PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAMME

1
PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAMME

• PROPOSED PROJECTS
• 2010-2015

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BACKGROUND

• Initiated in 1982 for horticultural crops
• Became a separate programme for all crops in 1995

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OBJECTIVES

• Conservation of local crop GRs
• Enhancement of utilization
• Raise awareness
• Policy and legislation

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ACHIEVEMENTS

• Collection and conservation of 11307 accessions
• Sorghum, Pearl millet, Sesame..
• Okra, Watermelon, Roselle, Banana..
• Characterization of more than 7000 accessions
• Splitting
• Preliminary evaluation

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INFRA-STRUCTURE

• Central seed bank, Wad Medani
• Regional seed bank, Elobeid

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INFRA-STRUCTURE

• Field genebank for banana, Kassala

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INFRA-STRUCTURE

• PGR Documentation System

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THEMESPROJECTS
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THEMES THRUSTS

• Conservation
• Utilization
• Information management
• Policy and legislation

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Theme CONSERVATION

• Project
• CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs.
• Germplasm collection
• Germplasm preservation
• On-farm conservation of germplasm
• Germplasm multiplication and regeneration
• Capacity building for ex-situ conservation

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Theme UTILIZATION

• 5 Projects
• ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs
• Cereals
• Oil crops
• Leguminous crops
• Vegetables and medicinal aromatic plants
• Vegetative propagated fruit species,

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Enhancement of utilization

• Morpho-agronomic characterization
• Molecular characterization
• Evaluation for desirable traits
• Germplasm splitting

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Theme INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

• Project
• DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
  RELATED TO CROP GRs.
• Passport data
• Characterization data
• Evaluation data
• Management data
• Access to PGR information

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Theme POLICY LEGISLATION

• Project
• DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL PGR POLICY AND LEGAL
  FRAMEWORK
• National PGR policy and action plan
• National legislation on PGR.
• International related frameworks
• Awareness raising

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PROJECTS ACTIVITIESFive Years (2010-2015)
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Team leader
• Dr. EL TAHIR IBRAHIM MOHAMED

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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Team Members
• Awadelkarim Alamelhuda Ahmed
• Elsadig Ahmed Abdalla
• Ali Zakaria babiker
• Mashaer Obaed Yousif
• Mohamed Ahmed Omer Elsafi
• (Ass. Sci.)
• Collaborators
• Tissue Culture Laboratory
• State Ministries of Agriculture

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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Rationale Collection GAPS

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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Rationale
• Gaps in the collection
• Geographical Darfur and South Sudan regions,
  other pockets
• Species date palm
• Need for high quality sufficient material for
  conservation and utilization
• Safety duplication
• Strengthening capacities

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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Objectives
• Germplasm gap filling
• Proper preservation of germplasm
• Seed bank
• Ex-situ conservation of vegetative propagated
  fruits
• Safety back-up system

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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Objectives
• Production of high quality seeds with sufficient
  quantities for conservation and utilization
• Physical capacity building

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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Collection of GRs of multi-crop species from Gezira state One year (2010) 5000
Collection of GRs of multi-crop species from Kordofan region 2 years (2010-2012) 8000
Collection of GRs of multi-crop species from Kassala and Gedarif States. One year (2011-2012) 5000
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Collection of GRs of multi-crop species from areas in Northern region One year (2011) 5000
Collection of GRs of Date palm from Northern region 3 years (2012-2015) 15000
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Collection of GRs of multi-crop species from Darfur region 3 years (2012-2015) 25000
Collection of GRs of multi-crop species from South Sudan 3 years (2013-2016) 30000
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Establishment of banana in-vitro genebank 2 years (2011- 2013) 30000
Establishment of a field gene bank for Date palm genetic resources 4 years (2011-2015 40000
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Preservation of crop GRs 5 years (2010-2015) 10000
Monitoring seed viability in the seed bank 5 years (2010-2015) 5000
Regeneration and multiplication of crop GRs 4 years (2011-2015) 12000
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Strengthening capacity of the central gene bank unit, Wad Medani 5 years (2010 2015) 500000
Strengthening the regional gene bank unit for western Sudan 2 years (2010-2012) 25000
PGR activities PGR activities 190000
Physical capacity building Physical capacity building 525000
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CONSERVATION OF CROP GRs

