OVERFISHING PRACTICES

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OVERFISHING PRACTICES
GILL NETS DRIFT NETS LONGLINES PURSE SEINE
NETS TRAWLERS
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BY-CATCH ALL THE ANIMALS CAUGHT IN NETS OR ON
LINES WHICH ARE UNINTENTIONAL AND ARE USUALLY
DEAD AND THROWN OVERBOARD.
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Drift net fishing on the high seas beyond the
exclusive economic zone of any nation was banned
in 1991 by the UN General Assembly because of its
potential to harm all fish stocks and marine
animals. Fines for drift net fishing are
significant. This type of fishing involves the
use of a net, up to twenty miles in extent, that
is generally anchored to a boat and left to float
with the tide. The net is set out at night and
pulled in at sunrise, making it difficult for
aircraft surveillance to catch them in the act.
On average, a drift net vessel can scoop up half
a ton of fish per day. This often results in an
over harvesting and waste of large populations of
non-commercial marine species (by-catch) by its
effect of sweeping the ocean clean. The
by-catch also includes marine mammals and
seabirds.
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Nicknamed "walls of death" these nets are made of
a very strong monofilament (single strand) nylon
mesh, and each net is between 8 - 12 meters deep
and may be as long as 65 km, although usually
between 32 - 40 km. The nets are often put into
the sea at night, where they drift with the
current, catching and killing anything that gets
in their way, like huge underwater spiders' webs.
This method of fishing is extremely wasteful. Not
only is an estimated 40 to 50 of each catch
lost when the net is hauled in, but uncounted
numbers of fish are injured in the net and may
escape only to die later. These nets also catch
many dolphins, whales, seals, turtles and
seabirds which cannot easily see the almost
invisible netting.
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Longline fishing is a technique used to catch
fish in open waters, including those who live
near the sea floor. A longline includes a main
fishing line up to 100 kilometers in length, with
secondary lines branching off it, each set with
hundreds or thousands of barbed, baited hooks.
This technique is used in international waters,
as well as waters controlled by the United
States, South America, Australia, New Zealand,
and southern African countries, and targets fish
species such as tuna, swordfish, and Patagonian
toothfish.
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Japan has secured the help of eleven nations at
the IWC in this way six East Caribbean states,
(Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St
Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, St Kitts
and Nevis), the Solomon Islands, Guinea, Morocco
and Panama. All of these countries regularly
attend IWC meetings and speak in favor of a
resumption of commercial whaling, voting with
Japan on all occasions