Application of Geospatial technology in MGNREGS

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Application of Geospatial technology in MGNREGS
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Objectives

• Use of GIS and RS for planning and monitoring of
  MGNREGS works for generation of social capital
  and employment.
• Mapping the area and understanding the
  demographic profile, economic status of the
  stakeholders
• Usage of the model as a platform for capacity
  building of the local community, Village/Taluka
  Panchayat and Project Implementing Agencies (PIA)
  .
• Capturing the existing assets, current coverage
  of the area and generation of future action plan.
• Use of various tools including RS Imagery for
  monitoring evaluation.

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Scope

• Mapping of the Project Area

• Development of Action
• Plan

Monitoring and Evaluation
Incorporation of asset inventory socio-economic
details
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Courtesy NRSA/ISRO
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Tools to be used

• Geographic Information System (GIS)
• Global Positioning System (GPS) instruments
• Remote Sensing (RS) Imagery
• Management Information System (MIS) NREGASoft
• Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA) Focus Group
  Discussions (FGD)
• Social Audit

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Availability of GIS Spatial Layers
Features Source
LAND Land use Satellite Data
LAND Landform (hill, Alluvial, Coastal areas etc ) Satellite Data
LAND Soil type Soil and Land Use Survey of India, National Bureau of Soil Survey Land Use Planning, Agri. Deptt.
LAND Slope/Elevation Satellite Data Open Source
WATER Surface Water Bodies Satellite Data
WATER Ground Water condition GWRDC, CGWB
WATER Wells Revenue Deptt.
WATER Check Dam Departmental Data
Vegetation Agriculture Agriculture Deptt, Satellite Data
Vegetation Forest Forest Deptt, Satellite Data
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Availability of GIS Spatial Layers
Features Source
Village Socio-Economic Facilities, SC ST data , Actual Wages, Drinking Waters, of SF MF, Poverty Index Deptt. of Rural Development., Bureau of Economic Statistics
Village Village Map Computerized maps from Revenue Deptt.
Infrastructure Roads, Canals, Water Supply Line Departments
Ownership Details Forests, Government, Panchayat, Private Revenue Deptt.
Others Sanctuaries, Mining areas, CRZs, SEZs Line Departments

• Datasets Integrated in GIS
• Different Types of Maps can be generated

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Soil
Slope
BPL details
Various GIS Spatial Layers
Asset details
Cadastral Map
Drainage
SC/ST population
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Why Plan at Micro watershed level

• 80 of the MGNREGS works are based on
• Natural Resource Management (NRM),
• Drought proofing,
• Flood control protection works,
• Land development,
• Micro macro irrigation works,
• Renovation of traditional water bodies
  (Desilting)
• Absence of holistic integrated approach leads
  to inadequate returns on investment
• Effective planning at Micro-watershed Level
  (500-1000 Ha.) would result in the creation of
  sustainable assets and concrete measurable
  outcomes at village level.

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GIS for Planning
From Macro to Micro
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GIS Framework
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GIS based planning monitoring for MGNREGS

• A CASE STUDY

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Study Area
Patan Dist. Sidhpur Taluka
Nagavasan Village (5H3B7d1b )
Sidhpur Taluka Patan Dist. Gujarat State
230 5726.17 N and 720 261.76 E to 230
551.45 N and 720 7837.08 E.
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About Study area

• Low rainfall area (700 mm)
• Prone to excessive soil erosion due to ravines
  and sparse vegetative cover leads to inadequate
  recharge of ground water and siltation of water
  harvesting structures.
• Low agriculture milk productivity
• Biotic pressure on Gauchar and community land
  because of non-production of fodder on private
  land

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Advantages of Mapping

• Mapping facilitates better understanding of
  activities both by the literate and illiterate
  (major beneficiaries).
• Mapping helps deriving a platform for
  coordination between MGNREGS and other line
  department for convergence.
• The maps (in digital form) can be easily shared
  between the line departments other stakeholders
  which results in better fund flow and aids in
  monitoring and evaluation.

