SENSORY GAME

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SENSORY GAME Adult Health I Spring Session - 2005
Susie Forehand Sandra C. Pendergraft
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Which type vision problem would this patient have?

• Myopia
• Hyperopia
• Astigmatism
• Macular degeneration

TIME
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Hyperopia (farsightedness)
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What is the correct medical definition of a
cataract?
TIME
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A cataract is an opacity of the lens that
distorts the image projected onto the retina.
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What are the three types of hearing loss?
TIME
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• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed

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What are the 3 common causes of cataracts?
TIME
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• Aging
• Trauma
• Exposure to toxic substances

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List at least 3 dietary or lifestyle changes
which are used to manage vertigo.
TIME
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• Restriction of salt and fluids
• Stop smoking
• Slow head movements
• Drug therapy

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What are the early manifestations of cataracts?
TIME
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• Blurred vision
• Decreased color perception

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The following is the patho of _________.
Overproduction of, or decreased absorption of,
endolymphatic fluid . . . Causing distortion of
the entire inner canal system . . . Leads to
decreased hearing from dilation of the cochlear
duct and . . . Vertigo due to damage to the
vestibular system.
TIME
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Menieres disease
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Which type vision problem would this patient have?

• Myopia
• Hyperopia
• Astigmatism
• Cataract

TIME
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A. MYOPIA
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What is the normal range for IOP (intraocular
pressure)?
TIME
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10 21 mm Hg
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List 3 types of glaucoma.
TIME
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1. Primary 2. Secondary 3. Associated
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What type glaucoma is the most common?
TIME
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Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)
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Give at least 2 examples of causes of primary
glaucoma
TIME
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• Aging
• Heredity
• Central retinal vein occlusion

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Name at least 2 late manifestations of cataracts.
TIME
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1. Diplopia 2. Reduced visual acuity 3. Absence
of red reflex 4. Presence of white pupil
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Vision with
Early cataract Late cataract
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What are 2 types of pre-op meds commonly given
prior to cataract surgery?
TIME
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• Sedatives
• Oral acetazolamide (Ex Diamox)

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Which vision problem is depicted by this graphic?
TIME
Dry macular degeneration
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What is the purpose of sympathomimetic drugs
prior to cataract extraction?
TIME
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To achieve mydriasis and vasoconstriction.
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What is the purpose of giving parasympatholytic
drops prior to cataract surgery?
TIME
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To induce paralysis and thus prevent lens
movement.
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What is the difference between extracapsular and
intracapsular cataract extraction?
TIME
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EXTRACAPSULAR EXTRACTION Only the anterior
portion of the capsule is opened and
removed. INTRACAPSULAR EXTRACTION The entire
lens and capsule are removed.
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EXTRACAPSULAR INTRACAPSULAR
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Which type cataract extraction is most common?
TIME
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EXTRACAPSULAR
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What disease is described below?
A group of ocular diseases which result in
INCREASED INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE (IOP). Aqueous
humor builds up in the eye and the increase in
pressure reduces blood flow to the optic nerve
and the retina. ?Nerve tissue becomes ischemic
and dies. ?Peripheral vision is lost . . . then
?Central vision is lost . . . then ?Blindness
TIME
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glaucoma
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The following statement describes the
pathophysiology of ___ _______ ____________. Atro
phic or dry sclerosing of retinal capillaries
causes macular cells to become ischemic and
necrotic.
TIME
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dry macular degeneration
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Name at least 2 vision deficits of dry macular
degeneration.
TIME
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• Loss of central vision
• Mild blurring
• Distortion

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The following statement describes the
pathophysiology of ___ _______ ____________. Serou
s detachment of the pigment epithelium in the
macula.
TIME
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wet macular degeneration
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Name 2 manifestations of wet macular degeneration.
TIME
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1. Sudden decrease in vision 2. Distortion of
vision
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What are the 2 mechanisms of drug therapy for
reducing IOP?
TIME
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• Constriction of pupils
• Inhibition of aqueous humor

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When is laser surgery recommended for glaucoma?
TIME
When medical therapy has been ineffective.
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Name 3 distinct characteristics of Menieres
disease.
TIME
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• Tinnitus
• Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss
• Vertigo

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What are the 2 early manifestations of glaucoma?
TIME
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• Increased IOP
• Diminished accommodation

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List at least 4 late manifestations of glaucoma.
TIME
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1. Diminished visual fields 2. Uncorrectable
decreased visual acuity 3. Halos around lights 4.
Headaches or eye pain 5. Increased cup-disc
ratio 6. Pale optic disc
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Mild to Moderate Glaucoma
Acute Glaucoma
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What is the name of the instrument used to
measure IOP?
TIME
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TONOMETER
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What is the name of the laser procedure used to
reduce IOP?
TIME
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Trabeculoplasty
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Which type macular degeneration is the most
common?
TIME
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Atrophic (dry)
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Name at least 1 surgical procedure used to treat
Menieres disease if medical treatment is
ineffective.
TIME
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• Labyrinthectomy
• Endolymphatic decompression

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What 2 pathophysiological factors are involved in
the development of cataracts in the elderly?
TIME
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• Gradual loss of water by the lens
• Increase in density of the lens

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WERE DONE! Time to see which group gets
bragging rights.