Standard Training Procedures

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Standard Training Procedures
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BO 105 EC 135 BK 117 /
EC 145
OEI Procedures !
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D i s c l a i m e r
The information given in this presentation
represents my personal view and deals with
general airmanship ! I will not take
responsibility in case of training
accidents. Allways the current Flight Manual of
the helicopter used for training has to be
regarded as the correct source of information.
The autor
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Lets talk aboutOEI during normal cruise flight !
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
Pilots should be always aware of their power
setting ! (specially on twin engine helicopters)
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
Why ???
100
50
TORQUE
0
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
Cause if one engine fails - and the collective is
not changed
100
50
TORQUE
0
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
the good engine will (more ore less) have to
double the torque!
100
50
TORQUE
0
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
the good engine will (more ore less) have to
double the torque!
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50
TORQUE
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
Logically 2 X 50 equals 1 X 100 !
2 X 60 1 X 120 ! and so
on!
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
So, if (for example) your 2.5 min.-power would be
max 120 Tq - and
your engine OEI-limit at present ambient
condition is Tq rated - and your power
setting before engine failure does not exceed 2 x
60 Tq,
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
you would have 2,5 min. time to lower the
collective in case of engine failure !
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50
TORQUE
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
you would have 2,5 min. time to lower the
collective in case of engine failure !
Keeping this in mind will help you to find out
how much collective change is necessary to stay
within OEI-limits in case of engine failure !
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50
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
From my experiance - an EC 135 P2 or T2 is up to
approx. 2000 ft PA and 20C in OEI still TRQ
limited. With both engines running TRQ will be
the limit up to approx. 10 000 ft PA !
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50
TORQUE
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
At engine failure
1. Collective set to 2,5 min. PWR or below
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Standard Procedures
O E I during cruise flight
At engine failure
1. Collective set to 2,5 min. PWR or below
2. Speed reduce slowly (if necessary to Vy)
3. Identify engine problem (Engine failure ? Trim
problem? Fuel management problem?)
4. In case of engine failure - Set
collective to MCP and verify which engine has
failed - Perform OEI shutdown
5. Land as soon as practicable with a single
engine landing
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Standard Procedures
How to perform a OEI - landing?
Perform a normal approach until LDP and then
L D P
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Standard Procedures
How to perform a OEI - landing?
1. Reduce speed slowly to terminate approach
with - minimum speed / maximum power - (if
possible out of a hover)
L D P
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Standard Procedures
How to perform a OEI - landing?
1. Reduce speed slowly to terminate approach
with - minimum speed / maximum power - (if
possible out of a hover)
L D P
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Standard Procedures
How to perform a OEI - landing?
2. Maintain heading (skid always aligned with
moving direction)
L D P
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Standard Procedures
How to perform a OEI - landing?
3. After touch down - lower collective slowly
L D P
4. When the helicopter comes to a stop -
Perform shut down procedure
STOP
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Standard Procedures
Review of O E I landing
Perform a normal approach until LDP and then 1.
Reduce speed slowly to terminate approach with
- minimum speed / maximum power - (if possible
out of a hover)
2. Maintain heading (skid always aligned with
moving direction)
3. After touch down - lower collective slowly
L D P
4. When the helicopter comes to a stop -
Perform shut down procedure
STOP
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Lets talk aboutOEI during normal take off !
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective down and
Cyclic stick / initiate flare (if height
permitts)
T D P

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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective down and
Cyclic stick / initiate flare (if height
permitts)
T D P

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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective down and
Cyclic stick / initiate flare (if height
permitts) 2. Collective and stick set for normal
approach descent
T D P

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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
3. Speed reduce to terminate approach with -
minimum speed / maximum power - if possible hover
T D P

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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
3. Speed reduce to terminate approach with -
minimum speed / maximum power - if possible hover
4. After touch down - lower collective slowly
T D P

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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
5. When the helicopter comes to a stop -
Perform O E I shut down
T D P
STOP
Actual rejected Take off distance

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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
T D P
STOP
STOP
Actual rejected Take off distance
For take off planing - keep in mind, the whorst
case rejected take off distance !

