Material Handling

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Material Handling
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Material Handling

• Material handling equipment all equipment that
  relates to the movement, storage, control and
  protection of materials, goods and products.
• Man lifts
• Forklifts
• Bulk material handlers

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Material Handling

• Before using any type of equipment it is required
  that you be trained on that type of equipment.
• A pre-operation inspection shall also be
  conducted before starting the equipment.

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Material Handling

• Pre-Operation Inspection items
• Fluids
• Leaks or cracks in hoses and mast chains
• Tire condition
• Load backrest extension

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Material Handling

• Pre-Operation Inspection items
• Finger guards
• Decals and nameplates (must be legible)
• Operator manual (must be legible)
• Seat belt

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Material Handling

• Operational Inspection
• (with engine running)
• Accelerator linkage
• Inch control (if equipped)
• Brakes
• Steering
• Drive tilt controls
• Horns, lights, backup alarm, and hour meter

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Material Handling

• Any powered industrial truck not in safe
  operating condition shall be removed from
  service. All repairs shall be made by authorized
  personnel.
• (29 CFR 1910.178 (q)(1))
• Defects when found must be immediately reported
  and corrected.
• (29 CFR 1910.178 (q)(1))

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Material Handling

• Scheduled maintenance is critical to the safe
  operation of your vehicle.
• Never operate a piece of equipment requiring
  maintenance.

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Material Handling

• Cranes A lifting machine, generally equipped
  with a winder or wire rope drum, wire ropes or
  chains and sheaves that can be used to lift and
  lower materials and to move horizontally.

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Material Handling

• Types of cranes
• Truck mounted
• Side-lift
• Rough terrain
• All terrain
• Crawler crane

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Material Handling

• Rigging The equipment and method used in
  lifting, pulling, or tying down an object.
• Always make sure to use the proper chain grade
  specifically for rigging.

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Material Handling

• Tag Lines Lines to keep you out of the line of
  fire.

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Material Handling

• Cheater Bar / Pipe
• An improvised breaker bar made from pipe and a
  wrench.
• Used to free items that are hard to remove with a
  ratchet or wrench alone or to operate valves.

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Material Handling

• Problems in using cheater bar/pipe
• If the component frees suddenly the worker can
  become a projectile that is propelled.
• The cheater bar itself can become part of a
  catapult with the worker in the line of fire.
• Use of such items can damage the component.
• Falls, impacts, punctures and other injuries can
  occur from improper use.

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Material Handling

• Back Injury Prevention
• The back is critical in daily operations. It is
  used in every aspect of life.
• After suffering one back injury, you are much
  more likely to experience another one later on.
• More than 1 million workers suffer back injuries
  each year, accounting for 1/5 of all workplace
  injuries or illnesses.

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Material Handling

• Why back injuries occur
• Poor physical condition
• Poor posture
• Extra weight
• Stress
• Heavy lifting
• Twisting at the waist while lifting
• Lifting, carrying or working in odd positions
• Sitting or standing too long in one position

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Material Handling

• If lifted correctly it takes 10 lbs. of pressure
  to lift a 10 lb. object.
• When you add in the 105 lbs. of an average
  humans upper torso, lifting a 10 lb. object puts
  1,150 lbs. of pressure on the human back.

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Material Handling

• Alternatives to Lifting
• Use cranes, hoists and lift tables
• Place objects up off the floor or ground
• Raise/lower work surfaces when possible
• Use carts and dollies to move objects
• Get a partner to help you lift
• Reduce the amount of weight lifted

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Material Handling

• Proper Lifting Techniques
• Bend your knees
• Take a balanced stance
• Squat down to lift, keeping your heels off the
  floor.

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Material Handling

• Proper Lifting Techniques
• Get a firm grip on the load.
• Lift gradually keeping the load close to your
  body.
• Change directions by pointing your feet in the
  direction you want to go.

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Material Handling

• Proper Lifting Techniques
• Avoid twisting at your waist while carrying a
  load.
• When you put a load down, use these same
  guidelines in reverse.

