto
Estoy en Londres desde el lunes o Llevo en
Londres desde el lunes
Ive been in London since Monday
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• Compara
• Present Simple Present Perfect

Harry is in Canada He has been in Canada since
April (not He is in Canada since April) Are
you married? How long have you been
married? (not How long are you married?) Do
you Know Sarah? How long have you known her?
Ive known her for a long time (not How long
do you know her? Linda lives in London How long
has she lived in London? She has lived there
all her life We have a car How long have you had
your car? Weve had it for a year
x
x
x
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• Can you answer these questions
• A man says Ive been in France for six years.
  Is he in France when he says this?
• A woman says, I was in Japan for three years.
  Is she in Japan when she says this?
• Some body says, Ive worked with Eric for 30
  years, and I worked with Sally for 25 years.
  Which one does he still work with?
• Somebody says, I did seven years French at
  school. Is he or she still at school?
• You are in America. Somebody asks, How long are
  you here for? Does the person want to know when
  your visit started, or when it will end?
• What does How long have you been here for?
  mean?

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ACTIVITIES ON THE SECOND USEACTIVIDADES DEL
SEGUNDO USO

• Complete these sentences. Use present perfect
• Jill is in London. She ________________________
  in London since Monday
• I know George. I _________________________ him
  for a long time
• They are married. They ________________________
  since 1983
• Brian is ill. He _________________________ ill
  for a week.
• We live in this house. We ________________________
  ___ here for ten years
• I know Tom very well. I _____________________ him
  for a long time
• Alice works in a bank. She _______________________
  _ there for three years.
• She has a headache. She ________________________
  a headache since she got up.

has been
has known
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• Make questions with How long?

1. Jill is in London. How long has Jill been in
   London?
2. I know George. How long have you known George?
3. Mike and Judy are in Brazil. How long...
4. My brother lives in Germany
5. It is raining
6. Bill is a teacher
7. I have a motorbike
8. Linda and Frank are married
9. Alan works in London

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FOR SINCE
For four days an hour a week a month five years ten minutes two hours three weeks six months a long time
We use for a period of time
Since Monday 9 oclock 24 July December 1985 Wednesday 12.30 10 October Christmas I got up
We use since the start of the period
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• Write for or since

• Shes been in London __________________ Monday
• Shes been in London __________________ four days
• Mike has been ill ___________ a long time. Hes
  been in hospital __________ October
• My aunt has been in Australia _________________
  15 years
• Nobody lives in those houses. They have been
  empty ________________many years
• Mrs Harris is in her office. Shes been there
  ________________ 7 oclock
• India has been an independent country
  ________________1947
• The bus is late. Weve been waiting
  ___________________20 minutes.

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Write sentences. Use the present perfect simple
tense and for and since

• She is in London now. She arrived there four days
  ago.
• She has been there for four days.
• Jack is here. He arrived here on Thursday
• I know Sue. I first met Sue two years ago.
• I have a camera. I bought it in 2001
• They are married. They got married six months ago.

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PRESENT PERFECT vs PAST SIMPLE
Compara
Present perfect
Past Simple
I have lost my key but I lost my key
yesterday ( I cant find them now) Bill
has gone home but Bill went home ten
minutes ago (He isnt here now) Have you
seen Ann? but When did you see Ann?
(Where is she now?) Have you ever been to
Spain? but Did you go to Spain last year?
(in your life until now) My friend is a
writer. He has written but Shakespeare wrote
many plays and poems many books Weve lived in
Singapore for six years but We lived in
Glasgow for six years but now
(We live there now) we live in
Singapore
Time until now
Finished time
now
past
now
past
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ACTIVITIES PRESENT PERFECT vs SIMPLE PAST

• Use the words in brackets ( ) to answer the
  questions
• Have you lost your key? (yesterday) Yes, I lost
  it yesterday
• Have you seen Alan? (ten minutes ago)
• Have you painted the door? (last week)
• Has Sarah gone to France? (on Friday)
• Have they had dinner? (at 7 oclock)
• Has he started his new job? (yesterday)

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• In these sentences the verbs are
  underlined. Are they right or wrong? Correct the
  verbs that are wrong.
• Tom arrived last week RIGHT
• Have you seen Pam last week? WRONG Did you
  see?
• I have finished my work
• I have finished my work at 2 oclock
• When have you finished your work?
• George has left school three years ago.
• Wheres Ann? Shes gone to the cinema
• Napoleon Bonaparte has died in 1821
• Have you ever been to Britain?
• I havent seen you at the party on Saturday
• The weather has been very bad last week

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