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Standard Procedures
Review - O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective down and
Cyclic stick / initiate flare (if height
permitts) 2. Collective and stick set for normal
approach descent
3. Speed reduce to terminate approach with -
minimum speed / maximum power - if possible hover
4. After touch down - lower collective slowly
5. When the helicopter comes to a stop -
Perform O E I shut down
T D P
STOP

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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
T D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
T D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
T D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
3. At Vy - set OEI / MCP
T D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
4. Continue climb and perform O E I shutdown
T D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
Review - O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
3. At Vy - set OEI / MCP
4. Continue climb and perform O E I shutdown
T D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
If failure occures after TDP ?
Same procedure !
T D P
Additional safety !!
Minimum height
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Lets talk aboutOEI during normal landing !
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
L D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy
L D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
3. At Vy - set OEI / MCP
L D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
4. Continue climb and perform O E I shutdown
L D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
Review of O E I before Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5
min. PWR 2. Speed adjust slowly to Vy 3. At Vy -
set OEI / MCP 4. Continue climb and perform O E I
shutdown
L D P
Vy
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Standard Procedures
O E I before Decision
If failure occures before LDP ?
Same procedure !
L D P
Additional safety !!
Vy
Minimum height
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on point of failure) 2.
Speed reduce slowly to terminate approach with
- minimum speed / maximum power - if possible
hover!
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on point of failure) 2.
Speed reduce slowly to terminate approach with
- minimum speed / maximum power - if possible
hover!
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on point of failure) 2.
Speed reduce slowly to terminate approach with
- minimum speed / maximum power - if possible
hover!
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
3. After touch down - lower collective slowly
L D P
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Standard Procedures
O E I after Decision
4. When the helicopter comes to a stop -
Perform O E I shut down
L D P
STOP
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Standard Procedures
Review of O E I after Decision
At engine failure 1. Collective maintain
position (depending on point of failure) 2.
Speed reduce slowly to terminate approach with
- minimum speed / maximum power - if possible
hover
3. After touch down - lower collective slowly
4. When the helicopter comes to a stop -
Perform O E I shut down
L D P
STOP
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Lets talk aboutOEI during HIGE !
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Standard Procedures
O E I at H I G E
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. Make smooth forward movement
(if possible), maintain level attitude and
accept possible NRO drop

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H I G E
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. Make smooth forward movement
(if possible), maintain level attitude and
accept possible NRO drop
3. After touch down - lower collective 4.
Perform O E I shut down

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Lets talk aboutOEI during HOGE !
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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power)

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
30 KIAS
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
30 KIAS
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing
In case of go around 4. Pull slowly on cyclic
stick to stop acceleration and descent,
thereafter adjust speed to Vy

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
Vy
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing
In case of go around 4. Pull slowly on cyclic
stick to stop acceleration and descent,
thereafter adjust speed to Vy
5. At Vy set MCP - continue climb and perform O
E I shutdown

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
30 KIAS
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing
In case of landing

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
30 KIAS
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing
In case of landing 4. Collective and stick set
for normal approach descent and perform a
standard single engine landing

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
30 KIAS
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing
In case of landing 4. Collective and stick set
for normal approach descent and perform a
standard single engine landing

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Standard Procedures
O E I at H O G E
30 KIAS
At engine failure 1. Collective set to 2,5 min
power or maintain position (depending on
available power) 2. At the same time set cyclic
stick between 5-10 nose down attitude to gain
speed 3. At 30 KIAS (and if height / obstacles
permitt) decide to make a go around or a
single engine landing
In case of landing 4. Collective and stick set
for normal approach descent and perform a
standard single engine landing
5. After landing perform OEI emergency shut down

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Standard Training Procedures
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Many happy landings and enjoy your OEI training !