Chapter 15 / Section 3

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Chapter 15 / Section 3

• Fascism Rises in Europe

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Fascism Rises in Europe

• During the Depression of the 1930s millions of
  people around the world lost faith in the
  Democratic way of government.
• In response, people turned to an extreme new form
  of government called Fascism

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Fascist Beliefs and Policies

• Fascism- A political movement that promotes an
  extreme form of Nationalism, a denial of
  individual rights, and a dictatorial one-party
  rule

4
Fascist Beliefs and Policies

• Fascists promised to revive the economy, punish
  those responsible for hard times, and restore
  national pride.
• Their message attracted many people that were
  frustrated and angered by the peace treaties
  after World War I and the Great Depression.

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Fascist Beliefs and Policies

• Fascism had no clear theory
• However, most fascists shared these ideas
  1)Nationalism 2) Authoritarian Leadership
  3) Uniforms of a certain color, special
  salutes,massive rallies

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Fascism v. Communism

• In some ways Fascism was similar to Communism.
• Ruled by dictators, one party rule, denial of
  individual rights.
• In both, the state was supreme.

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Mussolini comes to Power in Italy
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Mussolini Comes to Power

• Fascism came to power in Italy due to the
  disappointment over the failure to obtain
  territory during the Paris Peace talks of 1919
• Rising inflation and unemployment also
  contributed to widespread doubt in the current
  democratic government, they wanted a leader who
  would take action

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The Rise of Mussolini

• Benito Mussolini A newspaper editor and
  politician.
• Boldly promised to restore Italys economy in
  addition to strengthening its military
• Mussolini gained support because he was seen as a
  strong leader
• In October 1922, after 30,000 fascists march on
  Rome, Mussolini takes control of Govt.

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Mussolini as IL Duce

• Abolished Democracy.
• Outlawed all political parties except The
  Fascist.
• Secret Police jailed his opponents.
• Government censored radio and newspapers.
• Formed relationships between large industrialists
  and large landowners and The Fascist
  Party-Economy Control.

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Hitler Takes Control in Germany

• Adolph Hitler- a little-known political leader in
  the mid- 1920s.
• Ex-WWI soldier who later joined the National
  Socialist German Workers Party, known as Nazi
  for short.
• Policies of the group supported the middle and
  lower class.

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Hitler Takes Control in Germany (contd)

• Hitler was a great speaker and organizer, helps
  him gain power.
• In jail Hitler writes, Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
  which tells of his goals for Germany.
• Declares lebensraum, or living space in Germany
  is needed. (Racism)

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Hitler Takes Control in Germany (contd)

• Once elected by the Nazi party Hitler rises to
  Chancellor by 1933.
• From that point on Hitler finds ways to make
  himself more powerful.
• However, during this time Hitler drops
  unemployment in the country from 6 to 1.5.

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Hitler Takes Control in Germany (contd)

• Hitler wasnt just happy as Chancellor, he
  becomes the Fuher, SUPREME LEADER.
• His plan is to dictate not only economic and
  political life, but ALL ASPECTS.
• First thing he did was begin war with JEWS. SS
  leads the way.