For Reclaiming Humanity

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???? ??? ??? For Reclaiming Humanity   When Korea
Met America Promotion of Humanity through
Cultural Synergy ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ?? ????
?? S. J. Chang, Ph.D. Illinois State University
  ?? ??????? ?? ???
2
100? ? 1902?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?-????? ??? ??? ??
(? 1904? ?-??? ? 1910? ??) ?? ???? 47?, ??
??? 8, ??? 8? ?, ???? 144??, ??? ?? 22 ??, ???
95 ?? ??, ???? ??? ??? 6, ... 50 ? ? 1950?,
???? W. Faulkner ??? ?? ?? Cold War ?? -
???(humanity) ?? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? human
heart?? ???? ??? ?? ??/??/??/?? ????? 10? ?
1992?, Warning to Humanity ??? ??? ?? 1,700
?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????/??, ???? (140???) - 20
???? ?? 2002?, Post-9/11 ??/??/?? ? ??? ?? -
??/??/??/??? ?? ?? - ??? ?? - Lexus? Olive Tree?
?? ??? ?? ??!
3
Is this all because of globalization? What is
globalization, anyway? Why is it happening?
Globalization - What? Interaction, Interplay
Multiculturalism Diversity and
Multifunctionalism Cooperation, Alliance,
Interdependency, Mutual Reliance Integration,
Assimilation ? Unity with Diversity (not
uniformity with division) ? Synergy! Neo-Liberali
sm ? Digital Divide ? NGO, WSF, Anti-Americanism,
? Loss of Humanity? ? New World Order after
9-11? Globalization - Why? Technological
advancement ITBTETNTCT kilo/mega/giga/te
ra/peta/ quadrillion/quintillion/ ?(?), ?(?),
.. Proliferation of market economy Democracy
Free Trade Proliferation of corporate products
and services (Supranationals) Rapid, continuous
expansion of global trade Transportation,
Tourism ? Cultural Openness ? Enlightenment
in Human Mind or Humanity!
4
Why America? ? ??(??)? ????? After all, why do
you want to learn English? Why do so many people
want to go to America and study there? ?? - ???
??? ??, ???? ? ?? ? ??? ?? ?? (Axis of Power)
the bully of the world? ?? (If not Axis of
Power) a pivotal nation of the world ??, ?? ??
??(??) ????? ? ??(???) ? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??, ??
???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????,
??? ? ?? ?????(??)? ??? ?? ?????(??, synergy)
??. ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ? ?? ??? ???
??? ??? ??. ???, ????? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ?????
????? ??? ? ??.
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????? ??? -gt ????, ??, ??? ??? -gt Cultural
Synergy in Globalization! Proposition
People's thoughts, ideas, philosophies,
perspectives, actions, behaviorism, and value
systems are dictated by social, institutional
norms and guidelines which collectively
constitute their culture. Different cultures
breed different socio-politico-economic systems
and paradigms. Therefore, understanding
different cultures is critical in understanding
different systems. ? Understanding other
cultures should begin with recognizing the
difference or diversity in the way people live,
think, act, eat, play, and die!
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??? ??? ??? ?? ??. ??? ... ?? ?? ??, ?? ??? ??
?? ??, ??? ?? ??. 35 ??? ?
?? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ? ?? ??. ??? ??? ???
?? ? ?? ? ?? ??. ?? ????
?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??. ??? ??? ????? ????
??. ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??, ?? ? ???
??? ?? ??. ?? ? ??? ???, ????? ??? 9.11?? ???
??? ?? ?? ??, ??, ??, ????, ?????? ???? ??????
?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??.
??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??.
?? ???? ??, ??? ??? ??? ??. ???? ????
??? ?? ? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??. ??? ?? ? ??
?-?? ? ??? ?? ??. ? ??? ??? ??? ???
??? ????? ??? ??. ??? ?? ?? ?? ??.
????? ??? ???? ? ? ?? ??. ???
??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??. ??? ???
?? ??? ??? 100? ? ????? ?? ??. ????????
??? ????? ????? ??.
7
?? ? ??? ?? ??????? ???, ???, ???? ??? ??. ??
