The Great Depression and the New Deal

1
The Great Depressionand the New Deal

• 1929-1941

2
The Great Depression

• Major turning point in US history
• A prolonged economic downturn
• Transformed the role of the federal government
• Transformed peoples expectations of the federal
  government
• Maintained existing economic and social systems

3
The Great Depression

• Sparked by the stock market crash of 1929
• Sharp decline of economic production
• Declining demand for products led to decline in
  industrial production

4
The Great Depression

• Stock Prices 1920-1929

5
The Great Depression

• Consumer Borrowing 1920-1929

6
(No Transcript)
7
The Great Depression
8
The Great Depression
9
The Great Depression
10
The Great Depression
11
The Great Depression

• Hoover Administrations Reaction
• Herbert Hoover
• Background
• Beliefs

12
The Great Depression

• Hoovers Approach to the Depression
• Americans protest and lash out against perceived
  causes of the Depression

13
The Great Depression

• The Bonus Army (1932)
• Background
• Response to Bonus Army
• Consequences for Hoover

14
The New Deal

• Election of 1932
• Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945)
• Background
• FDRs victory

15
The New Deal
16
The New Deal

• FDR took office on March 4, 1933
• Faced a national banking crisis
• Emergency Banking Relief Bill
• First Hundred Days

17
The New Deal

• National Industrial Recovery Act (1933)
• Theory
• Goals

18
The New Deal

• National Recovery Administration (NRA)
• Goals
• Effects

19
The New Deal

• Agricultural Adjustment Act
• Goals
• Problems

20
The New Deal

• Civilian Conservation Corps
• Public Works Administration

21
The New Deal

• Other Reforms
• Securities and Exchange Act
• Banking Act of 1933
• Prohibition repealed in 1933

22
The New Deal

• Keynesianism
• Intellectual foundation of the New Deal
• John Maynard Keynes

23
The New Deal

• The role of Eleanor Roosevelt
• Reinvented role of the First Lady
• Reaction to Eleanor Roosevelt

24
The New Deal

• The Second New Deal
• First New Deal shaped by immediate emergency
• Goal of Second New Deal

25
The New Deal

• Social Security Act (1935)
• Wealth Tax Act

26
(No Transcript)
27
The New Deal

• Responses to the New Deal
• Conservatives
• Demagogues
• Communist Party

28
(No Transcript)
29
The New Deal

• Labor
• Wagner Act (1935)
• Purpose
• Reaction by businesses

30
The New Deal

• Union Membership 1933-1946

31
The New Deal

• Election of 1936
• FDR vs. Alf Landen
• Factors behind FDRs victory

32
The New Deal

• Election of 1940
• FDR vs. Wendell Wilke
• Influenced by events in Europe

33
The New Deal
34
The New Deal

• The New Deal and African-Americans
• Scottsboro Boys
• African-Americans and the Democratic Party

35
The New Deal

• Questions
• What made the Great Depression different from
  previous economic slowdowns?
• What were the effects of the New Deal?
• Did the New Deal get the U.S. out of the Great
  Depression?
• Did the New Deal destroy capitalism?