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Animal Behavior

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Male animals: They tend to be viewed as the dominant animal in the pack, they tend to be the protectors. Why Do Wild Animals Have These Behaviors? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Animal Behavior


1
Animal Behavior
2
What Are We Going To Learn?
  • Common animal behaviors
  • Wild animal behaviors
  • Unwanted animal behaviors and how to correct
    them.
  • Training techniques
  • Researching behavior

3
What is Behavior?
  • Give me your definition!
  • Definition
  • a the manner of conducting oneself
  • b anything that an organism does involving
    action and response to stimulation
  • c the response of an individual, group, or
    species to its environment
  • d the response of an individual or animal to
    past experiences and memories.

4
What Are Some Common Animal Behaviors?
  • Happy
  • Sad
  • Anxiety
  • Hunger
  • Aggression

5
How Do These Behaviors Relate to Human Behavior?
  • Humans share all of the same behaviors!

6
What Are Other Types of Behaviors?
  • Living in herds and packs vs. living solitary
    lives
  • Two reasons to live in herds or packs
  • 1. Protection from predators
  • 2. Hunting packs- more efficient at
    capturing prey.

7
Solitary Lives
  • Why do some animals live solitary lives?
  • Some animals live alone because there are not
    enough resources to support more than one animal
    in the territory (i.e. food, shelter, etc)

8
Other Types Of Behaviors
  • Prey vs. predator behaviors
  • Some prey animals react to a predator very
    differently from other prey animals. For example

Horses Run away from predators.
9
Other Types Of Behaviors
  • Predator animals can either live solitary lives
    or live in packs.
  • They live in packs not for protection like prey
    animals, but for easier hunting.
  • Some predator animals do live in social or family
    groups (such as a pride of lions).

10
What Are Some Behavior Differences Between Male
And Female Animals?
  • Female animals tend to take care of the young,
    some females are the hunters and gather the food
    for their young and the males.

11
Why Do Wild Animals Have These Behaviors?
  • SURVIVAL OF THE SPECIES!!!!!
  • These behaviors aid in hunting and protecting the
    pack or herd and those two things are vital to
    the survival of the species as a whole!

12
How Did Animals Get These Behaviors?
  • 1. Genotype - Inherited Traits These behaviors
    are part of the animals genetic makeup and are
    due the evolution of the packs overtime.
  • 2. Learned Behaviors The animals learn from
    certain experiences they have had and this can
    shape how they act when presented with that
    experience again.
  • 3. Present Environment The animals must adapt to
    whatever environment they are currently in, in
    order to survive.

13
Back to Domestic Animals!Why Do We Care?
  • Why is it important to recognize behaviors?

14
More Detail on Recognizing Behaviors
  • Happy-
  • 1. Panting, relaxed expression
  • 2. Excited tail wag
  • 3. Play bow
  • 4. Tail thumping on the floor

15
How Do You Recognize Certain Behaviors in
Domestic Animals?
  • Anxiety in dogs
  • 1. One paw raised
  • 2. Nervous licking
  • 3. Tucked tail
  • 4. Barking or whining
  • 5. Tail drop for curly tail dogs
  • 6. Urination/defecation
  • 7. Only wagging the end of their tail.
  • Anxiety in Cats
  • 1. Swishing tail
  • 2. Growling
  • 3. Dilated eyes

16
Recognizing Certain Behaviors Cont.
  • Aggression in dogs
  • 1 . Growling/snarling
  • 2. Snapping
  • 3. Aggressive barking
  • 4. Lunging while leashed with snapping
  • 5. Standing still with a wide-based stance and a
    low head
  • Aggression in cats
  • 1. Growling/hissing
  • 2. Swishing tail
  • 3. Spitting
  • 4. Swiping at you with their claws

17
Some Unwanted Behaviors in Domestic Animals
  • Fear biting Usually due to the animal being in
    a state of panic rather than being aggressive.

18
Dog Bites
  • Who is most likely to get bit?
  • Children under 15 years of age.
  • Males
  • Dog owners.
  • What type of dog is most likely to bite?
  • Family pets more than strays
  • Scared dogs
  • Aggressive dogs
  • Hungry dogs
  • Any dog can bite!!!

19
How To Prevent A Dog Bite
  • 1. Keep dog leashed when in public
  • 2. Socialize your dog from a young age
  • 3. Dont take your dog into situations where it
    might feel unsafe or uneasy
  • 4. Be cautious around unfamiliar dogs
  • 5. Teach children to ask permission before they
    pet a dog
  • 6. Avoid direct eye contact and do not yell or
    run.
  • 7. Keep your arms down at your sides and do not
    hover over the dog.
  • 8. When around an unfamiliar animal talk in a
    calm, soothing voice so as not to upset the
    animal.