• Expected outputs
• GRs of crops ex-situ conserved satisfactorily
• Banana GRs safety duplicated in-vitro
• Date palm GRs ex-situ conserved in field.
• Seeds of GRs conserved with high quality
  sufficient quantities for utilization
• A GRs centre established with satisfactory
  capacities

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GENETIC
RESOURCES

• Team leader
• Dr. AWADELKARIM ALAMELHUDA AHMED

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Team Members
• Elsadig A. Abdalla
• Collaborators
• Breeder
• Soil water researcher
• Molecular biologist
• Food quality scientist

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Rationale
• Sudan as a region of origin and diversity
• Sorghum 4745 accessions
• Pearl millet 1603 accessions
• Maize 269 accessions
• Rice 10 accessions
• MOSTLY CHARACTERIZED

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Rationale
• Main food and feed crops
• Yield potential limited
• Drought
• Pests
• Quality potential not well known
• Industrial uses

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Rationale
• Describing and assessing the diversity is a key
  step

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Objectives
• Morpho-agronomic description of cereal GRs
• Development of core collections
• Promising germplasm for drought tolerance in
  sorghum
• Promising germplasm for production under specific
  farming systems
• Promising sorghum germplasm for industrial
  quality traits

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Morpho-ogranomic characterization of pearl millet GRs 3 years (2010-2013) 6000
Morpho-ogranomic characterization of cereal GRs 4 years (2011-2015) 8000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of sorghum for post-flowering drought tolerance One year (2010-2011) 3000
Evaluation of sorghum for stay green (drought tolerance) 2 years (2011-2013) 10000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of sorghum for pre-flowering drought tolerance 2 years (20132015) 6000
Evaluation of sorghum for winter production
Evaluation of sorghum industrial quality
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Preliminary evaluation of sorghum GRs in Gash Delta 2 years (2011-2013) 4000
Preliminary evaluation of pearl millet GRs in Gash/Toker Delta 2 years (2013-2015) 4000
Total Total 41000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Expected outputs
• Cereal GRs standard described and documented
• Core collections developed

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Expected outputs
• Sorghum germplasm with potential for drought
  tolerance identified
• Post-floweing
• Stay green
• Pre-flowering
• Sorghum germplasm adapted to winter identified

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF CEREAL GRs

• Expected outputs
• Sorghum and pearl millet germplasm with promising
  potential for Gash/Toker Delta identified
• Sorghum germplasm with potential for industrial
  uses identified

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Team leader
• ALI ZAKARIA BABIKER

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Collaborators
• Entomologist
• Molecular biologist
• Food quality scientist
• Breeder

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Rationale
• Sesame 315 accessions (cultivated and wild)
• Groundnut 98 accessions
• Cultivated material mostly characterized
• Need for characterization of wild material
• Molecular characterization needed

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Rationale
• Problems of insect pests in sesame
• Leaf roller and capsule borer (Mashatta)
• Yield potential
• Industrial quality traits in sesame
• Protein and oil content

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Objectives
• Standard characterization
• Morphological
• Molecular
• Development of core collections

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Objectives
• Identification of promising germplasm
• Yield potential
• Oil and protein contents
• Tolerance to insect pests in sesame

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Characterization of wild sesame GRs One year (2010-2011) 1000
Characterization of oil crops GRs 4 years (2011-2015) 6000
Molecular characterization of sesame GRs One year (2014-2015) 5000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of sesame GRs for resistance against pod borer One year (2010-2011) 2000
Evaluation of sesame GRs for industrial uses 2 years (2013-2015) 4000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of groundnut GRs for yield potential 2 years (2011-2013) 3000
Total Total 21000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Oil crops GRs standard described and documented
• Core collections developed

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF OIL CROPS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Promising sesame and groundnut GRs identified
• Yield potential
• Industrial uses
• Resistance/tolerance against pod borer in sesame

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Team leader
• ALI ZAKARIA BABIKER
• Team member
• El sadig A. Abdalla
• Collaborators
• Entomologist
• Molecular biologist
• Breeder

