Early Indian Empires

1
Early Indian Empires
2
LEARNING GOALS and QUESTIONS

• Before European influence, India had established
  itself as a major empire with incredible
  religious, political, and economic achievements.
• In an entirely Buddhist and Hindu empire, how was
  Muslim rule first established in India?

3
Mauryan Empire (322-185 BC)
4
The Mauryan Empire

• 326 B.C.
• Alexander the Great invades India, but leaves
  soon after due to exhaustion of supplies

5
The Mauryan Empire

• Alexanders attack motivated CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA
  to centralize the kingdoms of India and eliminate
  the remaining Greek armies.
• - Used elephants
• as a means of
• cavalry

6
Ashoka

• Chandragupta Mauryas grandson,
  __________________, discontinued his
  grandfathers trend of expanding the empire
• Horrified by the brutality
• of warfare
• Abandoned fighting and
• became Buddhist

ASHOKA
7
Ashokas Accomplishments

• Improved the lives of people inscribed codes of
  right conduct on pillars across the empire
• Centralized power and built up trade
• Sent Buddhist missionaries all
• over Asia to spread the religion
• To this day, ASHOKA is wildly
• popular in India. Why do you
• think this is so?

8
Spread of Buddhism under Ashoka
9
The Rise of the Gupta Empire

• The Mauryan Empire declined as Ashokas sons
  fought for power

10
Gupta Empire

• Founded by Chandra Gupta I (no relation to
  Chandragupta Maurya)
• Why do you suppose the Indias territory shrunk
  since the Mauryan dynasty?

HEY! WHAT HAPPENED TO ALL OUR LAND?!
11
Gupta Rule
Egyptian Sun Disc (Halo)

• Fair and prosperous
• Religious Tolerance
• Rise in Hinduism
• ? TRADE (Outside Influence)

?
Roman-Style Coinage
?
12
Gupta Advances

• Code of Manu (established laws for the various
  castes)
• HINDU-ARABIC NUMERALS
• Sanskrit Language
• Indian astronomers found the Earth was round and
  revolves around the sun (almost 1,000 years
  before Europeans discovered the same!)

13
WORLD HISTORY

• Upon entering the room, grab a textbook and a
  worksheet from the table and begin completing the
  side entitled
• MUGHAL EMPIRE
• This is an individual assignmentcooperation will
  be generously rewarded

14
MUGHAL EMPIRE

• After the fall of the Gupta Empire, India broke
  into a number of small kingdoms.
• Muslim traders settled in Indian towns and lived
  peaceably with the Hindus and Buddhists.

WHO WOULDN'T MOVE HERE?!
15
Arrival of Islam

• Early 700s Muslim raiders invade and conquer the
  area that is now Pakistan and around 1000 AD,
  pour into Northern India.
• By the 1200s, most of Northern India was under
  Muslim control.

16
New Government

• Muslims established a new government for Northern
  India called the ____________________
• Very tolerant of religion and culture
• A blending of Muslim and Indian
• culture

Delhi Sultanate
Did somebody say, DELI?!
?
17
Web Quest Activity

• Go to www.skivoland.com
• Click on HONORS WORLD CULTURES (do not use the
  sidebar!!!)
• Click on LINKS
• Scroll down to the INDIA section and click on TAJ
  MAHAL links

18
Delhi Sultanate

• Remained strong for almost 300 years!!!
• 1526 - __________ nicknamed THE TIGER
• conquered the rulers of Delhi
• ? Began the MUGHAL EMPIRE
• ? Descendant of GENGHIS KHAN!

BABUR
19
MUGHAL EMPIRE
20
MUGHAL EMPIRE

• After BABURS death, his grandson took the throne
  at age 13
• _____________ (1542-1605)
• Regarded as one of the
• greatest rulers in Indias
• history

AKBAR
21
AKBARS ACHIEVEMENTS

• INCREDIBLE religious tolerance!
• Increased territory
• Fair and Just Increased the Empires wealth

22
POST-AKBAR INDIA
JAHANGIR

• After Akbar, _____________ came to rule
• Also practiced religious tolerance but came into
  conflict with people practicing
• ___________ a blend of Islam and Hinduism

SIKHISM
23
SIKHISM

• Monotheistic, but belief in reincarnation
• Lifes Goal Break free of the cycle of life and
  attain unity with God
• Turbans symbolize social equality
• Dont cut their hair or
• beards to honor the
• human form as created
• by God

24
JAHANGIRS SON
SHAH JAHAN

• ____________ took the throne after his father
  passed away
• Mughal Empires Golden Age
• Period of incredible advances in art and
  architecture
• Came at the expense of high taxes
• Did NOT practice religious tolerance
• (he was MUSLIM)

25
The TAJ MAHAL

• Indian, Persian, and Muslim architectural styles
• Tomb for Shah Jahans beloved wife

26
SHAH JAHAN

• New Capital City DELHI
• PEACOCK
• THRONE

27
The Beginning of the End

• As Shah Jahan became old, his sons fought for the
  throne
• _______________ seized power
• Military conquests to expand the empire
• INTENSELY Muslim
• Persecuted Hindus and Sikhs

AURANGZEB
28
DECLINE OF THE MUGHALS

• Frequent rebellions broke out
• Invaders entered from the North
• British trading colonies began building up and
  soon India fell under control of the ever
  expanding BRITISH EMPIRE