Chapter 16 Vocabulary

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Chapter 16 Vocabulary

• Ten of these terms will end up on your Chapter
  testlearn them all!

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Boer

• Dutch farmer in southern Africa

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capitalism

• Investment of money to make a profit

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conquistador

• Spanish conqueror

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creole

• American-born descendant of Spanish settlers

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encomienda

• The right to demand labor or tribute from Native
  Americans in a particular area

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Pilgrim

• English Protestant who rejected practices of the
  Church of England

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tariff

• Tax on imported goods

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mestizo

• Person of mixed Spanish and Native American
  descent

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Middle Passage

• Part of a trade network that sent enslaved people
  from Africa to the Americas

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inflation

• Economic cycle that involves a rise in prices
  linked to a sharp increase in available money

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plantation

• Large estate run by an owner or overseer

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viceroy

• Person appointed to rule a Spanish province in
  the kings name

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Bartolomé de Las Casas

• Spanish priest who worked to end abuses against
  Native Americans

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Samuel de Champlain

• Founder of Quebec

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Moctezuma

• Aztec emperor

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Shaka

• Zulu leader who waged war against nearby peoples
  in southern Africa

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Usman dan Fodio

• Fulani scholar who set up an Islamic state in
  West Africa

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STOP HERE!

• For Now!

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Main Ideas

• Memorize these as well as you know your own phone
  number!

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• Spanish explorers traveled to the Americas to
  find gold.

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• The culture that developed in Brazil blended
  Native American and African influences with those
  of Portugal.

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• One result from encounters between the Spanish
  and Native Americans was the Native American
  population declined.

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• The Treaty of Paris of 1763 resulted in British
  control of eastern North America.

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• Corn represents a Native American influence on
  European colonists.

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• By the 1500s, the most important element of
  African trade with Europeans was enslaved
  Africans.

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• Europes middle class during the 1500s and 1600s
  enjoyed a comfortable life.

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• Many of the new kingdoms that developed in West
  Africa in the early modern age were influenced by
  Islamic reforms.

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• Christopher Columbus began a vast global exchange.

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• Mercantilism was based on a belief that a
  nations real wealth was measured in its gold and
  silver treasure.

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Critical Thinking

• The following ideas are a bit more complex and
  require you to think at a higher level. They also
  require more study time.

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What role did the Catholic Church play
ingoverning Spains American empire?

• Church leaders served as royal officials and
  helped regulate activities of Spanish settlers in
  the Americas.
• Missionaries worked to emphasize loyalty to the
  king of Spain and to introduce Spanish culture to
  Native Americans.

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How did Columbus begin a global exchange?

• Columbus brought people, plants, and animals from
  the Americas to Europe.
• He also took European settlers, plants, and
  animals to the Americas.
• This exchange sparked a vast movement of people,
  ideas, and technologies.

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What were the results of the first
Spanishencounters with Native Americans?

• The Spanish seized Native American resources,
  enslaved the people and forced them to convert to
  Christianity, and introduced diseases that wiped
  out Native American populations.

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What was the impact of the Atlantic slave trade
on Africa?

• As a result of the slave trade, West Africa lost
  much of its population. Some African societies
  and small states disappeared.
• New states, whose way of life depended upon the
  slave trade, rose in West Africa during the 1600s
  and 1700s.