Bringing Green Revolution in Eastern Region

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Welcome
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Bringing Green Revolution in Eastern Region

• Department of Agriculture
• Government of Bihar

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• Strategic Plan for Extending Green Revolution in
  Bihar

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• The first green revolution was limited to only
  five crops and main focus was on wheat. Punjab,
  Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh was benefitted
  more. There is a large gap in the yield of
  various crops among the states.
• To fulfill the yield gap- Extending
  green revolution programme is included in Bihar,
  Eastern U.P, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and
  west Bengal.

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• Contribution of Agriculture in Bihar -
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is 33 per cent,
  while at the national level, agriculture
  contributes 18 per cent
• The Gross sown area in the state- 78.82 lakh
  ha.
• Net sown area- 57.12 lakh ha.
• Cropping intensity- 138.
• The principal crops- paddy, wheat, pulses,
  maize, potato, oilseeds and Sugarcane.
• Major Crops- Rice, wheat and maize
• Allocation by Govt. of India - Rs. 6394.34
  Lakh for Extending Green Revolution under sub
  plan of R.K.V.Y during 2010-11 for Bihar.

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Districts under each Agro-Climatic Zone
Sl. No. Agro-climatic zone Districts
1. Agro- climatic zone I (Northern West) West Champaran, East Champaran, Siwan, Saran, Sitamarhi, Sheohar, Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Madhubani, Darbhanga, Samastipur, Gopalganj Begusarai
2. Agro-climatic Zone II (Northern East) Purnea, Katihar, Saharsa, Supaul, Madhepura, Khagaria, Araria Kishanganj.
3. Agro-climatic zone IIIA (Southern East) Sheikhpura, Munger, Jamui, Lakhisarai, Bhagalpur Banka.
4. Agro-climatic zone IIIB (Southern West) Rohtas, Bhojpur, Buxar, Bhabhua, Arwal, Patna, Nalanda, Nawada, Jehanabad, Aurangabad Gaya.
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Physiographic features of the Agro-climatic Zone
Sl. No. Agro-climatic zone Soil pH Total Rainfall (mm) Temperature ( 0C) Temperature ( 0C)
Sl. No. Agro-climatic zone Soil pH Total Rainfall (mm) Max. Min.
1. Agro- climatic zone I (Northern West) Sandy loam, loam 6.5 8.4 1040 1450 (1245.00) 36.6 7.7
2. Agro-climatic Zone II (Northern East) Sandy loam, Clay loam 6.5 7.8 1200 1700 ( 1450.00) 33.8 8.8
3. Agro-climatic zone III (Southern East West) Sandy loam, Clay loam, loam, Clay 6.8 8.0 990 1240 (1115.00) 37.1 7.8
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AGRO CLIMATIC ZONES
ZONE - I
ZONE - III(A)
ZONE - III(B)
ZONE - II
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Present Status of the selected crops
Name of the crop Area (Lakh Ha.) Productivity (Qtls./Ha) Production (Lakh M.T.)
Kharif Rice 35.15 16.00 56.24
Boro summer Rice 1.05 17.81 1.87
Total Rice 36.20 16.90 58.11
Wheat 21.31 23.80 50.71
Kharif Maize 2.58 16.78 4.33
Rabi Maize 2.06 35.97 7.41
Summer Maize 1.81 31.55 5.71
Total Maize 6.45 28.10 18.12
Total Pulses 6.10 9.00 5.49
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Objectives of the Project

• To enhance the Productivity of Rice, Wheat, Maize
  and Pulse crops
• To improve soil health with the use of Bio
  fertilizers and micro-nutrients.
• To increase the area of Arhar and lentil
  as inter crop
• To enhance water use efficiency by
  application of sprinkler and drip irrigation.
• Mechanization of the Agriculture farms.
• Reclamation of problematic soils by pyrites/
  phospho gypsum.
• Farmers training for improved technology in
  farming practices
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• Steps needed to achieve the desired level of
  productivity
• Improve infrastructure such as
• a) irrigation facilities
• b) supply of quality seed
• c) balanced use of fertilizers
• d) adequate farm machinery
• e) farmer friendly extension service and
• f) marketing facilities to the farmers.

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• Cropping Pattern
• Cropping pattern is dominated by cereals-
  Rice-wheat
• Cereals occupies more than 70 of the gross
  cropped area.
• Pulses occupy around 7 of the gross cropped
  area.
• The important cropping sequence of different
  zones is
• Zone I Rice Wheat, Rice Rai, Rice Sweet
  Potato,
• Rice Maize (Rabi), Maize Wheat, Maize
• Sweet Potato, Maize Rai, Rice Lentil, Rice-
• linseed
• Zone II Jute Wheat, Jute Potato, Jute
  Kalai, Jute Mustard, Rice Wheat Moong, Rice
  Toria
• Zone III Rice Wheat, Rice Gram, Rice
  Lentil, Rice Rai

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• Natural Calamity- A curse of Bihar
• Agriculture in the state is prone to natural
  calamity.
• North Bihar districts are affected by the
  recurrent flood.
• South Bihar districts are prone to lack of
  rainfall.
• Still Bihar is in Progress
• The coverage under rice, wheat, maize and
  oilseeds is increased by 9.6, 6.7, 2.0 and 1 per
  cent respectively in 2008-09 from 2004-05,
• The area under total pulses decrease to about 10
  per cent (Graph 1).
• The productivity trend shows a positive slope
  over the same period (Graph 2).