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Land Parcel Map with Survey Numbers
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Action Plan Parameters

• Socio-economic parameters
• BPL population
• SC/ST population
• Small/Marginal farmers
• Landless
• Bio-Physical parameters
• Ground water status
• Vegetative cover status
• Geomorphology of the area
• Soil erodability status
• Cropping pattern etc

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Action Plan Parameters (Contd.)

• Asset inventory
• Existing water harvesting structures
• Community land
• Gauchar land
• Land holdings by SC/ST
• Land holdings by Marginal Farmers
• Road connectivity
• Gram Panchayat office
• Irrigation structures (wells, field channels
  etc.)
• Previous works under NREGS other schemes

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Measuring Soil Erodibility

• A sustainable model which decreases soil erosion,
  silting and degradation of present water
  harvesting structures
• Use of Soil erosion equation for identifying
  various parameter
• Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)
• Soil Loss RKLSCP
• Soil erosion was estimated using Universal soil
  Loss Equation (USLE) (Wischemier, W.H and Smith,
  D.D, 1978).

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Measuring Soil Erodibility

• K is the erodibility factor - depends on soil
  characteristics (percent of sand, silt, organic
  matter content. K- Factor map for soil is
  prepared accordingly.
• LS is calculated from slope map - mainly
  dependent on percent slope and slope-length for
  each category of slope
• C factor is dependent on crop and the local
  vegetation. This is mapped from the land use and
  land cover map
• P factor is dependent on conservation practices
  applied or ought to be applied in watershed under
  NREGA.

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Baseline Survey Details
Parameters Mapping
Village Profile
Asset Inventory
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PRA Exercise
Contour Trench
Construction of Road
Desilting of Farm Pond
Check dams
Earthen Dams
Construction of Well(ST Land)
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Man-Day Calculation
S.No Detail of NREGA work Specification Unit Net Cost (in Rs.) Man Days
1 Staggered Contour Trenches, 1.24 m3 8827 491780.4 4918
2 Plantation pits 0.045m3 17654 35693.74 357
3 Desilting of Check- Dam 220m3 4 39560 395
4 Repairing of Bori-Bund 28 28000 280
Total Total Total Total 5955 (Approx)
as per the NREGA Schedule of Rates (SOR) Rs.
44.93 per m3
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MGNREGS ANNUAL ACTION PLAN
Construction of Well
Construction of Seva Kendra
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Annual Planning Cycle
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Monitoring Impact Assessment System

• Creation of Web based GIS monitoring system at
  village level using e-Gram facilities with
  following database.
• Type of assets
• Use of GPS coordinates for asset created
• Land parcel survey numbers.
• The volume of work
• Cost incurred.
• Availability of Labour.

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Monitoring Impact Assessment System (Contd.)

• Use of Mobile based software for updating the
  Geo-spatial database.
• Integrating with MGNREGA-MIS system.
• Summarised and specialized spatial reports for
  different hierarchies
• Annual satellite images (CARTOSAT Imagery) to
  assess the outcome.
• Monitoring System output will become input data
  for next annual action plan.

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Monitoring and evaluation Model
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Functional Structure
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Technical Resources

• Computer and Printer(At District and Taluka
  level)
• GIS Software
• GPS Instrument
• Scanner
• Digital Camera

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Financial Implications

• State Level GIS Unit Rs. 5 crore (Initial) and
  Rs. 1 Crore Recurring Cost Per annum.
• District Level GIS Unit Rs. 25 Lakh (Intial)
  and Rs. 5 Lakh Recurring Cost Per annum
• Taluka Level GIS Unit - Rs. 5 Lakh and Rs. 1
  Lakh Recurring Cost Per annum

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Capacity Building at village level

• Capacity building of Village Taluka level
  panchayat employees regarding the use of various
  GIS map and GPS instruments.
• Technical assistance to field engineers/Talati-cum
  -Mantri for better data collection.
• Exposure visit of different stakeholders to best
  managed projects

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Conclusion

• Geographic Information system (GIS) has a vital
  role as a Decision Support System.
• Decentralization of MGNREGS activities and
  creation management of asset inventory requires
  a proper scientific tool.
• The scope of GIS as an Information System acts as
  a solution for reliable, real-time and authentic
  information.

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Thank You
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Monitoring Mapping
NAGAVASAN
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