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Review
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Walking-Working Surfaces
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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Slips, trips and falls can happen in any part of
  the workplace, inside or outdoors.
• Slips and trips often result in falls and more
  serious outcomes, including disabling injuries
  and even death.
• The cost to both worker and
• employer can be great.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Contributing factors
• Poor housekeeping
• Poor guarding of hazards
• Lack of general knowledge

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• It is important to remember that fall protection
  must be worn at OSHAs required heights.
• The fall protection used will depend on the job.
• Full body harness and lanyards are examples.
• Fall protection training will be provided for
  those employees required to use it.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• General Requirements
• Employees must be extremely cautious when working
  near and around
• Floor and wall openings
• Stairways
• Platforms
• Ladders and scaffolds
• All elevated work areas

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• General Requirements
• Always use handrails.
• Avoid ascending and descending any climbing
  surface with awkward loads or without handrails.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• General Requirements
• Always have adequate lighting.
• Always wear fall protection when required.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Dropped Objects
• Provide Adequate Warning
• If you are going to do work overhead warn those
  in the area
• Verbally
• With signs
• Ropes
• Barricades

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Dropped Objects
• Secure the Load
• Make sure the load is balanced.
• Use restraints such as nylon strapping bands to
  secure overhead objects.
• Ensure guard rails and toe boards are in place on
  scaffolds or platforms.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Dropped Objects
• Guarding
• Cover all floor openings, wall openings and holes
  to prevent tripping, falling or loss of tools.
• Every open-sided floor or platform 4 feet or more
  above the adjacent floor or ground must be
  guarded.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Guarding
• Do not use barricade tape or flagging as a
  temporary railing or fall restraint.
• Never leave a floor opening unprotected.
• Covers and/or guardrails must be provided to
  protect employees from hazards.
• While the cover is not in place, the opening must
  be constantly attended.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• When we are talking about holes and openings, the
  following criteria is used
• Floor Hole opening less than 12 inches but more
  than 1 inch.
• Floor Opening Opening larger than 12 inches.

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Walking-Working Surfaces
Housekeeping
DO

• Keep aisles, walkways, stairways and escape
  routes free of clutter.
• Clean up spills immediately.
• Prevent oil accumulation on floors.
• Pick up trash.

• Return tools and parts to their proper areas.
• Keep tools and materials away from edges of
  platform.
• Stack tools on a flat surfaces cross-tie them or
  cover them to keep in place.

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Walking-Working Surfaces
Housekeeping
DONT

• Leave spills for someone else to clean up.
• Allow oil to build up on surfaces.
• Allow trash to collect in corners, under
  machinery or other out of the way places.

• Assume someone else sees the hazard.
• Lay tools and other materials close to edges, on
  railings or sills.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Scaffold
• If you suspect a scaffold is not safe, contact
  your supervisor before beginning work.
• Scaffold must be inspected and have a tag in
  place tag is good for 60 days.
• Scaffolds over 4 feet must have railing to
  protect workers.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Scaffold cont.
• Scaffolds over 6 feet must have toe boards and
  bracing.
• Employees shall not work on scaffolds during
  storms and high winds.
• Slippery conditions, including ice and snow must
  be eliminated as soon as possible after they
  occur.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Ladders
• The main hazard when using a ladder is falling.
• Ladders must be inspected before each use.
• Any ladder found to have defects must be repaired
  or tagged for destruction.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Ladders cont.
• Maintain ladders in good condition at all times.
• Ladders used to gain access to roofs must extend
  no less than 3 feet from the point of support.
• Do not use make-shift ladders.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Ladders cont.
• Never use a ladder in the horizontal position as
  a work platform.
• Do not leave ladder unattended.
• Do not use ladders in front of unlocked,
  unguarded doors or in high traffic areas.
• Always face a ladder when climbing up or down.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Ladders cont.
• Carry tools in a tool belt.
• Keep your body centered on the
• ladder use the belt buckle rule.
• Do not use metal ladders near electrical
  equipment.
• One person at a time on a ladder unless
  specifically designed for more.

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Walking-Working Surfaces

• Ladders cont.
• Keep ladders free and clean from grease.
• Never use a defective ladder.
• Portable ladders must have non-slip feet.
• Maintain a 4 to 1 ratio for the angle of the
  ladder.

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Occupational Health
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Occupational Health

• Occupational health hazards are a part of working
  in our industry.
• Through training, knowledge and an understanding
  of the hazards, we can work safely in these
  environments.