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Funding
of the Project
Sl. No Component Activities Total Cost (Rs lakh)
1 Rice (Kharif) Rice (Summer) Boro Rice Demonstration(Hybrid Rice with S.R.I. Technique, Hybrid Rice with P.P.C), Seed distribution of Hybrid and High yielding varieties, capacity building, Distribution of micro nutrients, weedicides and Plant Protection Chemicals, demonstration of Summer Rice and Boro Rice, Distribution of seed of Summer Rice and Boro Rice. 1985.23
2 Wheat Demonstration (With S.W.I. Technique) Distribution of HYV seed, Micro-nutrients Pump sets for irrigation and contingency. 1987.16
3 Maize Demonstration, seed distribution, capacity building (farmers/officers), Distribution of Irrigation Pipes, Plant Protection chemicals equipments, Distribution of Micro -nutrients and weedicides, Contingency. 423.33
4 Intercropping of MaizeArhar Demonstration, Seed Distribution of Maize Arhar, Distribution of Rhizobium Culture, Plant Protection equipments, Plant protection chemicals/Bio-pesticides. 246.39
5 Pulse Production Demonstration, Distribution of Seed Sprinkeler Sets, Rhizobium culture, Plant Protection implements and Plant Protection Chemicals. 699.05
6 Intercropping of sugarcane seed distribution of Lentil, Green gram, Rajmah, Black gram, coriander and Potato. 391.00
7 Reclamation of acidic and sodic soil Reclamation of acidic sodic soil in different districts of Bihar. 662.18
Total Amount Total Amount Total Amount 6394.34
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CROP-WISE STRATEGY
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• Strategy for Rice
• Average productivity is about 1.6 tonne/ha.
• The major constraints in production are- Flash
  floods and submergence, drought in uplands, zinc
  deficiency and bacterial blight.
• Appropriate technological interventions and
  strategies are-
• Cultivation of short duration and drought
  tolerant varieties.
• Propagation of HYV and Hybrid varieties
• Cultivation of bacterial blight resistant
  varieties
• Application of zinc sulphate in zinc-deficient
  areas.
• Propagation of SRI Technology.
• Propagation of Boro rice
• Replacement of long duration varieties with short
  and medium

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Strategy for Rice Production
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration
SRI (Hybrid Rice) 8463 No. 253.89
PPC (Hybrid Rice) 8463 No. 253.89
Distribution of Seed
Hybrid Rice 1692.6 M.T. 338.52
HYV Rice 734.2 M.T. 36.71
Capacity Building
Exposure visit 534 No. 26.70
Training 8462 No. 152.32
Participation in Kisan Mela 3000 No. 48.00
Micro Nutrient Distribution 91386 Ha. 456.93
Contingency 28.99
Total 1595.95
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Strategy for Summer Rice Production
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration 1810 no. 181
Distribution of Seed 1810 qtls. 9.05
Farmers/ Officers Training 14 no. 1.40
P.P. Equipment 3450 no. 69.00
Weedicide P.P. Chemicals 6900 ha. 34.50
Contingency 7.00
Total 301.95
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Strategy for Boro Rice Production
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration 105 No. 10.50
Distribution of Seed 525 qt. 2.63
Farmers/ Officers Training 27 No. 2.70
P.P. Equipment 2300 No. 46.00
Weedicide P.P. Chemicals 4200 Ha. 21.00
Contingency 4.50
Total 87.33
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• Strategy for Wheat
• Bihar is potentially an important wheat growing
  state and the productivity is 2.3 tonnes/ha.
• The major constraints in production are- low
  seed replacement rates, late sowing, low farm
  mechanization and foliar blight disease.
• Suitable technological interventions are-
• Timely sowing and harvesting
• Replacement with short and medium duration
  varieties
• Site specific nutrient management.
• Mechanization (Combine Harvesting Zero Tillage
  Sowing FIRBS and laser land levelling).
• Growing salinity/alkalinity tolerant varieties
• Use of improved varieties

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Strategy for Wheat Production
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration (SWI Tech.) 16924 No. 676.96
Distribution of Seed 30000 Qt. 150.00
Micronutrient Distribution 59000 Ha. 295.00
Pump set Distribution 8462 No. 846.20
Contingency 19.00
Total 1987.16
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Strategy for Maize