20
More Unwanted Behaviors
  • Urinating in the house
  • 1. Fear
  • 2. Submission
  • 3. Separation anxiety
  • 4. New addition to the family
  • 5. Marking territory
  • 6. Lack of proper housetraining

21
How To Prevent Urinating In The House
  • 1. Basic housetraining
  • Be sure the dog is outside when it is going to
    need to eliminate
  • Go out with the dog to be sure it does eliminate
  • Reward the appropriate behavior
  • 2. If a dog is submissive urinating, never scold
    it for doing so. Stay calm, try to identify the
    action that caused the animal to submissive
    urinate, and avoid it in the future.

22
More Unwanted Behaviors
  • Excessive barking
  • 1. Alert/warning
  • 2. Attention seeking
  • 3. Boredom
  • 4. Lonely
  • 5. Anxious

23
How To Prevent Excessive Barking
  • 1. Stay calm and do not shout no at the dog.
  • 2. Get their attention and make them sit or lie
    down, this will sometimes relax them.
  • 3. Do not hug or try to comfort your dog when
    they are barking, this will just reinforce the
    unwanted behavior.
  • 4. If they are barking to get your attention,
    ignore them until they stop and then pay
    attention to them.
  • 5. If they are barking because they are bored,
    give them more enrichment activities such as toys
    and chew bones to keep them occupied.

24
More Unwanted Behaviors
  • Jumping on people
  • Attention seeking
  • Excited
  • Asserting dominance (least likely)

25
How To Prevent Jumping On People
  • 1. Teach them from a young age that jumping is
    unacceptable.
  • 2. Never cuddle or hug your dog when they jump on
    you, this sends mixed signals to your dog when
    you scold them for jumping on someone else.
  • 3. When your dog jumps at you, turn your body to
    the side to make them miss you, and then ignore
    them so they know they dont get attention for
    jumping.

26
How To Train a Dog
  • There are 2 ways to train an animal
  • Classical Conditioning- A conditioning stimulus
    is applied and the unlearned behavior is then
    performed.
  • Operant Conditioning-Uses consequences to modify
    the occurrence of a learned behavior.
  • Training

27
Clicker Training
  • Is a form of operant conditioning
  • The clicker is much faster than saying "good dog"
    and it can be used with treats to reward a dog
    for good behavior.
  • How to
  • 1. Get a clicker and a handful of your dog's
    favorite treats.
  • 2. Click the clicker and then immediately give
    your dog a treat, repeat this several times.
  • 3. Try using the clicker when the dog is not
    paying attention to you and if he looks at you
    give him a treat.
  • 4. Finally, when your dog follows your command or
    does something that deserves a reward, click the
    clicker and give him a treat. This makes the dog
    more likely to repeat the action in the future.

28
Crate Training
  • Why should I crate train my dog?
  • 1. To provide a safe way to transport them.
  • 2. To provide a way to keep them confined when
    you are gone, if need be, so they don't destroy
    furniture, walls, etc!
  • 3. If there is an emergency and they need to be
    evacuated or boarded they will already be used to
    being in a crate.
  • How to
  • 1. Select a crate that is large enough (should be
    large enough for him to stand up and turn around
    in.)
  • 2. Put the crate in a place where the dog spends
    alot of time.
  • 3. Encourage the dog to go into the crate by
    dropping treats in there.
  • 4. Feed the dog his meals in the crate.
  • 5. Gradually increase the time you keep the dog
    in his crate (start with 5-10 minutes at a time
    and work your way up).

29
Other Training Tools
  • Many different kind of collars, each for a
    specific purpose. You should talk to a trainer
    to know which one to use and how to use it
    correctly
  • Choke collars
  • Pinch collars
  • Shock collars
  • Muzzles
  • Halters
  • Gentle Leader
  • Head or chest and body

30
Researching Behavior
  • Anti-Bark Collars
  • Citronella Spray Collars vs. Shock Collars

31
Researching Behavior
  • A group of dogs that barked excessively were
    studied.
  • The owners were given both a shock collar and a
    citronella spray collar to try out for two weeks.
  • Citronella Spray Collar vs. Shock Collars
  • Which of the two methods of training do these
    collars use?
  • Classical Conditioning
  • Operant Conditioning

32
Researching Behavior
  • Results
  • Most of the owners preferred the citronella spray
    collars.
  • Half of the owners reported the shock collar had
    no effect on the dogs at all.
  • One owner reported liking the shock collar
    better.

33
Why is Research Important?
  • Research is vital so that we can better
    understand how to train and correct behavior in
    our pets.
  • Also, some of the research done on animals
    carries over into you and me!

34
What Did We Learn Today?
  • Common animal behaviors
  • Wild animal behaviors
  • Unwanted animal behaviors and how to correct
    them.
  • Training techniques
  • Researching behavior

35
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