INFECTIOUS DISEASES and INFECTION CONTROL

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INFECTIOUS DISEASES and INFECTION CONTROL

• PLF 4C/ SHSM
• Mr. Naisbitt

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INFECTIOUS DISEASE TERMINOLOGY

• INFECTIOUS
• A disease capable of being transmitted by air,
  water, people, etc.
• PATHOGEN
• Disease-causing agents found in air, water, food,
  on objects, humans, etc.
• BACTERIA
• Single-celled organisms that are plantlike in
  nature that may be disease causing
• VIRUSES
• Minute parasitic microbes that live inside
  another cell

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INFECTIOUS DISEASE TERMINOLOGY CONT

• AUTOINNOCULATION
• Transmission of a pathogen from one part of your
  body to another
• VIRULENT
• Characteristic of organisms that are able to
  overcome host resistance and cause disease
• OTHER KEY TERMS
• 1) Epidemic, Pandemic, Endemic
• 2) Interferon
• 3) CDC, WHO

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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MODEL

• EPIDEMIOLOGY
• The science of studying the occurrence, causes
  and prevention of disease
• Environmental Conditions
• Agent Vehicle Host Disease

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PATHOGEN ROUTES OF INVASION

• 1) DIRECT CONTACT
• 2) INDIRECT CONTACT
• 3) AUTOINNOCULATION
• 4) AIRBORNE CONTACT
• 5) FOOD-BORNE
• 6) ANIMAL-BORNE
• 7) WATER-BORNE

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THE BODYS DEFENCES

• SKIN
• ENZYMES
• BODY TEMPERATURE
• MUCOUS MEMBRANES
• ANTIBODIES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
• FEVER
• PAIN
• VACCINES bolstering the immune system

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UNCONTROLABLE RISK FACTORS

• 1) HEREDITY
• 2) AGING
• 3) ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

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CONTROLABLE RISK FACTORS

• 1) STRESS
• 2) NUTRITION
• 3) PHYSICAL FITNESS LEVEL
• 4) SLEEP
• 5) USE OF DRUGS
• 6) PERSONAL HYGIENE
• 7) HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOURS
• NOTE It is recognized today that most diseases
  are caused by the interaction of
  several factors from inside and outside the
  person (Multi-factorial)

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VIRUSES

• THE COMMON COLD caused by more than 100
  different viruses
• INFLUENZA viral disease of the respiratory tract
• MONONUCLEOSIS caused by the Epstein-Barr virus
• HEPATITIS viruses causes inflamed liver which
  results in fever, headache and jaundice
• MUMPS common viral disorder among children
• CHICKEN POX caused by herpes zoster varicella
  virus
• MEASLES (RUBELOA) most contagious disease known
  to humans. Milder form is Rubella (German
  Measles)

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EMERGING DISEASES

• SARS
• WEST NILE VIRUS
• AVIAN INFLUENZA
• E. COLI BACTERIA
• MAD COW DISEASE
• EBOLA VIRUS
• FLESH-EATING STREP
• LISTERIA
• H1N1
• MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE

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LIST AS MANY STIS AS POSSIBLE!

• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
• Gonorrhea
• Syphilis
• Chlamydia
• Pubic Lice
• Venereal Warts
• Candidiasis
• Trichomoniasis
• General Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
• Herpes
• AIDS (HIV)
• HVP (Human Papilloma Virus)