A r o m a S o f t

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A r o m a S o f t
The Embedded JavaTM Platform Experts
A r o m a S o f t
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Java 101
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What is Java?

• As a language ...
• Object oriented programming language
• Elements from C, C and other languages
• Highly-tuned for the internet environment

• As a platform ...
• Write once and run anywhere
• Architecture neutral
• Highly-portable

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Java Language

• Concurrency like Mesa
• Exceptions like Modula-3
• Dynamic linking of new code like Lisp
• Interface definitions like Object C
• Automatic storage management like Lisp
• Ordinary statements from C

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Java Platform
Java Application Programs
Java Class Libraries
Java Virtual Machine
Hardware Platform
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Java Virtual Machine
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So what?

• Common API ABI
• Portable across different hardware
• Availability of software engineers (2.5 million
  Java programmers)
• After market software / post issuance
• Less code, less time and less effort
• Development environment independent

• Highly-tuned for the internet environment
• Built-in security Secure from downloaded errant
  code
• Lightweight distributed No all-or-nothing
  monster downloads
• Being ready for massively interconnected world -
  Ubiquitous Computing Era

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Isnt Java memory hog?
E-mail
E-mail
PIM
PIM
Internet Browser
Internet Browser
JVM (For running Java Applets and Java Scripts)
Java Platform (kernel subsystems JVM Java
Class Libraries)
Traditional Platform (kernel subsystems)
Native Code
Java Code
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Performance?
The art of making tradeoffs
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Ubiquitous Computing
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Java 2 The UC Fitness
Java Classes
Java Classes
Smart Card Profile
HotSpot
JVM
CVM
KVM
Card VM
Servers Workstations PCs Thin
Clients Battery Powered Card
J2EE
J2SE
J2ME (Java 2 Micro Edition)
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J2ME Configurations Profiles
Screen Phone Profile
Car Profile
TV Profile
Mobile Information Device Profile
DoCoMo Java Profile
Kittyhawk Profile
OEM Extensions
OEM Extensions
CDC Foundation Classes
CLDC Core Classes
JVM / CVM
KVM

• 32bit and up processor core
• 75MHz and up processing power
• 4MB 16MB Non-volatile memory
• 4MB 32MB Volatile memory

• 16, 32bit processor core
• 16MHz and up processing power
• 2MB 4MB Non-volatile memory
• 256KB 1MB Volatile memory

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J2ME Specification Nest
CLDC Core Classes
JVM / CVM
KVM
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Capability Features
Core APIs (Must be present in all platforms)
Features
Capability
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Forces driving adoption of Java

• Increase in device complexity and functionality

• Demand for convenient internet access

• Decreasing price of memory and processor power

• Large pool of Java developers

• Capitalizing on third party software

• Reusing code across different hardware

Source VDC, 1999
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Future prospects of Java

• Shipment of Java enabled embedded devices will
  increase by 114 CAGR, while the traditional
  devices increase by 43 CAGR.

• In consumer electronics, mobile phones and
  set-top boxes will be the leaders in Java
  adoption.

• Service providers will play an increasingly
  important role from the end-user perspective for
  the industrys progression towards after market
  and remote software upgrades.

Source VDC, 1999
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and the industry says
51 OF COMPANIES SAY JAVA IS E-BUSINESS
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE OF CHOICE
Cutter Consortium, 1999
"We look at any application in terms of
robustness and scalability. Java technology has a
proven record at Schwab on both these counts.
That is the first reason we chose Java
technology. If wireless takes off, we want
something stable that will scale easily. And
second, as new applications come along, it will
be easier to expose the Java technology to new
interfaces."
Charles Schwab, 2000
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Java in Wireless Services

• Committed
• LG TeleCom
• NTT DoCoMo
• SK Telecom
• (Non Sun Authorized)

• Trial Deployment Now
• ATT Wireless
• Cingular
• Sprint PCS
• Verizon

• Trial Deployment
• in Summer 2001
• One2one (UK)
• Vodafone (UK)
• Omnitel (Italy)
• Telefonica (Spain)

• Planning
• FarEaston (Taiwan)
• Smartone (Hong Kong)

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Handset Vendors Committed to Deploying Java

• Nokia
• Motorola
• Siemens
• SONY
• Samsung
• Mitsubishi
• Fujitsu
• Matsushita
• NEC

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CLDC
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CLDC Connected Limited Device Configuration

• What it is
• Defines Virtual Machine specification for KVM
• Defines Core Class Libraries to be deployed
  across all devices with KVM
• Defines input and output
• Defines networking
• Defines security model
• Defines internationalization
• Application life cycle management

• What its NOT
• Application model
• User interface
• Event handling

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Why CLDC?

• If the label says One size fits all, it fits no
  one.
• Ed Murphy

• Incremental deployment the definition of the
  word Limited in CLDC shifts with particular
  application and technology innovation

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KVM QA (1)

• GC? ????? ???? ??
• Mark Sweep GC
• 2 pass operation
• Scan the memory and mark the objects to discard
• Sweep the memory, discarding marked objects
• GC kicks in on first failure to allocate memory
  for application object

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KVM QA (2)

• ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ???? ??
• ?? ?30KB (JAR File)
• Decompress??? Heap? ???? ? 45KB
• ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??

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KVM QA (3)

• ?? ???? ??? ?? ? ??? ??? ? ? ?? ??
• ???? ??? ?? Data? ?? ??
• ???? ??? ?? ???? JTAG? ?? ??? ??

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KVM QA (4)

• ???? ??? ??? ?? ??
• ???? Object ?? ??
• ??? ? Primitive Data Type ?? ??