Chapter 24 America Enters the War

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Chapter 24America Enters the War

• Section 4
• America Enters the War

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FDR Supports England

• Two days after Britain and France declared war
  against Germany, FDR declared the United States
  neutral.
• Neutrality Act of 1939 allowed warring
  countries to buy weapons from the U.S. as long as
  they paid cash and carried them away on their own
  ships.

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Destroyers for Bases

• FDR used a loophole in the N.A. of 39 and sent
  50 American destroyers to Britain in exchange for
  the right to build American bases on
  Newfoundland, Bermuda, and Caribbean islands.

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The Isolationist Debate

• After the German invasion of France the American
  opinion changed to favor limited aid to the
  Allies.
• American First Committee opposed any American
  intervention or aid to the Allies.

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Election of 1940

• FDR decided to run for an unprecedented 3rd term.
• Roosevelt won by a large margin.

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Edging Toward War

• Lend-Lease Act said the U.S. could lend or
  lease arms to any country considered, vital to
  the defense of the U.S.
• June 1941 Hitler began a massive invasion of
  the Soviet Union. Violated the Nazi-Soviet Pact.

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Hemispheric Defense Zone

• FDR developed the HDZ, which declared the entire
  western half of the Atlantic as part of the
  Western Hemisphere and therefore neutral.
• This allowed for U.S. naval patrols to reveal the
  location of German subs.

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The Atlantic Charter

• August 1941, FDR and Prime Minister Winston
  Churchill agreed to the Atlantic Charter.
• Committed the 2 to a postwar world of democracy,
  nonaggression, free trade, economic advancement,
  and freedom of the seas.

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Atlantic incident

• German u-boat fired on the American destroyer
  Greer .
• Roosevelt gave the shoot on site order.
• Germans then sank the Reuben James and killed 115
  sailors.

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Japan Attacks the U.S.

• July 1940, Congress passed the Export Control
  Act, giving FDR the power to restrict the sale of
  strategic materials to other countries.
• Immediately blocked the sale of airplane fuel and
  scrap iron to Japan.
• Japan signed an alliance with Germany and Italy.

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Japan Attacks Pearl Harbor

• Japanese decided to attack colonies in SE Asia,
  seize the Philippines, and attack Pearl Harbor.
• December 7, 1941, sinking or damaging 21 ships,
  killing 2403 Americans, and injuring hundreds
  more.

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FDR Response

• The next day FDR declares war on Japan.
• December 11, 1941 Germany and Italy declare war
  on the United States.
• America is at war!!!

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a date which will live in infamy
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End of the Chapter 24

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