??, ?? ??, ? ??? ? ???? ?? ? ??? ??. ???
??? ??? ? ???? ??? ??. ????? ??? ??? ?
??? ?? ?? ??. ???? ?? ????? ??? ? ??
??. ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??
??. ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ?
?? ??. ??? 200? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??? ? ??
???? ??. ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? ??? ???
??. ??? ???? ???? show-and-tell?? ?? ???
????? ??? ? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ??.
????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ? ????
????? ???? ???? ??. ???? ??? ?????
????? ???? ??. ????? ?? ??? ??? ??.
??? ????? ???? ? ??? (?? ?) ?? ?? ??? ??
?? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??.
??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ?? ??. Lexus?
Olive Tree? ?? ??? ?? ??. ?? ? ??????
???? ? ?? ??. ??? ???
? ??(sour grapes)?? ??? ??. ??? ?? ??
??? ?? ??.
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???, ??? ???? ???? ??? ????(conspiracy theories)?
???? ????? ??? ? ???, ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????
??? ??? ??? ????(national sentiment)? ???
??? ??? ??? ?? ??(??)? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?
??? ???? ? ? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??, ???? ??
???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???
?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???
????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ??? ???? ???? ?? 9.11??
?? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???
?? ??? ???? ??? ? ? ??
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??? ???? ???, ???? ??? ??? ??????, NGO, ??,
??? ?? J. Jackson, ??? P. Buchanon Would the
world be a better place without America? Or
should we say, Today the world is a better place
because of America? ??? ? ??? ??? ??? ?????
?? - ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?,
catharsis. ???(Alexis de Tocqueville), ??(Gunnar
Myrdal), ??(C. Wright Mills), ?(Urlich Beck) ? ??
??/???? ???? ??? ?? - ?? ??(??) ? ??? ??? ??? ???
??? ???? ???. ??, ????, ??, ??, ????, ???? ?
?? ??? ? ??? ??, ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ??
???, ?? ? ? ?? ?????.
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?????(Neo-Liberalism)? ? ??? oo??, xx?? - ????
??? ??(??)?? ? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??
??? ?? ??? ???? ??????, ????, ???, ??? ? ??? ??
??, ???? ??, ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??
??? ?. ??? ??, ??? ??, ??? ?????
????? ??(??)? ???? ???(humanity) ? ??? ?. Beck ?
??????? 9.11? ?? ??? - ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? -
??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?.
?????? ????, ???? ? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ????? ?? -
?? ??? ??? ??, ?? ??? ??? ??, ????? ???? ???
???? ??, ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???... (NGO???)
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?? ????(MD)??, ??????, ??? ???? ? ?? ???? ???
??, ??? ????, ??????, Pax Americana ??, ???? ??
9.11? ??? ??? ?. ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??.
Big Guy Bully. ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?.
?? ?2, ?3? 9.11? ?? ??? ?? ? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??
???? ??? ? ? ? ? ??, ?????, ????, NGO ?? ??? ????
??, ??? ???, ???? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????
??, ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???
?????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??
???(humanity)? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??.
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American Dream? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?
??? ??? ???, ????, ???? ?? ????(????)?
??(??)???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????. ??? ???
???? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ??
???? ?????. ??, Lee Kwan Yew ?? ??/???? 1015?
??, ??? 3050???? ??? ? - ???? ? ??? ? ??
??/??/?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???? ? ?? - ??? ??
???/??/??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????, ??????? ??? ?
????. D. DSouza ?? - ????? ?? ???? ???? ??
???? ?? ???? ?? - 9.11 ???? America is Great T.
L. Friedman ???? ????? - ??? ????? ??????? ?? -
??? ??(??)? ????? ?? - ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???
?? ??? ??.
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??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??? - ??? ??? ?(?)
