Recidivism Rates for DCJ Offenders Exiting Residential A

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Recidivism Rates for DCJ Offenders Exiting
Residential AD Treatment

• August 2005
• Kim Pascual
• Research Evaluation

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Methodology

• Follow-up to a previous study of 1 year pre- post
  arrest rates for those exiting treatment in 2001.
• All DCJ offenders who exited residential AD
  treatment in 2001, 2002, and 2003, using the
  first treatment episode of the year per offender.
• All SIDS for each sample entered into the
  DSS-Criminal Justice Data Warehouse to collect
  pre- and post treatment data. Data collected 1
  year prior to treatment and up to 3 years after
  treatment.

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Methodology
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Demographics Gender
There was a 9 increase in the proportion of
males exiting residential treatment over the
previous two years (62 in 2003, up from 57 in
2001 and 2002).
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Demographics Race
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Demographics Average LOS
The average Length of Stay decreased by 11 days
from 2001 to 2003
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Drug of Choice
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Drug of Choice (cont.)

• Slight decrease in the percentage of those
  reporting cocaine (17 to 13) and heroin (23 to
  19) as their drug of choice.
• A two percent increase in the percentage who
  reported methamphetamines as their drug of choice
  (31 to 33).
• Of those with at least one arrest in the year
  following treatment, close to 30 for each year
  reported methamphetamines as their drug of choice.

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Treatment Completion
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Treatment Completion (cont.)

• Neutral Exit Type Reasons
• Client was arrested for crime committed prior to
  treatment.
• Client failed to engage in the program within the
  first 15 days of entering.
• Client died while in the program.
• Client was discharge due to needs being better
  served by another agency.
• Suspension of active status.
• Other

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Neutral Exit Types by Year
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Post Treatment Arrests

• For the 2001 sample, post treatment arrest data
  was collected for 1, 2 and 3 years after exit.
• For the 2002 sample, 1 and 2 years post treatment
  arrest data were analyzed and
• For the 2003 sample, 1 year post treatment data
  were used.

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Post Treatment Arrests
Three Years of Arrests by Year for 2001 Sample
61for all three years
55 for first two years
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Post Treatment Arrests
Two Years of Arrests by Year for 2002 Sample
50 in two years
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Pre- and Post Treatment Arrests
Percent of Offenders Arrested in the 1 Year Pre-
And Post Treatment
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Pre- and Post Treatment Arrests

• For each sample, the percent with an arrest
  ranged between 61 and 67 in the year prior to
  entering treatment.
• In the year following treatment, the percent with
  an arrest ranged from 41 to 46.
• Consistently for all three samples, there was at
  least a 20 reduction in the proportion of
  offenders with an arrest after exiting treatment.

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Engagement Length of Stay

• Previous report on the sample of clients exiting
  treatment in 2001 indicated that the pre-/post
  arrest reduction was greatest for those
  successfully completing treatment.
• Same report also indicated that clients with a
  LOS greater than 120 days had the highest
  pre-/post treatment arrest reduction rates.
• A report on Multnomah Countys Alcohol Drug
  data for FY00-04 showed that for all treatment
  modalities, the rates of completion of treatment
  were highest for those who had a LOS between 90
  and 180 days.

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Engagement LOS
Exit Type of Those with LOS Greater Than 90 Days
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Engagement LOS
Exit Type of Those with LOS Less Than 90 days
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LOS Arrest Reduction Rates
Percent Reduction of Offenders Arrested by LOS
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LOS Arrest Reduction Rates
Percent Reduction for Those with LOS gt 90 Days

• Women
• 2001 39
• 2002 45
• 2003 46
• Anglo
• 2001 44
• 2002 38
• 2003 33

• Men
• 2001 38
• 2002 29
• 2003 24
• African American
• 2001 27
• 2002 29
• 2003 23

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Limitations

• Treatment data per offender are limited to the
  first episode closed during the year under study.
  Creates the possibility that an offender was in a
  subsequent treatment episode during the
  post-study period, thus limiting their time in
  the community.
• Did not control for an offenders opportunity to
  re-offend.
• A more accurate portrayal of completion rates
  would include ALL treatment episodes.
• Arrest data are only as reliable as the data
  extracted from the DSS Justice Warehouse.

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Conclusions

• Over the three year period, there was a 12
  decrease in the percent completing treatment
  successfully.
• There was a 15 increase in the percentage
  exiting treatment as Neutral with the majority
  coded as Failing to Engage.
• Comparison of arrest data for one year pre- and
  post treatment showed at least a 20 reduction in
  the proportion of offenders with an arrest.

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Conclusions (cont.)

• Clients with an LOS in treatment greater than 90
  days had much higher rates of successful
  completion and a considerably higher rate of
  reduction in pre- and post arrest rates.
• African Americans with an LOS greater than 90
  days had slightly lower rates of successful
  completion and lower pre-post arrest reduction
  rates compared to Anglos.

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Recommendations

• Further investigate the possible reasons for why
  clients are failing to engage in treatment.
• Begin discussion with providers about how
  treatment engagement can be increased for our
  clients.
• Determine what factors may contribute to the
  differences in successful completion and arrest
  reduction rates between Anglos and African
  Americans.

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Questions or Comments?
Email kim.a.pascual_at_co.multnomah.or.us