Chapter 6, Lesson 3 World War One

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Chapter 6, Lesson 3World War One

• Mr. Julians 5th Grade Class

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Essential Question

• What were the causes of World War I and which
  countries were involved?

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Places

• Austria-Hungary
• Serbia
• Versailles, France

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People

• Woodrow Wilson
• John J. Pershing
• Eddie Rickenbacker
• Alvin C. York

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Vocabulary

• World War I
• Nationalism
• Alliance
• Isolationism
• League of Nations
• Treaty of Versailles

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A Gathering Storm

• Several events took place to make World War I
  possible.
• At the time, European countries had strong
  feelings for nationalism, or a love of ones
  country.
• Many countries also feared attacks from their
  rivals so these countries formed alliances or
  agreements to defend one and another.

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Alliances

• Allied Powers
• Great Britain
• France
• Russia
• Serbia
• Belgium
• U.S. (in 1917)

• The Central Powers
• Germany
• Austria-Hungary
• Bulgaria
• Ottoman Empire (Turkey)

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A Gathering Storm

• In 1914 Austria-Hungary controlled Serbia, a
  country that did not accept that authority.
• On June 28, 1914, a Serbian nationalist
  assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his
  wife Sophie.
• Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia and World
  War I began.

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Fighting Begins in Europe

• Due to the alliances signed many countries were
  drawn into the war.
• Germany declared war on Russia on August 1st.
• Germany then declared war on France on August
  3rd.
• Again on August 4th Germany declared war on
  Belgium.
• Finally, Great Britain declared war on Germany.

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Fighting Begins in Europe

• The fighting was awful.
• Soldiers dug trenches that faced each other.
• They used barbed wire to protect their trenches
  making the land between the two sides a No Mans
  Land.
• Soldiers lived in these trenches for many years.

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The United States Enters the War

• At first the U.S. stayed out of the war keeping
  to its isolationism, or remaining neutral.
• Anther problem was that America had many people
  from both sides and it was difficult to ask
  people to fight their former country.

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The United States Enters the War

• On May 7, 1915 Germany sank the British ship
  Lustiania, killing more than 100 Americans.
• President Woodrow Wilson asked Germany to not
  attack non-military ships.

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The United States Enters the War

• The events that led the U.S. to war begain in
  January 1917 when it was learned that Germany
  asked Mexico to enter the war on the side of the
  Central Powers. If they did Germany promised to
  give back all of the land they lost to the U.S.
• The final blow came in February when Germany sank
  American ships.

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The United States Enters the War

• On April 2, 1917, President Wilson asked Congress
  to declare war on the Central Powers.
• President Wilson hoped by entering the war the
  U.S. would make the world a safer place.
• On April 6, 1917 Congress declared war on Germany.

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Over There

• Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your
  gun, Take it on the run, on the run, on the run,
  Hear them calling you and me, Ev'ry son of
  liberty. Hurry right away, no delay, go today,
  Make your daddy glad to have had such a lad, Tell
  your sweetheart not to pine, To be proud her
  boy's in line.
• Over there over there
• Send the word, send the word over there
• That the Yanks are coming, the Yanks are coming,
  The drums rum-tumming ev'rywhere So prepare say a
  pray'r Send the word, send the word to beware
  We'll be over, we're coming over, And we won't
  come back till it's over, over there!
• Johnnie get your gun, get your gun, get your
  gun, Johnnie show the Hun you're a son of a gun,
  Hoist the flag and let her fly, Yankee Doodle do
  or die.
• Pack your little kit, show your grit, do your
  bit, Yankees to the ranks from the towns and the
  tanks, Make your mother proud of you And the old
  Red White and Blue

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America at War

• The U.S. was led into war with General John J.
  Pershing as its leader.
• Pershing landed in France in June 1917.
• More than 4 million soldiers, sailors and Marines
  aided the allies.
• The U.S. helped turn the war to the allies
  victory.

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America at War

• One hero was flying Ace Eddie Rickenbacker.
• He shot down 22 German planes and 4 balloons.
• Another U.S. hero was Alvin C. York.
• York, using only a rifle, killed 35 machine
  gunners and captured 132 Germans.

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New Technologies

• In April 1915, Germany first used poison gas.
• Gas masks were then used to defeat the gas.
• Airplanes were also used to drop bombs on enemy
  targets.
• Tanks were also first used in WWI
• Finally, submarines were successfully used.

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Wars Impact at Home

• Americans were doing what they could to support
  the Yanks Over There.
• Uncle Sam asked young men to join the Army
• People had to ration their food to give more to
  the men fighting.
• Women took over the jobs the men left behind,
  keeping America strong.

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The War Ends

• The U.S. helped win many battles against the
  Germans.
• This led to the defeat of the Central Powers
• On November 11, 1918, at 11 am, the Central
  Powers surrendered.
• The war had been costly, nearly 12 million people
  died from the war.
• It was called The War to End All Wars.

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The United States and the Peace Process

• In January 1919, President Wilson and other
  Allied leaders met at Versailles, France to sign
  a peace treaty.
• This also formed the League of Nations, an
  organization to prevent future wars.
• The Treaty of Versailles officially ended the war
  and made Germany pay heavy fines and not allow
  them to re-build an army.

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The United States and the Peace Process

• The U.S. did not sign the treaty as the Senate
  felt that Germany was treated too harshly.
• The Senate did not join the League of Nations as
  they wanted the U.S. to return to isolationism.

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Timeline

• 1914 - World War I began
• 1917 - United States entered World War I
• 1919 - Treaty of Versailles ended World War I.