A Model for Designing Constructivist Learning Environments: Jonassen

1
A Model for Designing Constructivist Learning
Environments Jonassens Model
IT 6110 Winter 2005 Dr. Diroff

• Charles Chill Dan Davenport Susan
  Genden Kenneth Gutman

2
Introduction

• The four of us agreed to study Jonassens model,
  for our own individual reasons
• For Chuck who is in ISD it seemed
  interesting once we started discussing it.
• For Dan as a media specialist he builds on
  what a learner already knows and connects them to
  the tools that can help them learn more.
  Constructivism makes sense to him.
• For Ken an educational administrator he says
  he has always believed in Constructivism.
• For Susan an artist and educator with a
  humanistic psychology background a focus on
  experiential/student centered approaches to
  learning makes sense.

Jonassens Model
3
Introduction

• Susan developed the Powerpoint, and will
  introduce and wrap up this presentation.
• Dan will be speaking to you about a comparison
  with the ADDIE Model and how it is cognitive.
• Ken will discuss the Jonassen Model in terms of
  what it is and isnt, what are some applications
  of this model, and what makes it unique.
• Chuck will discuss what the field says about this
  model, what are its strengths and weaknesses.
• Then we will have questions and finish up the
  following assignment together.
•  

Jonassens Model
4
Assignment Put Your Feedback into A Poem

• One definition of a poem is A composition in
  verse rather than in prose.
• In Constructivist style your assignment TONIGHT
  is to create a group poem about this model, and
  each person here will write one line for it.
• After the slides, you will write down your line
  on an index card to add to the poem which we
  create together. Your line should include some
  comment about the presentation or model.
• Well return to this later.

Jonassens Model
5
A Model for Designing Constructivist Learning
Environments (Jonassen)
Jonassens Model
6
A Systems Approach?

• Is a set of interrelated parts
• Is purposeful (componentsworking toward one
  common goal)
• Is organized
• Is hierarchical

Jonassens Model
7
A Systems Approach? continued

• Is governed by processes
• Is cyclical (the system can be seen as a cycle of
  events)
• Is self regulating (using feedback the system
  adjusts/regulates itself)
• Yes, Jonassens Model reflects a systems approach

Jonassens Model
8
What is the Correlation with ADDIE?

• "...in constructivism the point is not to
  precisely transfer knowledge from the instructor
  to a group of learners but to facilitate the
  individual learner's ability to build on and
  extend existing knowledge within a given
  domain..."
• - Bill Brandon

Jonassens Model
9
Correlation with ADDIE?
ADDIE
Jonassen Model
Steps 1-3

• Analysis define WHAT is to be learned
• Design Specify HOW it is to be learned

Jonassens Model
10
Correlation with ADDIE?
ADDIE
Jonassen Model
Development Process of authoring producing
materials Implementation Process of installing
the project
Steps 4-6 and A, B, C
Jonassens Model
11
Correlation with ADDIE?
ADDIE
Jonassen Model
Evaluation Process of determining the impact
of instruction
Meaningful learning
Jonassens Model
12
Constructivism Is and Isnt

• Constructivism isn't an approach to learning that
  can be outlined in a flowchart and applied the
  same way to all learning, over and over
• Constructivism is about how individuals create
  meaning and knowledge, by extending and modifying
  current personal knowledge andskills and
• Constructivism is not a specific approach to
  design it's a way of thinking about design.

• - Bill Brandon

Jonassens Model
13
Type of Model Constructivist

• Great emphasis on learning environment
• Knowledge is constructed
• New information is interpreted in the context of
  the learners own experiences
• Meaning can be different for every learner
• The emphasis is on the learners role in
  knowledge construction

Jonassens Model
14
Assessment of Learner Characteristics

• 1.1 Problem contextthe essential part of the
  problem
• 6 Social/Contextual Support accommodate
  environmental and contextual factors affecting
  successful implementation
• Assessment of learner characteristics is INTEGRAL
  
• to this model owing to its constructivist roots

Jonassens Model
15
Real World Applications

• In school
• Authentic instruction
• Authentic assessment
• Cooperative learning
• Problem based learning

Jonassens Model
16
Real World Applications

• Simulations (NASA?)
• Socratic dialogue
• Microworld
• (simulated version of real-world task
  environment)

Jonassens Model
17
What Makes this Model Unique?

• Constructivist models are inherently different
• There is a lack of rigidity/adherence to specific
  learning principles

Jonassens Model
18
What Makes this Model Unique?

• Modeling, coaching, and scaffolding support the
  learner
• Modeling exists in two forms
• behavioral modeling of the overt performance and
• cognitive modeling of the covert cognitive
  processes

Jonassens Model
19
What Makes this Model Unique?

• Coaching is a process of motivating learners,
  analyzing their performance, and providing
  feedback on the performance. It helps regulate
  the learner's development of key skills
  motivate, provoke, perturb.
• Scaffolding is a systematic approach to support
  the learner ZPD, restructure task, provide
  alternative assessment.

Jonassens Model
20
What Makes this Model Unique?
The focus is on the learner above all else
Jonassens Model
21
What Does the Field Say?

• Important to provide students with authentic
  experiences
• Students should be engaged in cognitive processes
  that reflect the real world counterpart
• Activity is not inherently authentic, but
  authentic in relation to some other activity

Jonassens Model
22
Why Choose Jonassens Model?

• Mutual interest in Constructivism
• Respected model
• Interesting layout

Jonassens Model
23
Strengths of Jonassens Model

• Provides a framework for supporting learners as
  they work on their own design problems
• Emphasizes hands-on problem solving
• Promotes using curricula customized to the
  students' prior knowledge

Jonassens Model
24
Weaknesses of Jonassens Model

• Need access to
• Information
• Tools
• Related Cases
• Software
• Support

Jonassens Model
25
Weaknesses of Jonassens Model

• Smith and Ragan say a danger with Constructivism
  would be in eliminating statements of goals and
  objectives
• This could result in activity for activity's
  sake where only trivial learning takes place and
  not enough consideration is given to the goal

26
Questions

• Are there any other questions?
• WAIT! Were not quite done yet!

Jonassens Model
27
Finish the Poem with Feedback

• Take a minute to finish your line of
  poetry,write it on your index card. Each card is
  numbered with the order in which it will be read.
• For example.
• Susans line might read I will give this poem
  a start,
• Each person is to read their part of the poem
• OR, collect index cards and read later in class
  (depending on time)
• Also, how is this exercise an example of
  Jonassens Constructivist Model?

Jonassens Model
28
Thank you!
We thank you for participating