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Rationale
• Cowpea 276 accessions
• Faba bean120 accessions
• Kidney bean 74 accessions
• Pigeon pea 63 accessions
• Hyacinth bean 39 accessions
• Chickpea 35 accessions
• Mostly morphologically characterized
• Molecular characterization needed

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Rationale
• Cowpea sensitivity to the store pest infestation
• Drought problem in rain-fed areas for cowpea
• Yield potentials not studied

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Objectives
• Standard characterization
• Morphological
• Molecular
• Development of core collections

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Objectives
• Identification of promising cowpea GRs
• Yield potential
• Store pest resistance
• Drought tolerance
• Tolerance to insect pests in sesame
• Identification of promising Leg. GRs collected
  from Eastern Sudan

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Characterization of leg. GRs 4 years (2011-2015) 4000
Molecular characterization One year (2014-2015) 5000
Preliminary evaluation of Leg. GRs of eastern Sudan 2 years (2013-2015) 3000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of cowpea GRs for yield potential One year (2010-2011) 1000
Evaluation of cowpea GRs for resistance against store pests One year (2010-2011) 1000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of cowpea GRs for drought tolerance 2 years (2011-2013) 4000
Total Total 18000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Leguminous crops GRs standard described and
  documented
• Core collections developed

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Promising cowpea GRs identified
• Yield potential
• Resistance against store pests
• Drought tolerance
• Promising Leg. GRs identified
• Eastern Sudan (Gash Delta..etc.)

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND
MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS GRs

• Team leader
• MASHAER OBAED YOUSIF

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Team members
• El Tahir Ibrahim Mohamed
• Elsadig Ahmed Abdalla
• Collaborators
• Vegetable breeder
• Entomologist
• Molecular biologist

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Rationale
• More than 2700 accessions
• Okra, tomato, hot peepper, watermelon,
  melons..etc
• Roselle, dill, senna senna..etc
• Vegetables mostly characterized
• M A plants mostly uncharacterized
• Molecular characterization needed

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Rationale
• Splitting into pure lines initiated
• okra, watermelon and hot pepper
• Produced pure lines to be evaluated
• Yield and quality potential
• Resistance to stresses such as insects

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Objectives
• Study the diversity
• Morphological
• Molecular

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Objectives
• Development of pure line sub-accessions for
  utilization
• Identification of promising vegetables GRs
• Resistance to insect pests
• Yield and quality potentials
• Off-season production

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Characterization of newly collected vegetable GRs 4 years (2011-2015) 6000
Characterization of cucurbit GRs 5 years (2010-2015) 8000
Characterization of Solanceous GRs 5 years (20102015) 5000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Characterization of root and leafy vegetable GRs 2 years (20112013) 2000
Characterization of spice and medicinal plants GRs 3 years (2011-2014) 5000
Molecular characterization of vegetable GRs 4 years (2010-2014) 20000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Splitting of watermelon GRs 4 years (2010-2014) 6000
Splitting of pumpkin GRs 5 years start 2014-2015 2000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Splitting of okra GRs 5 years (20102015) 8000
Splitting of hot pepper GRs 4 years (20102014) 6000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Multiplication of split watermelon sub- accessions One year (2012-2013) 2000
Multiplication of split okra sub-accessions One year (2010-2011) 2000
Multiplication of split hot pepper sub-accessions One year (2012-2013) 2000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of watermelon split sub-accessions for yield and quality 2 years (2013-2015) 4000
Evaluation of okra sub-accessions for yield and quality Two years (2011-2013) 4000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of okra sub-accessions for resistance against insect pests 2 years (2012-2014) 4000
Evaluation of okra sub-accessions for off-season production during winter 2 years (2013-2015) 5000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Evaluation of hot pepper sub-accessions for yield and quality 2 years (2013-2015) 4000
Evaluation of hot pepper sub-accessions for resistance against insect pests 2 years (20132015) 4000
Total Total 99000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Vegetable genetic diversity described and
  documented
• Core collections developed for further evaluation
  and utilization
• Spice and medicinal plants GRs standard described
  and documented

78
ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Pure lines developed for evaluation and
  utilization

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF VEGETABLES AND MED.
AR. PLANTS GRs

