The Legacy of The Welfare State

1
The Legacy of The Welfare State

• A Creation Story (continued)

2
Policy Changes Over Time (T/F)
3
Quadagno Presidential Address
Quadagno
4

• Why does policy change?
• ideal types that support policy change.
• Groups

5
Social Values and Preferences

• Ideology philosophy toward government as well as
  a set of beliefs, ideas, or thoughts regarding
  the appropriate role of government in society.
• Closely linked to preference for the type of
  programs the government should support (political
  philosophy)

(Rahm 20042)
6
Bovine Economics

• American Political Party Caricatures....
• REPUBLICAN
• You have two cows.
• Your neighbor has none.
• So what?
• DEMOCRAT
• You have two cows.
• Your neighbor has none.
• You feel guilty for being successful.
• You vote people into office who put a tax on your
  cows, forcing you to sell one to raise money to
  pay the tax.
• The people you voted for then take the tax money,
  buy a cow and give it to your neighbor.
• You feel righteous. Barbara Streisand sings for
  you.

7
Ideal Types

• Libertarians
• Conservatives
• Liberals
• Radicals

8
A CONSERVATIVE PERSPECTIVE
1a

• MY CONCLUSION IS THAT IN ADDITION TO ITS
  STRONG MORAL BASE IN PERSONAL FREEDOM, CAPITALISM
  AND COMPETITIVE MARKETS WORK TO DELIVER
  SUBSTANTIAL ECONOMIC PROGRESSBUREAUCRATIC
  WELFARE STATES DO NOT WORK. THEY SAP INDIVIDUAL
  INCENTIVE, INITIATIVE AND CREATIVITY AND
  ULTIMATELY CANNOT DELIVER SUFFICIENTLY RISING
  STANDARDS OF LIVING TO MEET THE EXPECTATIONS OF
  THEIR CITIZENS.

MICHAEL BOSKIN CHAIRMAN OF THE COUNCIL OF
ECONOMIC ADVISERS DURING THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION

• Source Katz MSU

9
CONSERVATIVES
1b

• XXXs argue that, especially in its more advanced
  European forms, the WS has become a dangerous
  anachronism. By requiring high taxes, the WS
  deprives society of needed investment resources
  and saddles employers with workers who feel that
  they are owed a living---by the state if not by
  the boss!
• XXXs concede that the WS may once have been
  fiscally tolerable (if never politically or
  economically desirable) but argue that it should
  now be dismantled because its extravagances are
  unsustainable in our age of intensified global
  competition. Indeed advanced nations that
  continue to adhere to old-style welfarism risk
  permanent inferiority within the emerging
  postindustrial division of labor.

• Source Katz MSU

10
A LIBERAL PERSPECTIVE
2 a

• Im often asked if Im a XXX, and I say, Well,
  if Jack Kennedy was a XXX or Franklin Roosevelt
  was a XXX, then Im a XXX. This is not 1960, and
  its not 1932. Were in a completely different
  world than then. But I believe in opportunity,
  and I believe infairness. The only way this
  country prospers is if everybody is sharing in
  the prosperity. I think my party has uniquely
  stood for that,where government can be an active
  partner with the private sector in moving the
  country forward.

RICHARD GEPHARDT DEMOCRAT, US HOUSE OF
REPRESENATIVES.

• Source Katz MSU

11
LIBERALS
2 b

• XXX support a moderately high level of social
  services, but tend to favor equality of
  opportunity more than equality of social
  condition. They do believe that society has a
  duty to help the poor and oppressed, and to make
  appropriate arrangements for the young and
  elderly, but they would not go as far as social
  democrats and other radicals in the pursuit of
  these goals.
• Many XXX also believe that the educated elite
  should lead society and that the power of
  rational persuasion is sufficient to convince
  voters of the moral correctness of their aims
  they are thus idealists in the strictly
  philosophical sense of the term.
• The dominant political ideology during certain
  periods of 20th century American history, classic
  reform XXX reached its high tide during the
  Johnson years (1963 - 68). While still strongly
  supported by minorities, intellectuals,
  femininists, and various other groups, XXX has
  essentially been on the defensive ever since.
  Indeed, the X word is now often shunned even by
  XXXs themselves, who are afraid of alienating
  voters. Many XXXs accordingly now prefer to be
  called progressives. That has not increased
  their electoral popularity, however.

• Source Katz MSU

12
A RADICAL PERSPECTIVE
3 a

• THE CENTRAL QUESTIONIS WHETHER AND UNDER WHAT
  CIRCUMSTANCES THE CLASS DIVISIONS AND SOCIAL
  INEQUALITIES PRODUCED BY CAPITALISM CAN BE UNDONE
  BY LEGISLATIVE DEMOCRACY.

