Non-pharmacological treatments for Diabetes Mellitus

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Non-pharmacological treatments for Diabetes
Mellitus
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Contents

• Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
• Management of DM (non-pharmacological treatments)
• Dietary management
• Physical activities
• Stress management

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Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

• The collection of abnormalities characterized
  by hyperglycaemia due to absolute or relative
  insulin deficiency.

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Management of DM
Medications
Life style changes
Medical nutrition (Dietary)
Physical activities
Insulin
Anti-diabetic
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Physical activities
Dietary management
Non-pharmacological Treatments
Stress management
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Dietary Management

• Aims
• To achieve good glycaemic control adequate
  nutritional intake
• To assist with weight management
• To prevent/postpone complications of DM

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• Dietary recommendations
• Individualized according to patients ethnicity,
  cultural, religious family backgrounds.
• Timed according to patients daily routine.
• Flexible

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Carbohydrates

• Consumption of carbohydrates which have low
  Glycaemic Index (GI)

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Glycaemic Index (GI)

• Measure of the effects of carbohydrates on blood
  glucose level.
• GI
• digestion absorption of foods
• rate of glucose entering in to the circulation
• Blood glucose level gradually increases

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Sources of carbohydrates

• Use Cereals, mixed coarse grains, whole
  pulses, salads, red rice, fruits vegetables
  (low GI),brown bread
• - Foods containing dietary fibres (oats,
  pulses)
• Avoid sugar, honey, jaggery, sweets,
  white rice, white bread (high GI)

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Sources of protein

• Essential amino acids
• Vegetable proteins, low fat milk milk products,
  fish lean meats

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Sources of fat

• Saturated fat (ghee, butter) - lt7 of total
  caloric intake
• Dietary cholesterol intake - lt300mg/day.
• Use more than one edible oil.
• ?-6 ?-3 fatty acids
• Avoid hydrogenated fat.

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Physical Activities (Exercises)

• Regular exercise is essential.
• Specially for patients with Type 2 DM.
• Brisk walk 30-60min/day 5days/week.
• Exercise schedule must be suited for each
  individual according to his/her physical
  strength.
• .

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• Benefits
• Improvement in Insulin sensitivity.
• Reduction of HT.
• Weight management.
• Improvement of lipid profile.
• Improve the function of CVS.
• Increase bone density
• Improve the quality of life.
• Mental and physical wellness.

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Stress Management

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Stress Management

• Behavioral modification.
• Positive thinking.
• Meditation.
• Satisfactory treatment plans and special
  attention.
• Optimal family support.
• Appropriate support and counseling.
• Improve skills (reading, writing, poetry)

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Acknowledgements

Special thanks to Madam A. Attanayake for her
valuable guidance to make this presentation
successful.
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Thank YouLIG