The Skeletal System and Skin The Skeletal Syste

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The Skeletal System and Skin
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The Skeletal System

• Endoskeletons
• Exoskeletons
• Hydrostatic skeletons
• Bone
• Osteocytes
• Osteoclasts
• Osteoblasts
• Restructuring of bone.
• Collagen
• Phosphate
• Calcium
• hydroxyapatite

• Compact Bone
• Spongy Bone
• Red bone marrow
• Yellow bone marrow
• Blood vessels
• Haversian canals
• Canaliculi
• lamallae

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Long Bone Structure

• Periosteum
• Medullary or Marrow Cavity
• Epiphyseal or Growth plate (composed of
  cartilage)
• Articular cartilage

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Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

• Axial Skeleton
• Skull
• Vertebral column
• Vertebrae (33 bones)
• Cartilaginous disks
• Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
• Rib cage (24 ribs)
• Sternum

• Appendicular Skeleton
• All bones not part of the axial skeleton.
• Appendages

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Joints

• Articulation
• Articular cartilage
• Ligaments
• Hinge joint
• Ball and socket joints
• Synovial cavities and fluid
• Bursa
• meniscus

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Cartilage

• Where found?
• Chondrocytes
• Lacunae
• Hyaline cartilage
• Flexible
• Light weight

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The skin

• Integument
• Functions
• Epidermis
• Dermis
• Hypodermis
• Epidermis
• Keratin
• Dead, flat squamous cells.
• Airtight and watertight
• Melanin
• cuticile

• Dermis
• Dense connective tissue
• Blood vessels
• Maintenance of body temperature
• Nerve fibers
• Smooth muscle
• Elastic fibers
• Follicles (hairs)
• Sebaceous glands

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Dermis and Hypodermis

• Arrector pili muscles
• Goose bumps
• Receptors
• Nerves
• Sweet Glands
• Exocrine glands

• Hypodermis
• Subcutaneous Layer
• Adipose or fat
• Loose connective tissue
• Lots of major blood vessels.