• Average productivity is 6 tonnes/ha, with levels
  up to 8 tonnes/ha also recorded in farmers
  fields. Potential to achieve 12 tonnes/ha.
• Interventions for enhancing productivity are
• Seed production of QPM hybrids within the state
• Cultivation of QPM hybrids
• Winter maize as a better alternative to wheat
  under rice-wheat system due to rising temperature
• Intercropping with potato, pea (for green pod)
  and vegetables in winter maize for additional
  income
• Promotion of maize based processing industry
  (animal feed, corn oil, starch, ethanol etc).
• In diara area promotion of maize

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Strategy for Maize Production in Non-ISOPOM
District
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration 1200 no. 48.00
Distribution of Seed 2400 qtls. 28.80
Farmers Training 120 no. 18.00
Officer's Training 41 no. 6.56
IMP/FFS Training 120 no. 27.22
Irrigation Pipe 1070 no. 160.50
P.P. Equipment 2500 no. 50.00
Micronutrient Distribution 2500 ha. 12.50
Bio-Incentive 2500 ha. 37.00
Weedicide/P.P. Chemical 3750 no. 18.75
Contingency 16.00
Total 423.33
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Strategy for Pulses

• Productivity in the state is greater than
  All-India.
• Strategies to further enhance its productivity.
• Large rice fallow areas can be brought under
  Urad, Moong and other pulses.
• Popularization of High yielding varieties
  supported by strong seed programme
• Rehabilitation of gram in Agro-climatic Zone-I
  after harvest of medium and late rice
• Promotion of seed treatment and Use of
  bio-fertilizer.
• Improvement in farm drainage to mitigate problem
  of water logging
• Tal area promoted as efficient pulses cultivation
  of gram and lentil as sole crops as well as
  intercrop with wheat.

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Strategy for Pulses Production
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration 6820 acre 136.40
Distribution of Seed 3410 qtls. 40.92
Sprinkler Set 3410 Acre 375.10
Rhizobium Culture 3410 Packet 1.71
P.P. Equipment 6820 No. 136.40
P.P. Chemical 1705 ha. 8.53
Total 699.05
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• Intercropping
• Intercropping of Arhar and maize-
• The area under Arhar is shrinking due to long
  duration crop.
• This crop is quit suitable for intercropping with
  maize to enhance the production of Arhar in the
  State.
• Maize will be a bonus crop in this scheme for the
  benefit of farmers.

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Intercropping of Arhar and maize
Component Physical target Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Demonstration 2540 ha. 152.40
Distribution of Maize Seed 300 qtls. 3.60
Distribution of Arhar Seed 475 qtls. 5.70
Distribution of Rhizobium 4750 No. 1.19
P.P. Equipment 3400 No. 68.00
P.P. Chemical/Bio-incentive 3100 qtls. 15.50
Total 246.39
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• Intercropping Sugarcane with Pulses,
• Coriander and Potato -
• 2.5 to 2.8 lakh ha. Area is under sugarcane.
• There is a great scope of intercropping in this
  region.

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Intercropping Sugarcane with Pulses, Coriander
and Potato
Component Physical target (qtls.) Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Distribution of Seed Distribution of Seed Distribution of Seed
Lentil 3000 36.00
Rajmah 5000 60.00
Black Gram 3000 36.00
Coriander 750 9.00
Potato 80000 160.00
Green Gram 7500 90.00
Total 391.00
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• Integrated Nutrient Management
• Bio-fertilizers i.e. Blue- Green algae azolla,
  azotobacter, PSB, VAM, green manuring etc. may be
  promoted among the farmers.
• Distribution of micronutrients
• To replenish the deficiency of soil
  micronutrients namely Zinc, boron etc. is
  proposed to be given to the farmers.
• Application of Gypsum/Pyrites
• Rajendra Agriculture University, Pusa has
  identified areas having soil with alkaline
  reaction. Farmers of the districts will be
  incentivised to use gypsum and pyrites to correct
  the soil reaction and physical condition

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Reclamation of Acidic and sodic soil
Component Physical target (hac.) Financial target (Lakh Rupees)
Acidic Soil Reclamation 112604 563.02
Sodic Soil Reclamation 19833 99.16
Total 662.18
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Expected outcome after the
implementation of the project
Name of the Crop Area (Lakh Ha.) Present Productivity (Qtls./Ha) Targeted Productivity (Qtls./Ha) Present Production (Lakh M.T.) Targeted Production (Lakh M.T.)
HYV Rice 30.04 16.00 22.50 56.24 67.59
Hybrid Rice 2.18 58.00 12.64
Boro summer Rice 2.93 17.81 25.70 1.87 7.53
Total Rice 35.15 16.90 35.56 58.11 87.76
Wheat 21.31 23.80 30.00 50.71 63.93
Kharif Maize 2.58 16.78 18.01 4.33 4.64
Rabi Maize 2.06 35.97 38.65 7.41 7.96
Summer Maize 1.81 31.55 33.35 5.71 6.04
Total Maize 6.45 28.10 30.00 17.45 18.64
Total Pulses 6.10 9.00 12.00 5.49 7.32
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Thank You