West ?(?) East --------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------
Mr/Ms - First Name - Syllable Mr/Ms Noname
(Mr. Jackson - Robert - Bob) ???, oo?? John
Doe ???? ??? 36 Main
Street ??? ??? 36?? Anycity,
Nostate ??? My company ?? ?? (Our
wife) Sister-in-law ??,??,??,??,??,?? Indivi
dual beds (crib) Family sleeping floor
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?(?) West ?(?) East ---------------------------
--------------------------------------------------
---- Appetizer-Soup-Entree-Dessert Communal
dishes Eat your dinner. Endless gradation in
honorifics Show-and-Tell Spanking and
caning Good Samaritans (Universalistic) Familial
Love (Particularistic) Egalitarianism
- Discrimination - High divorce
rate, Unequal roles and standards, Guns,
High crime Closer families, Safer
streets Class of 96 Class of 00
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?(?) West ?(?) East ---------------------------
--------------------------------------------------
---- Don't be another statistic. Stick out and
you will get hammered. E Pluribus
Unum Different Wrong? Waving/Fingering
(hand) Bowing (head) Singular-Plural One
person or ten person(s)? Pronouns
(Relative/Compound) Onomatopoeic,
Motion- descriptive I love you. (low
context) I you love. Love. (high
context)
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At the risk of over-generalization or
over-simplification, we may dichotomize the
cultural differences traditionally observed
between East and West as follows ?(?)
West ?(?) East -------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------
------ Individualism ("Me") Communitarianism
("Us") Independent Accountability Collective
Responsibility Individual
Autonomy Group (Familial) Loyalty
Diversity and Pluralism Uniformity and
Solidarity Heterogeneity and Idiosyncrasy Homog
eneity and Conformity Survival of the
Fittest Paternalistic Protectionism
Equal Opportunity and No Free Ride Group
Exclusivity/Mutual Forbearance Human Rights and
Self-Control Communal Order and Social Pressure
Individual Discretion Consensus Decision
Mobility, Flexibility, and
Volatility Stability, Security, and Consistence
Adaptability and Dynamism Inertia and Rigidity
Problem-Seeking Problem-Solving
Relativism - Positive
Approach Absolutism - Normative Approach
Contents (Functions) Forms (Slogans)
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?(?) West ?(?) East --------------------------
--------------------------------------------------
----------- Individual Creativity Group
Productivity Revolutionary
Innovation Gradual Improvement
(Hostile) Competition (Friendly) Cooperation
Risk-taking Entrepreneurship Ris
k-sharing Commensalism Good and Evil
(Conflicting) Yang and Yin (Complementary)
Guilt (Conscientiousness) Shame (Pride
face) Specificity -
Experts Fungibility Generalists
Merit System Seniority System
Reasoning/Scientific/Rational Persuasive/Psycholo
gical/Emotional Direct/Articulate/Tangible Subtle
/Indirect/Implicit/Circumstantial Utilitarianism
- Pragmatism Moralism Metaphysics
Transparency/Openness/Fairness Secrecy/Favoritism
/Collusion Leveled System Tiered System
Individual
Ownership Communal Ownership Free/Independent
Ventures Conglomeration (Chaebol) Shareholders -
Consumerism Stakeholders - Corporate Welfare
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???? ?? ??? ??, ??? ??? ??? ?? ???, ? ??? ???,
??? ??? ???? Now the gap is narrowing thanks
to Globalization! Pursuing the Best of the Two
Worlds East West Black White
On Off Left Right Fixed Variable Long
Short Liberal Conservative War Peace
Male Female Homo Hetero Public Private
Producer Consumer Domestic International Local
Global Competition Cooperation - - - Via Media,
Golden Mean, Happy Medium ? Cultural Synergy!
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Conclusions ??? ?? ? ??, ????, ??, ??, ????,
????Cultural Synergy ? Re-Humanization ?
Promotion of Humanity Uniformity with
Division? ?? Unity with Diversity ????? ????
?? ?? ????? ???! ??? ????? ???? ??, ??, ???
??? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ??? ??,
??, ????? ? Humanization? ?? ???, ???? ?? ??
???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??, ??? ??? ??
???? ??/??? ???? ?? ? ?? ? ?? ?. ask not ,
but what together we can do for the freedom of
man. ?? Axis of Virtue and Strength (??
??? ?) - ??? ??/??/??/?? ??? ??? ??/??? ??? ? ??
? ????!