Address

1
Address

• A series of letters, numbers, and/or symbols by
  which you identify yourself and by which the
  Internet identifies a computer.
• A WWW address usually starts with "http//www"
  followed by a "dot" and then a domain name. The
  Internet is global, and most companies outside
  the United States use their country's
  abbreviation instead of the popular "dot com."

2
Applet

• A small program or application, usually written
  in Java, that runs on a Web browser and powers
  many of the fancier features (such as animation
  or computation).

3
ARPANet

• The precursor to the Internet, it was a network
  developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s by
  the U.S. Department of Defense. It was developed
  with the goal of being robust enough to survive a
  nuclear war.

4
ASCII

• The worldwide standard for the code numbers used
  by computers to represent all the uppercase and
  lowercase Latin letters, numbers, punctuation,
  and other symbols. There are 128 standard ASCII
  codes.

5
Backbone

• The Internet high-speed data highway, it serves
  as a major access point to which other networks
  connect.

6
Bandwidth

• The measured amount of information, that can be
  transmitted over a connection
• The higher the bandwidth, the greater the
  capacity of a channel to carry information.

7
Blog

• A Web site (or section of a Web site) where users
  can post a chronological, up-to-date e-journal
  entry of their thoughts.
• Short for Web log

8
Bookmark

• A direct link to an often visited site, saved in
  your browser for easy access.

9
Boolean

• A system of math that uses computational
  operators, such as AND, OR, NOT, and IF ... THEN
  to sort data.
• For example, on the Web you will come across the
  chance to use Boolean logic when using a search
  engine. These operators, when used in conjunction
  with keywords, enable the search engine to
  retrieve highly specific results. For example, a
  search for "recipe AND chocolate AND chip AND
  cookies NOT walnuts" will produce recipes for
  chocolate chip cookies that do not contain
  walnuts.

10
BPS

• Bits per second and is the measurement for
  bandwidth

11
Broadband

• Refers to the two main types of high-speed
  Internet service DSL (which you get from the
  phone company) or a cable connection (which you
  get from the cable company). There is also a
  third type of broadband connection called fiber
  optic (which can deliver TV channels as well as
  the Internet).

12
Browser

• A program used to view, download, upload, surf,
  or otherwise access documents (for example, Web
  pages) on the Internet.

13
Byte

• The fundamental data unit of personal computers,
  a byte is eight contiguous bits. The byte is also
  the basic unit of measurement for computer
  storage, storing the equivalent of one character.
  
• Kilobyte 1024 bytes
• Megabyte a million bytes
• Gigabyte a billion bytes

14
Chat

• A form of interactive online communication that
  enables users to have real-time conversations
  with other people who are also online.

15
Client/Server

• Refers to a network design in which the user's PC
  (the client) is the requesting machine and the
  server is the supplying machine.

16
Cookie

• A message given to a Web browser by a Web server.
  The message is then sent back to the server each
  time the browser requests a page from the server.
  
• The main purpose of cookies is to identify users
  and possibly prepare customized Web pages for
  them. When you enter a Web site using cookies,
  you may be asked to fill out a form providing
  such information as your name and interests. This
  information is packaged into a cookie and sent to
  your Web browser which stores it for later use.

17
Data Encryption

• The translation of data into a secret code.
• Encryption is the most effective way to achieve
  data security. To read an encrypted file, you
  must have access to a secret key or password that
  enables you to decrypt it.

18
Digital Divide

• A term used to describe the discrepancy between
  people who have access to and the resources to
  use new information and communication tools, such
  as the Internet, and people who do not have the
  resources and access to the technology.

19
Content Provider

• Service providers that create information,
  educational or entertainment content.
• Examples would include Google, Yahoo, MSN, etc.

20
Domain Name

• A name that identifies a computer or computers on
  the internet. These names appear as a component
  of a Web site's URL, e.g. Microsoft.com.
• This type of domain name is also called a
  hostname.

21
Download

• To copy data (usually an entire file) from a main
  source to a peripheral device.

22
Email

• Electronic communication through the Internet

23
FAQ

• An acronym meaning Frequently Asked Questions

24
Firewall

• A system designed to prevent unauthorized access
  to or from a private network.
• Firewalls can be implemented in both hardware and
  software, or a combination of both.

25
Flame

• To make insulting criticisms or remarks, as on a
  computer network, to incite anger.

26
FTP

• Short for File Transfer Protocol, the protocol
  (rules) for exchanging files over the Internet.

27
GIF

• Pronounced jiff or giff (hard g) stands for
  graphics interchange format, a bit-mapped
  graphics file format
• Because it is limited to 256 colors, it is more
  effective for scanned images such as
  illustrations (clipart) rather than color
  photographs

28
Gig

• Short for gigabyte or one million bytes of data

29
Hit

• The retrieval of any item, like a page or a
  graphic, from a Web server.

30
Home Page

• The main page of a Web site. Typically, the home
  page serves as an index or table of contents to
  other documents stored at the site.

31
Host

• A computer system that is accessed by a user
  working at a remote location.
• The system that contains the data is called the
  host, while the computer at which the user sits
  is called the remote terminal.

32
Hot Spot

• A hot spot provides users unrestricted access to
  the Internet via one or more wireless access
  points.