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Occupational Health- Lead

• Lead is a poisonous, bluish white, metallic
  element use mostly in combination with other
  materials.
• Pipes, cable sheaths, batteries, bullets, paint,
  gasoline and solder.
• In certain doses, lead can be a toxic substance
  when absorbed into your body.

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Occupational Health- Lead

• Typical work activities which may generate lead
  exposure
• Welding
• Buffing
• Grinding
• Torch cutting
• Sand blasting on coated surfaces

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Occupational Health- Lead

• Lead can enter the body through inhalation or
  ingestion.
• Symptoms of over-exposure
• Headaches
• Fatigue
• Anemia
• Irritability
• Muscle and joint pain
• Stomach cramps

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Occupational Health- Benzene

• Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon that occurs
  naturally in petroleum crude oils and natural gas
  condensates.
• Benzene concentrations are usually greater in
  lighter crude oils and condensates.
• Under normal operating conditions, benzene should
  not be present in hazardous airborne
  concentrations.

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Occupational Health- Benzene

• Acute health effects
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Respiratory irritation
• Chronic health effects
• Cancer of the blood forming organs (leukemia).

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Occupational Health- Benzene

• Benzene can be detected by
• Odor aromatic, slightly sweet odor.
• Physical symptoms acute and chronic health
  effects.
• Gas monitor fixed monitor or personal.
• If you suspect a benzene spill or leak,
  vacate the area immediately and notify
  the appropriate personnel.

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Occupational Health- Carbon Dioxide

• Carbon Dioxide gas is formed from the combination
  of two elements carbon and oxygen.
• It is produced from the fermentation of liquids
  and breathing by humans and animals.
• It cannot sustain life.

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Occupational Health- Naturally Occurring
Radioactive Materials (NORM)

• NORM is a broad group of radioactive substances
  found naturally in our environment.
• Crude oil, natural gas, and other substances
  extracted from the ground may be found to possess
  measurable levels of radioactivity.
• Exposure occurs when the radioactive materials
  become airborne.

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Occupational Health- NORM

• The primary hazard is not the exposure to NORM
  but when these materials are taken into the body
  through
• Breathing
• Eating
• Open cuts and wounds

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Occupational Health-Fibers (Man-made Asbestos)

• 29 CFR 1910.1001 indicates that all affected
  personnel shall be trained in a way to ensure the
  employees understanding.
• Asbestos is mainly used in fiber form.
• Employees will be taught how to use respiratory
  protection if working in exposure areas.

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Occupational Health-Fibers (Man-made Asbestos)

• A medical surveillance program will be activated
  if exposure to airborne concentrations of fibers
  or asbestos are at or above the action level
  and/or excursion limit.
• Examinations will be performed by a licensed
  physician and shall include a medical work
  history and complete physical exam of all
  systems.

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Occupational Health-Fibers (Man-made Asbestos)

• Air samples will be taken in the breathing zone
  where action level and/or excursion limits are
  reached.

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Occupational Health-Organic Solvents

• Solvents are substances that are capable of
  dissolving or dispersing one or more other
  substances.
• Many organic solvents are recognized by NIOSH as
  carcinogens (benzene, carbon tetrachloride,
  trichloroethylene).

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Occupational Health-Organic Solvents

• Some examples and their uses
• Methane Industrial settings.
• Toluene Paint, fuel oil, cleaning agents,
  lacquers, and paint thinners.
• 1,1,1 Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
  Degreaser and propellant.

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Occupational Health-Organic Solvents

• Avoid breathing in vapors
• Ventilate the area well.
• Wear rubber gloves when using solvents.
• Wash solvents from skin immediately after use.

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Occupational Health-Mercury and Diethanolamine

• Mercury
• Found in wastewater from oil and gas production.
• Mercury can enter the body through the lungs,
  skin and through the digestive system.
• Diethanolamine
• Purifies gases, particularly natural gas.
• Clear, colorless or pale yellow liquid.

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Occupational Health-Hexavalent Chromium

• Yellowish-green liquid.
• Recognized as a human carcinogen.
• Problematic among workers who handle chromate
  products and those who arc weld stainless steel.