• Expected outputs
• Promising vegetable GRs identified and
  recommended
• Yield
• Off season production (Okra)
• Quality
• Resistance to insect pests

80
ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Team leader
• ELSADIG AHMED ABDALLA

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Team members
• Mohamed Ahmed Omer Elsafi
• Collaborators
• Nematologist
• Pomologists

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Rationale
• Banana 359 accessions in Kassala field genebank
• 301 accessions morphologically characterized
• Partially being molecularly characterized
• Preliminary evaluated for yield and quality
• Radopholus similes (Burway) nematode is major
  pest of banana

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Rationale
• Date palm GRs are targeted for collection
• Date palm field genebank

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Objectives
• Complete banana characterization
• Identification of promising banana GRs
• yield and quality
• Resistance to Nematode

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Objectives
• Study of date palm GRs
• Present status on farm
• Threats
• Diversity

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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Characterization of banana in the field gene bank One year (2010-2011) 3000
Preliminary evaluation of banana GRs for yield and quality One year (2010-2011) 3000
Evaluation of banana GRs against nematodes 4 Years (20112015) 10000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES
Activity Duration Budget (SDG)
Study of on-farm diversity of date palm GRs in northern region One year (2010-2011) 10000
Morpho-agronomic characterization of date palm GRs 2 years (2013-2015) 8000
Total Total 34000
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ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Expected outputs
• Banana GRs fully described, documented
• Promising banana GRs identified
• Yield and quality potential
• Resistance against nematode

89
ENHANCEMENT OF UTILIZATION OF GRs OF VEGETATIVE
PROPAGATED FRUIT SPECIES

• Expected outputs
• Present status of date palm GRs documented
• Diversity in date palm GRs studied and documented

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DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs
INFORMATION

• Team leader
• ALI ZAKARIA BABIKER
• Team members
• Mashaer obaed Yousif
• Mohamed Ahmed Omer Elsafi

91
DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs INFORMATION

• Rationale
• Passport data on more than 11000 accessions
• Characterization data on 60
• Management data
• Need for proper documentation
• Access and retrieval
• Management
• Utilization

92
DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs INFORMATION

• Objectives
• Improvement of germplasm management operations.
• Facilitation of access to PGR information for
  utilization purposes

93
DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs INFORMATION

• Activities
• Documentation of PGR data
• Passport data
• Characterization and evaluation data
• Management data

94
DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs INFORMATION

• Expected outputs
• Conserved germplasm properly managed
• Gaps in collections identified
• Information gaps identified
• Access to PGR information facilitated and, hence,
  utilization enhanced

95
DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs INFORMATION

• Activities
• Documentation
• SESTO system
• Ex cel
• Facilitation of access to GRs information
• Networks
• Publication of GRs catalogues

96
DOCUMENTATION AND EXCHANGE OF CROP GRs INFORMATION

• Duration 5 years (2010-2015)
• Budget SDG 30000

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DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL PGR POLICY AND LEGAL
FRAMEWORKs

• Collaboration with concerned authorities
• Ministry of Agriculture
• Ministry of Environment
• Ministry of Justice

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DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL PGR POLICY AND LEGAL
FRAMEWORKs

• Rationale
• PGR part of natural resources
• Sovereign rights
• International conventions
• Lack of policies and legislations

99
DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL PGR POLICY AND LEGAL
FRAMEWORKs

• Objectives Activities
• Development and endorsement of national PGR
  policy and action plan
• Development and endorsement of national
  legislation on PGR
• Implementation of international related
  frameworks
• Awareness raising

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THE PROCESS
101
OUTLINES OF PROPOSED PROJECTS
THEME PROJECTs ACTIVITIES
Conservation
Utilization
Information management
Policy and legislation
102
PROJECT SUMMARY FORM (2010-2015)
Project title
Principal investigator/ Team leader
Team members /Collaborators
Rationale
Objectives
Duration
Activities
Expected outputs
Budget
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PROJECT ACTIVITIES SUMMARY FORM (2010-2015)
Project Title Project Title Project Title Project Title
Principal investigator/Team leader Principal investigator/Team leader Principal investigator/Team leader Principal investigator/Team leader
Activity Scientists involved (Team members) Duration (specify dates) Budget (SDG)




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THANKS