33
HTML

• Short for HyperText Markup Language, the
  authoring language used to create documents on
  the World Wide Web.

34
HTTP

• Short for HyperText Transfer Protocol, the
  underlying protocol used by the World Wide Web.
  HTTP defines how messages are formatted and
  transmitted, and what actions Web servers and
  browsers should take in response to various
  commands.

35
Hyperlinks

• An element in an electronic document that links
  to another place in the same document or to an
  entirely different document.

36
Icon

• A small picture that represents an object or
  program. Icons are very useful in applications
  that use windows, because with the click of a
  mouse button you can shrink an entire window into
  a small icon.

37
Image Map

• A single graphic image containing more than one
  hot spot.

38
Internet

• A global network connecting millions of computers.

39
IP Address

• An identifier for a computer or device on a the
  Internet.
• The format of an IP address is written as four
  numbers separated by periods. Each number can be
  zero to 255. For example, 1.160.10.240 could be
  an IP address.

40
ISP

• Short for Internet Service Provider, a company
  that provides access to the Internet.

41
Java

• Java is a programming language with a number of
  features that make the language well suited for
  use on the World Wide Web.
• Small Java applications are called Java applets
  and can be downloaded from a Web server and run
  on your computer by a Java-compatible Web
  browser, such as Netscape Navigator or Microsoft
  Internet Explorer.

42
JPEG

• A graphics file format commonly used for photos
  posted on the web.

43
LAN

• A computer network that spans a relatively small
  area. Most LANs are confined to a single building
  or group of buildings.

44
Lurking

• To eavesdrop on a chat room

45
Mailing List

• A list of e-mail addresses identified by a single
  name, such as mail-list_at_sandybay.com.
• When an e-mail message is sent to the mailing
  list name, it is automatically forwarded to all
  the addresses in the list.

46
Mail Server

• Often referred to as simply "mail server", an
  e-mail server is a computer within your network
  that works as your virtual post office.

47
MIDI

• Pronounced middy, an acronym for musical
  instrument digital interface, a standard adopted
  by the electronic music industry for controlling
  devices, such as synthesizers and sound cards,
  that emit music.

48
Modem

• Short for modulator-demodulator. A modem is a
  device or program that enables a computer to
  transmit data over, for example, telephone or
  cable lines.

49
Netiquette

• Contraction of Internet etiquette, the etiquette
  guidelines for posting messages to online
  services, and particularly Internet newsgroups.

50
Netscape

• Name of a web browser

51
Network

• A group of two or more computer systems linked
  together

52
Node

• In networks, a processing location. A node can be
  a computer or some other device, such as a
  printer

53
Packet

• A piece of a message transmitted over a network.
• One of the key features of a packet is that it
  contains the destination address in addition to
  the data.

54
Plug-In

• A hardware or software module that adds a
  specific feature or service to a larger system.
• For example, there are number of plug-ins for the
  Internet Explorer that enable it to display
  different types of audio or video messages.

55
Port

• An interface on a computer to which you can
  connect a device.

56
Posting

• To publish a message in an online forum or
  newsgroup.

57
Protocol

• An agreed-upon format for transmitting data
  between two devices

58
Proxy Server

• A server that sits between a client application,
  such as a Web browser, and a real server.
• It intercepts all requests to the real server to
  see if it can fulfill the requests itself. If
  not, it forwards the request to the real server.

59
Router

• A device that forwards data packets along
  networks.
• Routers are located at gateways, the places where
  two or more networks connect and determine the
  best route for the data to be forwarded.

60
Search Engine

• A program that searches documents for specified
  keywords and returns a list of the documents
  where the keywords were found.
• Also refers to services such as Google and Yahoo
  that search for documents on the World Wide Web.

61
Server

• A computer or device on a network that manages
  network resources.
• For example, a file server is a computer and
  storage device dedicated to storing files. A
  print server is a computer that manages one or
  more printers.

62
Shareware

• Software distributed on the basis of an honor
  system.
• Most shareware is delivered free of charge, but
  the author usually requests that you pay a small
  fee if you like the program and use it regularly.

63
Spam

• Electronic junk mail

64
Spyware

• Any software that covertly gathers user
  information through the users Internet
  connection without his/her knowledge, usually for
  advertising purposes.

65
T-1

• A dedicated phone connection supporting data
  rates of 1.544Mbits per second.
• T-1 lines are a popular leased line option for
  businesses connecting to the Internet and for
  Internet Service Providers (ISPs) connecting to
  the Internet backbone.

66
Trojan Horse

• A destructive program that masquerades as a
  benign application. Unlike viruses, Trojan horses
  do not replicate themselves but they can be just
  as destructive.

67
Unix

• Pronounced yoo-niks, a popular multi-user,
  multitasking operating system and one of first
  operating systems to be written in a high-level
  programming language (C).

68
Upload

• To transmit data from a computer to a bulletin
  board service, mainframe, or network.

69
URL

• Uniform Resource Locator, the global address of
  documents and other resources on the World Wide
  Web.

70
Virus

• A program or piece of code that is loaded onto
  your computer without your knowledge and runs
  against your wishes. Viruses can also replicate
  themselves.

71
World Wide Web

• A system of Internet servers that support
  specially formatted documents, as well as
  graphics, audio, and video files.