GOSTA ESPING-ANDERSEN RADICAL WELFARE STATE
ANALYST

• Source Katz MSU

13
RADICALS
3 b

• To understand the WS, XXs contend you must first
  understand the relative political strength of the
  principal classes (forces) in capitalist
  society---on the one hand, the asset-owning rich
  (capitalists) and the top managers who work
  directly for them on the other, ordinary wage -
  dependent workers in potential political alliance
  with the new middle class of technical/professio
  nal workers.
• Distinct social classes can have distinctly
  different perceptions of their interests and,
  hence, different attitudes towards social welfare
  programs and the Welfare State. Blue-collar
  workers may well look to the WS for socially
  financed protections against the uncertainties of
  life under capitalism, whereas owners see the WS
  as blocking their quest for a free market
  system in which worker resistance government
  intervention are minimized.
• XXs thus view politics largely in terms of
  coalition-building, since failure to form such
  alliances means that, as in the US, the WS is
  likely to be limited.

• Source Katz MSU

14
A LIBERTARIAN PERSPECTIVE
4 a

• IMAGINE AN AMERICA WHERE CHILDREN HAVE ACCESS TO
  A BROAD SPECTRUM OF WORLD-CLASS EDUCATIONAL
  OPPORTUNITIES. WHERE SCHOOLS SPARK THE
  IMAGINATION AND TEACH THE FUNDAMENTALS
  CONSISTENT WITH YOUR VALUES. IMAGINE AN AMERICA
  WHERE POLITICIANS DONT DOLE OUT BILLIONS OF TAX
  DOLLARS TO WEALTHY COMPANIES LIKE GENERAL MOTORS,
  ATT, AND EXXON. WHERE THE RICH NEVER GET RICHER
  WITH YOUR TAX MONEY. IS THAT THE KIND OF AMERICA
  YOU WANT TO LIVE IN?.

ITS TIME TO KICK RONALD MCDONALD OFF
WELFARE. THE RED-HAIRED CLOWN IS THE MASCOT FOR
MCDONALDS -THE FAST-FOOD CORPORATION THAT RUNS
30,000 RESTAURANTS IN 121 COUNTRIES AND EARNS 40
BILLION A YEAR IN REVENUE. BUT EVEN AS MCDONALDS
RAKES IN MASSIVE PROFITS, ITS ALSO CASHING
WELFARE CHECKS FROM THE GOVERNMENT. A FEW YEARS
AGO, POLITICIANS GAVE THE CORPORATION 1.6
MILLION TO HELP IT ADVERTISE BIG MACS IN
EUROPE....ITS CALLED CORPORATE WELFARE, AND ITS
HOW DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLICAN POLITICIANS ENRICH
THEIR BIG-BUSINESS FRIENDS AT TAXPAYERS
EXPENSE.
Libertarian Viewpoint Newsletter, Issue 1 Volume
1.
Source http//www.lp.org/services/files/libviewpd
f.pdf
15
LIBERTARIANS
4 b

• Because of their emphasis on free markets, many
  XX are called conservative. But XX also think
  people should be free to pursue "sex, drugs, and
  rock roll," if that's what they want to do.
  This live-and-let-live attitude makes XX very
  difficult to pigeonhole in the traditional
  left-right paradigm.
• As one publication explains THE DECLARATION OF
  INDEPENDENCE SAYSGOVERNMENTS ARE INSTITUTED
  AMONG MEN, DERIVING THEIR JUST POWERS FROM THE
  CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED... NOTE WHAT COMES
  FIRSTYOUR UNALIENABLE RIGHTS. THE GOVERN-MENT
  FOLLOWS. TODAY, THAT EQUATION HAS BEEN REVERSED.
  TOO FREQUENTLY, THE GOVERNMENT COMES FIRST. AND
  OUR UNALIENABLE RIGHTS COME SECOND. OR NOT AT
  ALL. XXXS ARE WORKING TO CHANGE THAT. IN FACT,
  WE HAVE SOME BOLD, INNOVATIVE IDEAS ABOUT HOW TO
  START BUILDING A BETTER AMERICA

Source http//www.lp.org/services/files/libviewpd
f.pdf
16

• Check your own Political Leanings on the
  Libertarian Site
• http//www.lp.org/quiz/

17
Starobin

• Nanny State
• social justice concern
• Daddy State
• public order concern
• Minimal State
• do as little as possible.

18

• As ideology changes, how is this reflected in the
  Welfare State? I.e. what changes accordingly?
• Public Policy
• Social Policy and
• Social Welfare Policy
• To Policy Framework