Historical Nursing

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Historical Nursing
Florence Nightingale
Presented byChris Angels
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Presentation Outline

• History
• Motivating factors and values
• Important contributions
• How we are affected today
• Pop quiz

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History

• Born in Italy on May 12, 1820.
• Named Florence, after the city she was born
  in
• Born to very wealthy, educated parents
• Traveled extensively, owned multiple estates
• Father was Cambridge educated, mother was a
  strong
• supporter of the abolition of slavery
• Well Educated
• Father believed women should have a strong
  education
• Florence and her sister learned Italian,
  Latin, Greek, history and
• mathematics. Florence especially excelled
  in mathematics.

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More History

• Broadening her horizons and seizing opportunity
• Florence began visiting the poor, but
  became
• interested in looking after the ill. She
  visited
• hospitals looking for occupations for
  women there
• Side note
• Nursing at that time was seen as
• employment that needed neither
• study nor intelligence nurses were
• considered to be little less
• than prostitutes or cooks.

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Introduction to Nursing

• Florence was visiting a convent where she met two
  French Sisters of St. Vincent de Paul. She
  admired the Sisters discipline and organization
  surmising they made better nurses than women in
  England
• She made a visit to the Institute of Protestant
  Deaconesses at Kaiserwerth in (founded for the
  care of the destitute and eventually a training
  school for women teachers and nurses)
• Her visit convinced her of the possibilities of
  making nursing a vocation for ladies

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Introduction to Nursing

• Spent three months at Kaiserwerth training as a
  sick nurse
• Upon returning home, she inspected hospitals in
  London, Edinburgh and Dublin
• In 1853, she accepted her first administrative
  post where she became the Superintendent of the
  Establishment for Gentlewomen.

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Crimean War 1854

• Reports of the sufferings of the sick and wounded
  in English camps inspired Florence to enlist her
  services
• She was offered plenary authority over all
  nurses and the fullest assistance and cooperation
  from medical staff.

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Upon Arrival

• Florences volunteers were inexperienced and
  the
• behavior of the orderlies was offensive to
  women
• Poor sanitation, cholera, typhus, frost-bite
  and lack of
• supplies, etc. led to over 2,000 sick and
  wounded in the
• hospital in 1855 with death rate rising to
  42. Doctors
• and nurses died as well due to conditions.

There were no vessels for water or utensils of
any kind no soap, no towels, or clothes, no
hospital clothes the men lying in their
uniforms, stiff and gore and covered with filth
to a degree and a kind no one should write about
their person covered with vermin (Florence
Nightingale and volunteers)
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Making a Difference

• Florence collected data, kept impeccable records
  and systematically used statistics to demonstrate
  the effects of poor sanitation and surgical
  practices on death rates.
• Diagram of the Causes of Mortality in the Army in
  the East (1858)
• With simple education, she was able to bring down
  the death rate from 42 to 2 in six months.

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In a Nutshell

• Florence was
• ? A pioneer of nursing
• ? The Founder of Modern Nursing
• ? A reformer of hospital sanitation methods
• ? Credited with proving that nursing could
  be a
• respectable profession

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Tidbits
? Florence inspired Jean Henri Dunant , one of
five founders of the International Committee of
the Red Cross (Geneva Switzerland) which in turn
inspired Clara Barton to form the American
National Red Cross aka American Red Cross . ?
There is a psychological effect named after her
called The Nightingale Effect, whereby nurses
and doctors fall in love with their patients. ?
Florence was known during the Crimean war as The
Lady with the Lamp, as she would tirelessly make
rounds of the patients after everyone had already
retired for the night. ? Florence wrote many
books throughout her life on nursing, the most
notable and widely used was Notes on Nursing
What Nursing Is, What Nursing Is Not (1860)

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Pop Quiz

• Florence Nightingale first improved sanitation
  and comfort for soldiers during the
  ____________war.
• Florence Nightingale lowered the death rate from
  42 to ______ during the war (from question 1).
• Florence Nightingale founded ________________.
• Florence wrote a 136p book entitled __________,
  which served as the curriculum at the Nightingale
  Training School, as well as reading for the
  public on a classic introduction to nursing.

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QUESTIONS ???
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Thank you!