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Occupational Health-Methanol

• Most commonly produced from the methane component
  in natural gas.
• Volatile
• Colorless
• Highly flammable
• Distinct odor slightly sweeter than ethanol
• Burns with a clear flame

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Occupational Health-Nitrogen Gas (N2)

• Effective alternative used to frac shallow
• wells.
• Normally colorless
• Odorless
• Tasteless
• Non-metal gas

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Occupational Health-Insect Bites

• Stings and bites from insets are common, usually
  resulting in redness and swelling of the area.
• Occasionally a sting can cause a life threatening
  reaction if you are allergic to the insect or are
  bitten multiple times.

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Occupational Health-Insect Bites

• Symptoms may include
• Pain
• Swelling
• Redness
• Itching
• Anaphylaxis

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Occupational Health-Insect Bites

• You can minimize your exposure to insect bites by
  changing your patterns of activity or behavior.
• Avoid outdoor activity during dawn and dusk
  periods if possible.
• Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants and hats.
• Use insect repellants apply to clothing, shoes
  and other gear.

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Occupational Health-Insect Bites

• Anaphylaxis
• A severe reaction beyond the immediate area of a
  sting if you are allergic.
• Symptoms may include
• Hives
• Wheezing
• Shortness of breath
• Unconsciousness
• Possible death

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Occupational Health-Staph

• Staph symptoms may vary depending on the location
  and severity of the infection.
• Skin infections may be passed from one family
  member to another. It is important to not share
  clothing, towels or other similar items.
• Staph can survive
• Drying
• Temperature extremes
• High levels of salt

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Occupational Health-Staph

• Prevention
• Wash your hands
• Keep wounds covered
• Keep personal items personal
• Do your part to keep YOU healthy.

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Environmental Awareness
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Environmental Awareness

• The primary goal of the well site owner, well
  owner/operator, and well service contractors is
  to provide a safe and clean work site.
• An environmentally safe work site relates to
  proper containment of solid, liquid and gaseous
  hazardous materials.
• Failure to contain hazardous materials may expose
  the company and its employees to serious civil
  and criminal penalties, as well as adverse
  publicity.

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Environmental Awareness

• Federal regulation requires discharges in
  quantities that may be harmful to public health
  or the environment be reported immediately.
• Each state can then mandate more stringent
  guidelines if desired.

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Environmental Awareness

• Practicing all designated procedures and rules
  will insure compliance with all environmental
  laws and regulations.
• All employees are to be aware of their
  responsibility to maintain a safe environment as
  a condition of employment.

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Environmental Awareness

• HAZWOPER Incidents
• A HAZWOPER situation may occur when an
  uncontrolled amount of gas or oil flows from a
  well bore and is not contained on the well site
  or,
• A fire presents an explosive hazard or when gas
  is released which requires special attention by
  specially trained personnel.

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Environmental Awareness

• The company supervisor will arrange for HAZWOPER
  trained personnel to handle a specific situation.
• Personnel who are not trained to handle HAZWOPER
  situations are to follow the direction of their
  supervisor regarding their responsibility on
  site.

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Environmental Awareness

• Environmental Safety Procedure
• Signs are to be posted designating hazardous and
  flammable materials.
• Valves and discharge devices are to be quick,
  self-closing when placed on containers.
• All waste materials must go in specific
  containers meant to hold that type of waste.

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Environmental Awareness

• Only approved containers are to be used to store
  hazardous materials or flammable liquids.
• All tanks, containers, and vessels are to be
  marked to indicated contents.

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Environmental Awareness

• Used cleaning rags and combustible waste are to
  be stored outside in a metal container and kept
  to a minimum.
• Rig floors and well cellars are to be kept free
  from water, oils, and other contaminated waste.

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Environmental Awareness

• All spills of hazardous materials are to be
  cleaned up immediately, if the employee is
  trained or authorized.
• Proper personal protective equipment is to be
  used when handling hazardous waste.

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Environmental Awareness

• All lines connecting tank trucks, vessels and
  pumping equipment to the well head or other
  storage containers are to be equipped with a
  check valve.
• Cease operation immediately if a rupture or leak
  occurs.

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Environmental Awareness

• Catch pans should be used when running rods or
  tubing to prevent oil spill onto the well site.
• Minimize waste to reduce the amount of hazardous
  material that permanently leaves the production
  process as waste.

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Environmental Awareness

• The rig site is to be kept clean of all trash
  during the period you are on the well location.

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Review