Aerodynamics cars

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Aerodynamics cars

• By Paiman Parmaei

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What does aerodynamic means?

• Aerodynamics is the study of moving gases (in
  this case air) over a body in motion, and how
  that airflow will affect the body's movement
  through the flow. car aerodynamics make the car
  more safer and make it more fuel efficient. It is
  used in most of the cars today specially in race
  cars because there is more need of aerodynamics
  in high speeds cars.

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Aerodynamics History

• Aerodynamics has played an important role in car
  racing since the late 1960s, when introduction of
  the first inverted wings appeared in some
  formulas. After that time, improved wing systems
  taken from the aeronautic technology made leaps
  forward, improving consistently lap times,
  increasing cornering speeds and vehicle
  stability. With the introduction of the ground
  effect a few years later the vehicles used a
  third element (the under body) to produce down
  force, and hence improve the performances.

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wing
wing
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What is the down force.

• The term down force describes the downward
  pressure created by the aerodynamic
  characteristics of a car that allows it to travel
  faster through a corner by holding the car to the
  track or road surface. However it also inverses
  friction between the tires and the road surface,
  thus decreasing maximum velocity.
• Its a force which arises due to the airflow over
  and below the car, which act vertically downward
  on the car.

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Cars can generate lift if designed poorly.
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Aerodynamics in F1

• Aerodynamics is the single most important aspect
  of F1 car design. It defined not only the entire
  shape of the car, but also the positioning of all
  items within it, like the engine, gearbox and
  driver.

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Front wing effect on aerodynamics of a F1 car

• The front wing is important because it is the
  first part of the car that makes contact with the
  air.
• It affects the airflow in the full length of the
  car and even tiny changes can have huge effects
  on the overall performance.
• Front wing is one of the elements that is used
  for down force because it creates high pressure
  area on top and hence large amount of down force.

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Rear Wing

• The rear wing helps glue the rear wheels to the
  track, but it also can hugely increases drag (air
  residence against the body of the car). But
  designers are constantly working to use as little
  angle of incidence on the rear wing as possible
  without harming overall performance.

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Diffuser

• The diffuser, or floor, is designed to ensure the
  smoothest exit for the air that is flowing under
  the car. Designers come up with a huge variety of
  complicated shapes because the quicker the air
  exits, the more down force the car generates, and
  the faster it will be.  

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BARGE BOARDS

• Barge boards, or turning vanes, smooth out and
  separate the air that has been disrupted by the
  front wheels. They separate the flow into two
  parts - one is directed into the side pods to
  cool the engine the other is diverted outside to
  reduce drag.

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Here are things that can be done to reduce your
vehicle's drag (air resistance)
http//www.recumbents.com/car_aerodynamics/

• 1. Make the shape of the car so that air flow
  together smoothly towards the end of the car
• 2.Reduce the frontal area of the car by
  minimizing the grill making sure that windscreen
  is as flat as possible.
• 3.Cover the wheels.

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Reducing the drag.
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• Overall the use of the aerodynamic devices
  greatly increases the performance of a car. The
  trick is to be able generate just the right
  amount of down force while keeping drag to a
  minimum.

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• Nissan Maxima 1998 before after aerodynamics
  changes.

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Thank you
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Question
Question

what is the most important element to protect the
car from jumping off the ground?
what is the first part of a car that make contact
with the air?
What is aerodynamic?