METR 2413 - Introduction to Synoptic Meteorology

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METR 2413 - Introduction to Synoptic Meteorology

• Other upper air sounding systems,
• apart from radiosondes
• University of Oklahoma 2004

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ACARS

• ACARS Airline Communications Addressing and
  Reporting System
• Automated weather reports from commercial
  aircraft
• Aircraft-based observations that provide vertical
  profiles of wind, temperature and water vapor on
  ascent and descent

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Remote sensing from the ground

• Usually different systems for wind and
  temperature
• Wind profilers (based on vertically-pointing
  radar and Doppler shift of return signal)
• Doppler radar wind measurements from radar
• RASS Radio Acoustic Sounding System (density
  variations affect the speed of sound)
• Lidar temperature measurements (density
  variations reflect light)

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Remote sensing from space

• Mainly temperature and moisture soundings using
  infrared and microwave signals
• Both geostationary and polar orbiting satellites
• Vertical resolution is much coarser than
  radiosondes
• GPS soundings temperature and water vapor
  profiles and total water vapor (density
  variations refract radio signals) System under
  development