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Goat Breeds, Feeding and Management

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... Intact male goat. Wether: Castrated male goat. Kid: Baby ... Castration. Use an emasculator. Select females with good udders. Teat placement and attachment ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Goat Breeds, Feeding and Management


1
Goat Breeds, Feeding and Management
  • Chapter 36

2
Goat Terminology
  • Nanny or Doe Female goat
  • Billy or Buck Intact male goat
  • Wether Castrated male goat
  • Kid Baby goat or to give birth
  • Doeling Young female goat
  • Buckling Young male goat

3
Goat Breeds
  • Classes of goat breeds
  • Dairy
  • Production of milk
  • Angora
  • Production of mohair
  • Meat
  • Production of meat
  • Cashmere
  • Cashmere fibers (clothing)
  • Pygmy
  • Laboratory small ruminant animal or a pet

4
Dairy Goat Breeds
  • Alpine
  • Originated in the French Alps
  • Hardy and adaptable
  • No set breed color standards
  • Short, erect ears
  • Mature size varies
  • Males should weigh at least 170 lb
  • Females should weigh at least 135 lb

5
Dairy Goat Breeds
  • Nubian
  • Developed in England
  • Considered to be an all-purpose breed
  • High butter fat averages
  • Very adaptable to hot temperatures
  • Solid or multi-colored
  • Black, red, tan
  • Long ears
  • Roman Nose

6
Angora Goat Breeds
  • Angora
  • Originated in Asia
  • Production of mohair
  • 5.3 lb of mohair per sheering (2x per year)
  • Small frame size
  • Horned
  • Ringlet-like hair
  • Good for foraging

7
Meat Goat Breeds
  • Boer
  • Originated in South Africa
  • Most popular meat breed in US
  • Low maintenance breed
  • Good kidding rate
  • Great performance
  • Rate of gain
  • Carcass merit
  • 3 kidding every 2 years

8
Meat Goat Breeds
  • Spanish
  • Brought from Spain as a meat source
  • Feral or brush goats
  • Various sizes

9
Cashmere Goat Breeds
  • American Cashmere
  • Originated in Australia and New Zealand
  • Low maintenance
  • Produce fiber
  • Cashmere
  • Sheared once per year
  • 2.5 lb of cashmere

10
Pygmy Goat Breeds
  • Pygmy
  • Dwarf goat
  • Originated in Africa
  • Can be bearded
  • Various colors

11
Why should I care about goats?
  • Produce milk, meat, hides, and hair
  • Shown that 65 of the world consumes goat meat
  • In the US
  • Increasing demand for goat production
  • Meat and milk
  • Increasing production
  • Moving progressively from the South US to the
    Northern states
  • Why do you think this is???

12
Milk Goat Management
  • Dairy cow and dairy goat are about equal in
    efficiency of converting feed into
  • Goat produces more milk than a dairy cow in
    relation to body weight

13
Milk Goat Management
14
Milk Goat Management
  • Require simple housing
  • Good production requires pasture
  • Rotational grazing
  • Good fences!
  • Woven-wire
  • 1 or 2 electric wires on top of and below
    woven-wire
  • Equipment
  • Tattoo set, hoof trimmers, hoof knife,
    emasculator, balling gun
  • Producers may think about using animals that are
    polled

15
Milk Goat Management
  • Feet should be trimmed
  • Footrot should be treated immediately
  • Animals with footrot should be isolated
  • Kids should be tattooed
  • Castration
  • Use an emasculator
  • Select females with good udders
  • Teat placement and attachment

16
Milk Goat Management
  • Breeding
  • Heat is in 15 to 18 d intervals
  • Heat lasts for 1 to 3 d
  • Young does can bred at 85 to 95 lb
  • Goal 1st kidding at 1 yr of age
  • Gestation 6 months (150 d)
  • Seasonal Breeding
  • Sept to Nov
  • Lactation is 7 to 10 m
  • Estrus stimulation
  • Long dark periods in the spring and summer can
    cause does to come into estrus earlier
  • Twins and Triplets are common
  • Kid weighs 5 to 8 lb

17
Milk Goat Management
  • Kidding
  • Provide a laxative in the feed
  • Kid should be presented head an front feet first
  • Kid arrival
  • Clean mouth and nostrils
  • Use a heat lamp
  • Colostrum

18
Milk Goat Management
  • Feeding
  • Goats can digest low-quality forages
  • Concentrates can be feed if needed
  • Lactating Does
  • Ad libitum high-quality forage
  • Concentrates
  • Pregnant Does
  • Provide adequate feed to gain weight
  • Do not want to over feed
  • Grains
  • Oats, corn, barley, milo
  • Be aware of mineral deficiencies

19
Milk Goat Management
  • Feeding
  • Young breeding stock needs more energy than
    mature
  • Kids
  • Allowed to nurse for 3 d
  • After 3 d, given milk replacer
  • 2 -3 wk of age, leafy forage and concentrates
    should be made avaliable
  • Multi-species grazing
  • Do not allow rams to be with goats
  • Do not allow buck goats to be with ewes

20
Diseases and Parasites
  • Johnes disease
  • Signs unthrifty, emaciated, unproductive
  • Enterotoxemia
  • Caused by C. perfingens
  • Overeating disease
  • Avoid feeding excess milk or grain
  • Tetanus
  • Infects wounds
  • Causes death
  • Treatment 2 injections of toxoid

21
Diseases and Parasites
  • Mastitis
  • If detected early, can be treated with an
    antibiotic
  • Cull animals with late stages
  • Footrot
  • Very contagious
  • Ketosis
  • Pregnancy disease
  • Exercise goats, prevent does from becoming over
    fat, provide clean fresh water
  • Milk fever
  • External and Internal Parasites

22
  • Chapter 36 Goat Breeds, Management, and Feeding
  • What are the 5 classes of goat breeds?
  • What are the different classes known for?
  • Be able to give an example of each class.
  • What are some important management practices for
    raising goats?
  • What can be done to initiate an earlier onset of
    estrus in does?
  • Be able to explain how the does need for feed and
    forage changes throughout her life cycle.
  • Be able to discuss some of the major diseases in
    goats.
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