MAGLEV TRAINS

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• MAGLEV TRAINS

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MAGLEV TRAINS

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summary

• Introduction
• How does it work?
• - propulsion
• - suspension
• - advantages and disadvantages
• Development of the concept
• Present using
• Future plans
• Conclusion
• References

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introduction

• Out of science fiction books, a train running on
  magnetic and electrical force only, no wheels,
  no engine and the steel track replaced by a
  guideway, the maglev (Magnetic Levitation) trains
  are becoming a reality more then ever. With a
  record of 581km/h, these trains open new visions
  about future transportation.
• Just like airplanes revolutionize 20th centurys
  transportation, maglev trains are expected to do
  the same thing with 21th centurys
  transportation.

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How does it work?propulsion

• Electromagnetic Propulsion
• In real life the opposite poles of magnets
  attract each other and like ends repel, this is
  the simple principle behind electromagnetic
  propulsion.
• However electromagnets attract metal objects
  while charged with electricity, the pull is
  temporary and dependent on the charge.
• For a train to operate three major components
  must be present in the system a powerful
  electrical power source, large guidance magnets
  attached to the underside of the train, a track
  lined with metal coils.

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1. The magnetized coil running along the track, is
   called the guideway. This will repel the large
   magnets on the underside of the carriage, causing
   the train to hover above the track.
2. The key advantage of the Maglev train is that it
   floats on a cushion of air, with virtually no
   friction. This allows the train to reach such
   high speeds!

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Suspension

• There is 2 forms of suspension technology
• 1-Electromagnetic suspension
• 2-Electrodynamic suspension
• 1-Electromagnetic suspension
• In current EMS systems, the train levitates
  above a steel rail while electomagnets attached
  to the train, are oriented toward the rail from
  below.
• The electromagnets use feedback control to
  maintain a train at a constant distance from a
  track.

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• 2-Electrodynamic suspension
• In Electrodynamic suspension (EDS), both the rail
  and the train exert a magnetic field, and the
  train is levitated by the repulsive force between
  these magnetic fields. The magnetic field in the
  train is produced by either electromagnets or by
  an array of permanent magnets .
• At slow speeds, the force is not large enough to
  support the weight of the train. For this reason
  the train must have wheels or some other form of
  landing gear to support the train until it
  reaches a speed that can sustain levitation.

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and -

• Due to the lack of physical contact between the
  track and the vehicle, there is no rolling
  friction, leaving only air resistance.
• Maglevs can handle high volumes of passengers per
  hour and do it without introducing air pollution
  along the right way.
• Safest way of transportation, since its all
  automatically controlled, no chance of collision
  or brake down.
• No burning of fossil fuel, so no pollution, and
  the electricity needed will be nuclear or solar.
• The powerful magnets demand a large amount of
  electricity to function so the train levitates.
  What makes the maglev trains much more expensive
  to build and to operate.

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• The weight of the large electromagnets in EMS and
  EDS designs are a major design issue. A very
  strong magnetic field is required to levitate a
  massive train.
• Due to its high speed and shape, the noise
  generated by a maglev train is similar to a jet
  aircraft, and is considerably more disturbing
  than standard train noise. A study found the
  difference between disturbance levels of maglev
  and traditional trains to be 5dB (about 78
  noisier)
• Very costly to operate since it needs large
  magnets and a very advanced technology and huge
  amount of electrical power.

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Development of the concept

• A U.S. patent, dated 1 October 1907, is for a
  linear motor propelled train in which the motor,
  below the steel track, carried some but not all
  of the weight of the train. The inventor was
  Alfred Zehden.
• The world's first commercial automated system was
  a low-speed maglev shuttle that ran from the
  airport terminal of Birmingham International
  Airport (UK) to the nearby Birmingham
  International railway station from 1984 to 1995.

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Present using

• Shanghai Maglev Train
• Contracted from 2000-2004 with a cost of 1.2
  billion , it links the Pudong Airport and
  Shanghai Metro, it is based on the maglev
  technologies of Siemens. It caries about 7000
  passengers per day

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• Linimo
• The world's first commercial automated Urban
  Maglev" system commenced operation in March 2005
  in Aichi, Japan. This is the nine-station 8.9 km
  long Tobu-Kyuryo Line, otherwise known as the
  Linimo.
• The train has a top speed of 100 km/h.

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Thank You.