???(gene pool):?????,????????????????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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???(gene pool):?????,?????????????????

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Title: ???(gene pool):?????,?????????????????


1
??? ????
2
  • ??????????????,???????????
  • ??????????,??????????????????,?????,??????????????
    ??????????????????

3
12-5.1 ????????
  • ???(gene pool)?????,?????????????????
  • ????????????

4
?????????
  • ???????????????????,???????
  • ??????????????(?A?a)
  • ???????????????(AA?Aa?aa)

5
  1. ???????????????
  2. ???????????????????????(AA)???
  3. ??????(A)?????????????1

6
  • ????????????,????(A?a)???(IA ?IB ?i)??????????
  • ????????????,???????????????????

7
  • ?????????????????
  • ??(A)
  • ??(a)
  • ????????,?????????????

8
  • ??????A???
  • ??80 ?0.8
  • ??????a???
  • ??20 ?0.2

9
  • ?12-28 ??????????????????????

10
  • ???
  • ???AA????320/5000.64
  • ???Aa????160/5000.32
  • ???aa????20/5000.04

11
  • ??????????
  • ???????????????
  • ????????????,?
  • ??????????????
  • ?????A?a?????????

12
  • ??????????????????,??????????????????????
  • ??
  • A?a??????p?q??,?p q1
  • AA???P2
  • Aa????2pq
  • aa???? q2
  • P2 2pq q2 1

13
????(Hardy-Weinberg principle)
  • ??
  • ???????(G.H. Hardy, 18771947)
  • ???????(W. Weinberg, 18621937)

14
????
  • ???????????
  • ??????????(PTC)???
  • ?????????
  • ??(t)??????
  • ??(T)?????

15
??600???
  • 450??????
  • 150??????
  • ????T?t?????
  • t??q 0.5
  • T??p1-q0.5

16
??????450?
  • ?TT??????
  • P20.5 0.50.2525
  • (??? 600 25 150?)
  • ?Tt??????
  • 2pq2 0.5 0.50.550
  • (??? 600 50 300?)

17
???
  • ????,??????????A(??)?a(??),???????????????????4
    ?
  • ?????A?a???????????
  • ?????????1000?,?????????????,????????????

18
??ABO??
  • ??????IA?IB?i??????
  • ?IA???p,IB???q,i???r
  • ??????,pqr1 ,??????,????????????

19
(No Transcript)
20
????
  • ????(genetic drift),????
  • ???????????????????,???????????

21
  • ???????,?????????
  • ????????????,?????????????,??????,????,???????????
    ?

22
????
  • ????????????,?????????
  • ??????,????????????????,????????,?????????????,???
    ?????????????,???????????????

23
???
  • ??????????ABO?????????????? IA 0.4?IB
    0.1?i0.5,?????A??B??AB??O???????

24
???
  • ?????????????,??????????(PKU)(?????????,??????????
    ?????),???????????
  • ??????????????,??PKU??,?????????,?????????????
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